Cited by 125Cardiovascular Health and Disease PreventionNitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsCardiovascular Function and Risk Factors

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Effect of obesity on endothelium-dependent, nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation in normotensive individuals and patients with essential hypertension

Higashi, Y·2001·American Journal of Hypertension

DOI 10.1016/s0895-7061(01)02191-4

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the interdependent and independent effects of hypertension and obesity on endothelial function in humans. We evaluated the forearm blood flow (FBF) response to acetylcholine, an endothelium-dependent vasodilator, and isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), an endothelium-independent vasodilator, in 16 lean and 12 obese normotensive individuals and the 18 lean and 15 obese hypertensive patients with no history of smoking, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, or renal dysfunction. The FBF was measured using a mercury-filled Silastic strain-gauge plethysmograph. The systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BP) and forearm vascular resistance were significantly greater in hypertensive patients than in the normotensive individuals. Insulin resistance, determined by a homeostatic model assessment (HOMA), was significantly greater in the obese group than in the lean group (3.59 +/- 1.68 v 1.91 +/- 1.12, P < .01). There was no significant difference in the HOMA index between normotensive and hypertensive subjects regardless of weight. The response of FBF to acetylcholine was greatest in lean normotensive individuals and least in obese hypertensive patients (40.5 +/- 8.5 and 10.4 +/- 2.8 mL/min/100 mL of tissue, P < .001 v other groups). The FBF response was similar in obese normotensive individuals and lean hypertensive patients (24.1 +/- 7.9 and 19.3 +/- 3.2 mL/min/100 mL of tissue). The vasodilatory effect of ISDN was similar in all four groups. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the maximal FBF response to acetylcholine correlated independently with age (P = .043), obesity (P = .012), HOMA index (P = .002), and mean BP (P < .001). These findings suggest that obesity and hypertension are independently involved in abnormal endothelium-dependent vasodilation by attenuated nitric oxide production.

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Authors: Higashi, Y.
Affiliations: Hiroshima University (JP)
Corresponding author: Higashi, Y
ORCID: Higashi, Y
Venue: American Journal of Hypertension
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2001-10
Volume: 14
Issue: 10
Pages: 1038-1045
ISSN: 0895-7061 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0895-7061(01)02191-4
OpenAlex: W2012569482
Cited by: 125
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 3.90
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: American Journal of Hypertension (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Pfizer
Japan Heart Foundation
Kimura Memorial Heart Foundation
Pfizer Pharmaceuticals
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
Keywords: obesity, essential hypertension, endothelial function, nitric oxide, endothelium-dependent vasodilation, acetylcholine, isosorbide dinitrate, forearm blood flow, insulin resistance, HOMA index, forearm vascular resistance, age
MeSH terms: Acetylcholine, Adult, Endothelium, Vascular, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Isosorbide Dinitrate, Male, Middle Aged, Nitric Oxide, Obesity, Vasodilation, Vasodilator Agents, Body Mass Index

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Effect of obesity on endothelium-dependent, nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation in normotensive individuals and patients with essential hypertension

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