The DOI matches its Crossref record; 120 of the 122 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Development of the Prefrontal Cortex during Adolescence: Insights into Vulnerable Neural Circuits in Schizophrenia
Abstract
Multiple lines of evidence suggest that the prefrontal cortex is a site of dysfunction in schizophrenia. In addition, one of the characteristics of this disorder is the tendency for clinical symptoms to appear first during late adolescence or early adulthood. Recent studies in nonhuman primates have shown that the connectivity of the prefrontal cortex is substantially refined during adolescence, suggesting that these developmental changes may be critical for the appearance of the clinical features of schizophrenia. This article reviews data demonstrating that these late developmental changes are selective for particular neural elements in the prefrontal cortex and that they are synaptically linked. It is suggested that these neural elements comprise a functional circuit that is likely to be especially vulnerable in schizophrenia, a hypothesis that can be directly tested in postmortem studies.
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“Animal and post-mortem human literature suggests an overexpression of receptors for serotonin, dopamine, adenergic, and endocannabinoids (Lidow and Rakic 1992), a peak in the density of interneurons (Anderson, Classey et al. 1995; Lewis 1997; Erickson and Lewis 2002), and an increase in levels of GABA (Hedner, Iversen et al. 1984).”
From Developmental imaging genetics: Linking dopamine function to adolescent behavior (2014) · cites this paper as Lewis 1997
Citations
Cites
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Mnemonic coding of visual space in the monkey's dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
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The Prefrontal Cortex: Anatomy, Physiology, and Neuropsychology of the Frontal Lobe
Fuster, J. M. (1980) · Cited by 2,367
Physiologic Dysfunction of Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Schizophrenia
Weinberger, D. R. (1986) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1986.01800020020004 · Cited by 2,025
Circuitry of Primate Prefrontal Cortex and Regulation of Behavior by Representational Memory
Goldman‐Rakic, P. S. (1987) · Comprehensive Physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.cp010509 · Cited by 1,960
Modulation of memory fields by dopamine Dl receptors in prefrontal cortex
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Positron emission tomography study of human brain functional development
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Context, cortex, and dopamine: A connectionist approach to behavior and biology in schizophrenia.
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Cognitive Deficit Caused by Regional Depletion of Dopamine in Prefrontal Cortex of Rhesus Monkey
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The adolescent brain and age-related behavioral manifestations
Spear, L. P. (2000) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(00)00014-2 · Cited by 5,433
Chambers, R. A., Taylor, J. R., & Potenza, M. N. (2003) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.6.1041 · Cited by 1,719
The neuropathology of schizophrenia
Harrison, P. J. (1999) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/122.4.593 · Cited by 1,677
Decreased Dendritic Spine Density on Prefrontal Cortical Pyramidal Neurons in Schizophrenia
Glantz, L. A., & Lewis, D. A. (2000) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.57.1.65 · Cited by 1,636
Self-citationTrajectories of brain development: point of vulnerability or window of opportunity?
Andersen, S. L. (2003) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(03)00005-8 · Cited by 1,503
Metadata
- Authors
- Lewis, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lewis, D
- ORCID
- Lewis, D
- Venue
- Neuropsychopharmacology
- Published
- 1997-06
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 385-398
- ISSN
- 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2013122647
- Cited by
- 388
- References
- 122
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 2.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Public Health Service
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH43784, MH-51234, MH 45156, R01MH051234, P50MH045156)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- prefrontal cortex, adolescence, schizophrenia, synaptic refinement, cortical connectivity, non-human primates, postmortem studies
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Humans, Nerve Net, Schizophrenia, Synapses, Prefrontal Cortex
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