The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Inhibition in schizophrenia: association with auditory hallucinations
Abstract
The study investigated whether auditory hallucinations (AH) in schizophrenia are linked to a deficit in inhibition. Two tasks assessing the intentional suppression of cognitive events-the Hayling Sentence Completion Test (HSCT) [Neuropsychologia 34 (1996) 263] and the Inhibition of Currently Irrelevant Memories Task (ICIM) [Nature Neuroscience 2 (1999) 677]-were administered to 42 patients with schizophrenia and 24 normal controls. Presence and severity of symptoms in the patient group were examined using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Patients performed significantly worse on the measures of inhibition compared to controls. More importantly, among patients, significant positive correlations were obtained between an index of AH severity (defined as an increase in frequency of AH on PANSS) and the number of type A errors on the HSCT and errors in the last three runs of the ICIM. An increase in AH severity was, therefore, associated with increasingly impaired control of intentional inhibition. Furthermore, no significant correlations were found between these indices of inhibition and either negative, general or positive symptoms (excluding AH scores).
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In support, studies have showed that hallucination frequency in SCZ was associated with difficulties on tasks requiring the suppression of irrelevant information and distracting information, like the ICIM and HSCT tasks, 98,99 a Directed Forgetting (DF) task, 100 and the Dichotic Listening task, 101 all pointing to deficits in intentional inhibition.”
From Are hallucinations due to an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory influences on the brain? (2016) · cites this paper as [98]
In the citing paper
“Separately, a number of studies have shown that people reporting hallucinatory experiences make more false alarm responses on an inhibitory control task (ie, fail to suppress irrelevant stimuli) than non-hallucinating participants. 20-22”
From Towards an Integrative Account of Potential Mechanisms Mediating the Path From Sleep Dysfunction to Hallucinations (2025) · cites this paper as [22]
Citations
Cites
The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia.
Kay, S. R., Fiszbein, A., & Opler, L. A. (1987) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/13.2.261 · Cited by 21,378
Response suppression, initiation and strategy use following frontal lobe lesions
Burgess, P. W., & Shallice, T. (1996) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/0028-3932(95)00104-2 · Cited by 854
The auditory hallucination: a phenomenological survey
Nayani, T. H., & David, A. S. (1996) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329170003381x · Cited by 710
Morrison, A. P. (2001) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465801003010 · Cited by 673
Interference and inhibition in cognition
Dempster, F. N. (1995) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012208930-5/50002-7 · Cited by 577
Consciousness, Information Processing and Schizophrenia
Frith, C. (1979) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.134.3.225 · Cited by 483
The development of cognitive inhibition
Harnishfeger, K. K. (1995) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012208930-5/50007-6 · Cited by 479
Evidence of reduced ‘cognitive inhibition’ in schizophrenia
Beech, A. R., Powell, T. J., McWilliam, J., & CLARIDGE, G. S. (1989) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1989.tb00821.x · Cited by 262
Spontaneous confabulators fail to suppress currently irrelevant memory traces
Schnider, A., & Ptak, R. (1999) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/10236 · Cited by 229
Schizophrenia : a neuropsychological perspective
Pantelis, C., Nelson, H. E., & Barnes, T. R. E. (1996) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 183
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–139 of 139
Schutte, M. J. L., Voppel, A., Collin, G., Abramovic, L., Boks, M. P., Cahn, W., van Haren, N. E. M., Hugdahl, K., Koops, S., Mandl, R. C. W., et al. (2022) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbac007 · Cited by 5
Cognitive correlates of auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Aleksandrowicz, A., Kowalski, J., Stefaniak, I., Elert, K., & Gawęda, Ł. (2023) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115372 · Cited by 5
Intentional cognitive control impairments in schizophrenia: Generalized or specific?
Paulik, G., Badcock, J. C., & Maybery, M. T. (2009) · Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society · doi:10.1017/s1355617709990609 · Cited by 6
Neuropsychological approaches to understanding visual hallucinations
Barnes, J. (2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118892794.ch9 · Cited by 5
Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie von Wahn und Halluzinationen
Lincoln, T. M., & Rief, W. (2007) · Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1026/1616-3443.36.3.164 · Cited by 5
Moseley, P., Alderson‐Day, B., Common, S., Dodgson, G., Lee, R., Mitrenga, K. J., Moffatt, J. A., & Fernyhough, C. (2020) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/pgaz2 · Cited by 6
The intentionality bias in schizotypy: a social matter
Roodenrys, S. J., Barkus, E., Woolrych, T. J., Miller, L. M., & Favelle, S. K. (2021) · Cognitive Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1080/13546805.2020.1865894 · Cited by 5
Zhang, T., Zhao, X., Yeo, B. T. T., Huo, X., Eickhoff, S. B., & Ji, C. (2026) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbaf218 · Cited by 5
Bere, M., Rossell, S. L., & Toh, W. L. (2024) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116268 · Cited by 7
The Role of Memory Retrieval and Emotional Salience in the Emergence of Auditory Hallucinations
Rossell, S. L. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4121-2_8 · Cited by 3
Phenomenology of Voice-Hearing in Psychosis Spectrum Disorders: a Review of Neural Mechanisms
Cruz, L. N., Pozzo, J. D., Zar, T., & Hansen, M. C. (2019) · Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s40473-019-00196-z · Cited by 2
The fabricated past: intentionally fabricated autobiographical memories in Alzheimer’s disease
Haj, M. E., & Robin, F. (2022) · Cognitive Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1080/13546805.2022.2036114 · Cited by 2
Neurocognitive Models of Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia: A Review.
Panikratova, Y. R., & Лебедева, И. С. (2022) · Clinical Psychology and Special Education · doi:10.17759/cpse.2022110105 · Cited by 3
Reduced susceptibility to experimentally-induced complex visual hallucinations with age
Shenyan, O., Haye, L., Milne, G. A., Lisi, M., Greenwood, J. A., Skipper, J. I., & Dekker, T. M. (2025) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2025.08.001 · Cited by 2
Collerton, D., Perry, E. K., & McKeith, I. G. (2005) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x05410134 · Cited by 2
Givi, H. G. (2017) · Cited by 2
Richards, S. E., Carruthers, S. P., Castle, D. J., & Rossell, S. L. (2021) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/00048674211068392 · Cited by 2
Bere, M., Rossell, S. L., Tan, E. J., Carruthers, S. P., Gurvich, C., Neill, E., Sumner, P. J., Rheenen, T. E. V., & Toh, W. L. (2024) · Cognitive Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1080/13546805.2024.2314941 · Cited by 1
Cannabis and Hallucinations: Studies in Human Subjects
Allen, P., & Winton‐Brown, T. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4121-2_15 · Cited by 1
Francis, A. M., Anderson, T.-J., Ross, L., Bissonnette, J. N., Napier, K., Shead, N. W., & Fisher, D. J. (2023) · Personality Neuroscience · doi:10.1017/pen.2023.1 · Cited by 1
Aleksandrowicz, A., Kowalski, J., Moritz, S., Stefaniak, I., & Gawęda, Ł. (2025) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2025.152583 · Cited by 1
Associations between sleep health, cognitive control, and hallucinations
Punton, G., Smailes, D., McCarty, K., Ellis, J. G., & Moseley, P. (2025) · Royal Society Open Science · doi:10.1098/rsos.251741 · Cited by 1
A neuroanatomical investigation of belief and doubt
Asp, E. W. (2012) · doi:10.17077/etd.ummvyy6u · Cited by 1
Cognitive processing associated with hallucinations for At Risk Mental State
Leicester, S. (2013) · Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) · Cited by 1
Immediacy, emotion, and the filling of glasses: Next round's on you.
Heinrichs, R. W. (2006) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.61.1.76
Dael, F. W. J. J. V. (2014) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20141204fv
On Inhibition: Studies in Schizophrenia
Kahn, R. S., Ramsey, N. F., & Vink, M. (2004)
Schizotypy: Consideration of neurological soft signs, language and affective factors
de Leede‐Smith, S. (2017) · Research Online (University of Wollongong)
Bell, I. (2019) · Minerva Access (University of Melbourne)
Inhibition, anxiety and the development of auditory hallucinations
Paulik, G. (2008) · UWA Profiles and Research Repository (University of Western Australia)
Alderson‐Day, B., Moffatt, J. A., Lima, C. F., Krishnan, S., Fernyhough, C., Scott, S. K., Denton, S., Leong, Y. T., Oncel, A. D., Wu, Y.-L., et al. (2021) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/db5y8
The Forward Testing Effect in Spatial Route Learning in Patients with SchizophreniaPreprint
Ma, X., Yaoyao, T., Tian-Tian, L., Minghui, L., & Zhang, J. (2023) · doi:10.22541/au.167505673.39197811/v1
Schettino, M., Parrillo, C., Gazzellini, S., Cairone, L., Baldassari, G., Thayer, J. F., Giove, F., Napolitano, A., & Ottaviani, C. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3015876/v1
Dudi, A. K. (2023) · American Journal of Medical and Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.58372/2835-6276.1098
Route learning in patients with schizophrenia: The role of the forward testing effect
Yaoyao, T., Li, T., Yang, C., Huo, X., Liu, M., Zhang, J., & Ma, X. (2024) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102305
The role of sleep health and cognitive control in the occurrence of hallucinatory experiencesPreprint
Punton, G., Smailes, D., McCarty, K., Ellis, J. G., & Moseley, P. (2024) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/erqh4
Spierings, M. J. (2011) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University)
Metadata
- Authors
- Waters, F.
- Affiliations
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Waters, F
- ORCID
- Waters, F
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-08-01
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 275-280
- ISSN
- 0920-9964 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2074439154
- Cited by
- 139
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 1.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Hallucinations in medical conditions
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, auditory hallucinations
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Hallucinations, Humans, Inhibition, Psychological, Functional Laterality, Male, Psychological Tests, Schizophrenia, Severity of Illness Index
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
