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Abdominal Adiposity and Clustering of Multiple Metabolic Syndrome in White, Black and Hispanic Americans
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of abdominal adiposity assessed by waist circumference (WC) with clustering of multiple metabolic syndromes (MMS) in White, Black and Hispanic Americans. MMS was defined as the occurrence of two or more of either hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia or hyperinsulinemia.Methods The number of MMS and fasting insulin (a surrogate measure of MMS) were each used as dependent variables in gender-specific multiple linear regression models, adjusting for age, smoking and alcohol intake. The contribution of WC to interethnic differences in clustering of MMS and fasting insulin concentration was assessed in gender-specific linear regression models. The risk of MMS due to large waist was estimated by comparing odds ratio for men with WC >/= 102 cm with those with WC < 102, and women with WC >/= 88 cm with women with WC < 88 cm in the logistic regression model adjusting for age, smoking and alcohol intake.Results WC was positively and independently associated with clustering of MMS and increased fasting insulin concentration adjusting for age, smoking and alcohol intake in the three ethnic groups (p < 0.01). Black ethnicity was associated with clustering of MMS and fasting insulin concentration (p < 0.01). Hispanic ethnicity was also associated with clustering of MMS in men and associated with fasting insulin concentration in both men and women (p < 0.01). In both men and women, the risk of MMS clustering was strongly associated with increased WC in all ethnic groups independent of BMI.Conclusion WC appears to be a marker for multiple metabolic syndromes in these ethnic groups. The results of this investigation lend support to the view that waist measurement should be considered as a clinical variable for assessing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
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“Finally, considerable individual and ethnic variation exists in the clinical pattern of metabolic risk factors in obese/ insulin-resistant subjects.53,54”
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Chávez, A. O., Gastaldelli, A., López-Alvarenga, J. C., Guardado‐Mendoza, R., Leland, M. M., Tejero, M. E., Sorice, G., Davalli, A. M., Bastarrachea, R. A., Comuzzie, A. G., et al. (2008) · Nature Precedings · doi:10.1038/npre.2008.2429.1
“Our study has several strengths: (i) the study population is a well characterized group of baboons from the morphometric, biochemical and molecular standpoint with clear cut differences between the lean, insulin sensitive and the obese, insulin resistant baboons; (ii) this nonhuman primate model mimics 20 closely find…”
BackgroundGellar, L. (2011) · eScholarship@UMassChan · doi:10.13028/zytb-hn96
“levels) in Latino men and increased fasting insulin concentrations in Latino women [75].”
BackgroundLópez-Jaramillo, P., Pradilla, L. P., Castillo, V. R., & Lahera, V. (2007) · Revista Española de Cardiología · doi:10.1157/13099463 · Cited by 44
Zreikat, H. H. (2009) · VCU Scholars Compass (Virginia Commonwealth University) · doi:10.25772/546w-r039
Beason, T. S. (2010) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)
General Considerations in the Diabetic Patient with Peripheral Vascular Disease
Kundi, R., Meltzer, A. J., & Bajakian, D. R. (2012) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-62703-158-5_1
Metadata
- Authors
- Okosun, I. S., Liao, Y., Rotimi, C. N., Prewitt, T. E., & Cooper, R. S.
- Affiliations
- Mercer University (US)
- Loyola University Medical Center (US)
- Howard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Okosun, Ike S
- Venue
- Annals of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-07
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 263-270
- ISSN
- 1047-2797 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2142867253
- Cited by
- 193
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2024: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 5.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Civil War Book Review (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL45508)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- abdominal fat, waist circumference, metabolic syndrome, fasting insulin, hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, ethnic differences, African Americans, Hispanic Americans, cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Abdomen, Adult, Aged, Analysis of Variance, Black or African American, Body Constitution, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Hyperinsulinism, Hyperlipidemias, Hypertension, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Predictive Value of Tests, Syndrome, United States, Hypertriglyceridemia, Body Mass Index, Odds Ratio, White People
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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