Effect of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in treated-hypertensive type 2 diabetic subjects
Abstract
n-3 fatty acids reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease via a number of possible mechanisms. Despite this, there has been concern that these fatty acids may increase lipid peroxidation. The data in vivo are inconclusive, due in part to limitations in the methodologies. In this regard, the measurement of F2-isoprostanes provides a reliable assessment of in vivo lipid peroxidation and oxidant stress. This study aimed to assess the effects of supplementation with purified eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the two major n-3 fatty acids, on urinary F2-isoprostanes and markers of inflammation, in type 2 diabetic patients. In a double-blind, placebo controlled trial of parallel design, 59 nonsmoking, treated-hypertensive, type 2 diabetic subjects, were randomized to 4 g daily of purified EPA, DHA, or olive oil for 6 weeks, while maintaining their usual diet. F2-isoprostanes, measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in 24 h urines and C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), were measured before and after intervention. Thirty-nine men and 12 women aged 61.2 +/- 1.2 years, with body mass index (BMI), 29.5 +/- 0.5 kg/m2; 24 h blood pressure, 138/73 mmHg; HbA1c, 7.3 +/- 0.1% and fasting glucose, 7.9 +/- 0.2 mmol/l completed the intervention. Baseline urinary F2-isoprostanes were positively associated with HbA1c (p=.011) and fasting glucose (p=.032). Relative to the olive oil group, postintervention urinary F2-isoprostanes were decreased 19% by EPA (p=.017) and 20% by DHA (p=.014). There were no significant changes in CRP, IL-6, and TNF-alpha following EPA or DHA supplementation. In regression analysis, Delta F2-isoprostanes were positively associated with Delta HbA1c (p=.007) independent of treatment group; and with Delta TNF-alpha (p=.034) independent of age, gender, BMI, and treatment group. There were no associations with Delta CRP or Delta IL-6. This study is the first report demonstrating that either EPA or DHA reduce in vivo oxidant stress without changing markers of inflammation, in treated hypertensive, type 2 diabetic subjects.
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The effect of ageing on the immune system cannot be completely separated from co-morbidity, medication use, or malnutrition.
“The effect of ageing on the immune system, however, cannot be completely separated from the contribution of co-morbidity, medication use or malnutrition (184,185) .”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [184]
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References 60 · Cited by 322
- Authors
- Mori, T. A., Woodman, R. J., Burke, V., Puddey, I. B., Croft, K. D., & Beilin, L. J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Mori, Trevor A
- Venue
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-10
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 772-781
- ISSN
- 0891-5849 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2090162029
- Cited by
- 322
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 16.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
- Flinders Academic Commons (Flinders University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
- Keywords
- eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, omega-3 fatty acids, omega-3 supplementation, F2-isoprostanes, lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, inflammation, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, TNF-α, HbA1c, olive oil
- MeSH terms
- Olive Oil, Adult, Aged, Diabetes Mellitus, Diet, Docosahexaenoic Acids, Fasting, Fatty Acids, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Inflammation, Male, Middle Aged, Phospholipids, Plant Oils, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Biomarkers, Oxidative Stress, F2-Isoprostanes, Diabetes Complications
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