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Cited by 76Fetal and Pediatric Neurological DisordersAdvanced MRI Techniques and ApplicationsNeonatal and fetal brain pathology

Fetal and Fetal Brain Volume Estimation in the Third Trimester of Human Pregnancy Using Gradient Echo MR Imaging

Gong, Q.Y, Roberts, N, Garden, A.S, Whitehouse, G.H·1998·Magnetic Resonance Imaging
DOI 10.1016/s0730-725x(97)00281-6
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Abstract

The Cavalieri method has been applied in combination with gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the increase in the volume of the fetus and fetal brain in the third trimester of pregnancy. Eighteen women with singleton pregnancies were recruited. Birthweights for the fetuses all lay within the 10-90th centile based on Liverpool data. A regression analysis, weighted using values derived from the coefficient of error predicted for each volume estimate, revealed a linear relationship between total fetal volume and gestational age (R2 = 0.88) and between fetal brain volume and gestational age (R2 = 0.71) during the third trimester. Fetal volume increased by an average of 25.2 ml per day and fetal brain volume increased by an average of 2.3 mL per day. Fetal brain volume is on average a constant proportion (10%, SD = 2%) of total fetal volume throughout the third trimester. Volume data were also obtained for eight fetuses diagnosed as abnormal. The volume of seven of the eight abnormal fetuses fell outside the 95% confidence interval established from the data obtained for the normal fetuses. However, for only three of the eight abnormal fetuses did brain volume fall outside the 95% confidence interval established for normals, possibly due to brain sparing occurring in asymmetrical growth retardation. The volume of the fetus and fetal brain may be readily estimated directly using the Cavalieri method and magnetic resonance imaging. These parameters represent potentially useful information for assessing fetal growth.

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  • Volumetric growth of the fetal brain increases by an average of 2.3 mL per day, with fetal brain volume averaging 10% of total fetal volume throughout the third trimester in healthy fetuses.

    “Volumetric growth of the fetal brain is reported to increase by an average of 2.3 mL per day, with fetal brain volume averaging 10% of total fetal volume throughout the third trimester in healthy fetuses [48].”

    From Brain structural and functional outcomes in the offspring of women experiencing psychological distress during pregnancy (2024) · cites this paper as [48]

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Authors
Gong, Q. Y., Roberts, N., Garden, A. S., & Whitehouse, G. H.
Affiliations
University of Liverpool (GB)
Corresponding author
Roberts, N
ORCID
Venue
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1998-04
Volume
16
Issue
3
Pages
235-240
ISSN
0730-725X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0730-725x(97)00281-6
OpenAlex
W2087279631
Cited by
76
References
27
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3
FWCI
4.74
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
Keywords
fetal brain volume, third trimester, gestational age, Cavalieri method, gradient echo MRI, fetal growth assessment, brain sparing, fetal growth restriction
MeSH terms
Congenital Abnormalities, Adult, Birth Weight, Brain, Cephalometry, Female, Embryonic and Fetal Development, Fetal Growth Retardation, Fetal Organ Maturity, Humans, Image Enhancement, Infant, Newborn, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Trimester, Third, Prenatal Diagnosis, Reference Values, Sensitivity and Specificity, Echo-Planar Imaging

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