Growth trajectories of the human fetal brain tissues estimated from 3D reconstructed in utero MRI
Open accessAbstract
In the latter half of gestation (20–40 gestational weeks), human brain growth accelerates in conjunction with cortical folding and the deceleration of ventricular zone progenitor cell proliferation. These processes are reflected in changes in the volume of respective fetal tissue zones. Thus far, growth trajectories of the fetal tissue zones have been extracted primarily from 2D measurements on histological sections and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this study, the volumes of major fetal zones—cortical plate (CP), subplate and intermediate zone (SP + IZ), germinal matrix (GMAT), deep gray nuclei (DG), and ventricles (VENT)—are calculated from automatic segmentation of motion‐corrected, 3D reconstructed MRI. We analyzed 48 T2‐weighted MRI scans from 39 normally developing fetuses in utero between 20.57 and 31.14 gestational weeks (GW). The supratentorial volume (STV) increased linearly at a rate of 15.22% per week. The SP + IZ (14.75% per week) and DG (15.56% per week) volumes increased at similar rates. The CP increased at a greater relative rate (18.00% per week), while the VENT (9.18% per week) changed more slowly. Therefore, CP increased as a fraction of STV and the VENT fraction declined. The total GMAT volume slightly increased then decreased after 25 GW. We did not detect volumetric sexual dimorphisms or total hemispheric volume asymmetries, which may emerge later in gestation. Further application of the automated fetal brain segmentation to later gestational ages will bridge the gap between volumetric studies of premature brain development and normal brain development in utero.
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During mid-gestation, the supratentorial volume, subplate, intermediate zone, and deep gray nuclei increase by around 15% per week between 20-31 gestational weeks.
“During mid-gestation, the supratentorial volume, subplate, intermediate zone, and deep gray nuclei have all shown increases of around 15% per week between the 20–31 gestational weeks (GW).”
From Brain structural and functional outcomes in the offspring of women experiencing psychological distress during pregnancy (2024) · cites this paper as [49]
The Abstract reports growth of 15.22% per week for supratentorial volume and 15.56% for deep gray nuclei over approximately 20–31 gestational weeks. It reports 14.75% for the subplate and intermediate zone combined, not for each separately. The Discussion explains that MRI contrast could not reliably separate those two zones throughout the period. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cortical plate increases by approximately 18% per week.
“Likewise, the cortical plate increases by approximately 18% per week.”
From Brain structural and functional outcomes in the offspring of women experiencing psychological distress during pregnancy (2024) · cites this paper as [49]
The ventricles grow at a more modest rate of 9.18% per week.
“The ventricles also grow at a more modest rate of 9.18% per week.”
From Brain structural and functional outcomes in the offspring of women experiencing psychological distress during pregnancy (2024) · cites this paper as [49]
The germinal matrix volume slightly increases then decreases after 25 GW.
“Interestingly, the germinal matrix volume slightly increases then decreases after 25 GW [49].”
From Brain structural and functional outcomes in the offspring of women experiencing psychological distress during pregnancy (2024) · cites this paper as [49]
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- Authors
- Scott, J. A., Habas, P. A., Kim, K., Rajagopalan, V., Hamzelou, K. S., Corbett‐Detig, J. M., Barkovich, A. J., Glenn, O. A., & Studholme, C.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Biomedical Image Computing Group Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA USA
- Corresponding author
- Scott, Julia A.
- Venue
- International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-04-17
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 529-536
- ISSN
- 0736-5748 (ISSN-L)
- 1873-474X
- PMC
- PMC3315847
- OpenAlex
- W2016246137
- Cited by
- 119
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 5.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01 NS 061957, R01 NS 055064)
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1 RR024131)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Medical Image Segmentation Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- fetal brain development, growth trajectories, in utero MRI, 3D MRI reconstruction, fetal brain segmentation, cortical plate, germinal matrix, ventricles, gestational age, sexual dimorphism, hemispheric lateralization, brain development
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Female, Fetus, Gestational Age, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Pregnancy, Imaging, Three-Dimensional
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