Cited by 860Folate and B Vitamins ResearchPorphyrin Metabolism and DisordersAlcoholism and Thiamine Deficiency

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 151 of the 153 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Vitamin B12, folic acid, and the nervous system

Reynolds, Edward·2006·The Lancet Neurology

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

There are many reasons for reviewing the neurology of vitamin-B12 and folic-acid deficiencies together, including the intimate relation between the metabolism of the two vitamins, their morphologically indistinguishable megaloblastic anaemias, and their overlapping neuropsychiatric syndromes and neuropathology, including their related inborn errors of metabolism. Folates and vitamin B12 have fundamental roles in CNS function at all ages, especially the methionine-synthase mediated conversion of homocysteine to methionine, which is essential for nucleotide synthesis and genomic and non-genomic methylation. Folic acid and vitamin B12 may have roles in the prevention of disorders of CNS development, mood disorders, and dementias, including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in elderly people.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s1474-4422(06)70598-1

Cites

151 of 151 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease.
(1988) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-108-3-503_7 · Cited by 7,807
Prevention of neural tube defects: Results of the Medical Research Council Vitamin Study
(1991) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)90133-a · Cited by 3,472
Plasma Homocysteine as a Risk Factor for Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease
Seshadri, S., Beiser, A., Selhub, J., Jacques, P. F., Rosenberg, I. H., D'Agostino, R. B., Wilson, P. W. F., & Wolf, P. A. (2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa011613 · Cited by 3,237
Prevention of the First Occurrence of Neural-Tube Defects by Periconceptional Vitamin Supplementation
Czeizel, A. E., & Dudás, I. (1992) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199212243272602 · Cited by 3,200
Prevention of neural tube defects: Results of the Medical Research Council vitamin study
Wald, N., Sneddon, J., Densem, J. W., Frost, C. D., & Stone, R. (1992) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1016/0020-7292(92)90076-u · Cited by 2,364
Homocysteine and Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease and Stroke: A Meta-analysis
Homocysteine Studies Collaboration (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.288.16.2015 · Cited by 2,059
Folate, Vitamin B12, and Serum Total Homocysteine Levels in Confirmed Alzheimer Disease
Clarke, R., Smith, A. D., Jobst, K. A., Refsum, H., Sutton, L., & Ueland, P. M. (1998) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.55.11.1449 · Cited by 1,408
Pathological correlates of late-onset dementia in a multicentre, community-based population in England and Wales
(2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)03589-3 · Cited by 1,338
Neuropsychiatric Disorders Caused by Cobalamin Deficiency in the Absence of Anemia or Macrocytosis
Lindenbaum, J., Healton, E. B., Savage, D. G., Brust, J. C. M., Garrett, T. J., Podell, E. R., Margell, P. D., Stabler, S. P., & Allen, R. H. (1988) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198806303182604 · Cited by 1,300
Folate and homocysteine metabolism in neural plasticity and neurodegenerative disorders
Mattson, M. P., & Shea, T. B. (2003) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(03)00032-8 · Cited by 847
Folic Acid: Nutritional Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Role in Disease Processes
Lucock, M. (2000) · Molecular Genetics and Metabolism · doi:10.1006/mgme.2000.3027 · Cited by 815
Neurologic Aspects of Cobalamin Deficiency
Healton, E. B., Savage, D. G., Brust, J. C. M., Garrett, T. J., & Lindenbaum, J. (1991) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/00005792-199107000-00001 · Cited by 770
Folic Acid Deficiency and Homocysteine Impair DNA Repair in Hippocampal Neurons and Sensitize Them to Amyloid Toxicity in Experimental Models of Alzheimer's Disease
Kruman, I. I., Kumaravel, T. S., Lohani, A., Pedersen, W. A., Cutler, R. G., Kruman, Y., Haughey, N. J., Lee, J., Evans, M. K., & Mattson, M. P. (2002) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-05-01752.2002 · Cited by 646
Folate in Health and Disease
Bailey, L. B. (2009) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420071252 · Cited by 636
Spina bifida
Mitchell, L. E., Adzick, N. S., Melchionne, J., Pasquariello, P. S., Sutton, L. N., & Whitehead, A. S. (2004) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(04)17445-x · Cited by 609
Homocysteine, folate, methylation, and monoamine metabolism in depression
Bottiglieri, T. (2000) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.69.2.228 · Cited by 546
NEW INSIGHTS INTO ERYTHROPOIESIS: The Roles of Folate, Vitamin B 12 , and Iron
Koury, M. J., & Ponka, P. (2004) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.24.012003.132306 · Cited by 518
Studies on the folic acid activity of human serum
Waters, A. H., Mollin, D. L., Pope, J., & Towler, T. (1961) · Journal of Clinical Pathology · doi:10.1136/jcp.14.4.335 · Cited by 515
Relations of vitamin B-12, vitamin B-6, folate, and homocysteine to cognitive performance in the Normative Aging Study
Riggs, K., Spiro, A., Tucker, K. L., & Rush, D. (1996) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/63.3.306 · Cited by 504
Homocysteine and folate as risk factors for dementia and Alzheimer disease
Ravaglia, G., Forti, P., Maioli, F., Martelli, M., Servadei, L., Brunetti, N., Porcellini, E., & Licastro, F. (2005) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn.82.3.636 · Cited by 499
Association Between Nutritional Status and Cognitive Functioning in a Healthy Elderly Population
Goodwin, J. S. (1983) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1983.03330450047024 · Cited by 481
Megaloblastic Anæmias
(1956) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(56)92392-3 · Cited by 475
Vitamin B 12 and folate in relation to the development of Alzheimer’s disease
Wang, H., Wåhlin, Å., Basun, H., Fastbom, J., Winblad, B. G., & Fratiglioni, L. (2001) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.56.9.1188 · Cited by 469
Homocysteine and folate metabolism in depression
Bottiglieri, T. (2005) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2005.06.021 · Cited by 459
S-adenosylmethionine/homocysteine cycle alterations modify DNA methylation status with consequent deregulation of PS1 and BACE and beta-amyloid production
Fuso, A., Seminara, L., Cavallaro, R. A., D’Anselmi, F., & Scarpa, S. (2004) · Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.mcn.2004.09.007 · Cited by 409
Homocysteine in Health and Disease
(2003) · Journal of Interventional Cardiology · doi:10.1046/j.1540-8183.2003.80332.x · Cited by 400
Enhancement of recovery from psychiatric illness by methylfolate
Godfrey, P. S. A., Toone, B. K., Bottiglien, T., Laundy, M., Reynolds, E. H., Carney, M. W. P., Flynn, T. G., & Chanarin, I. (1990) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)91942-4 · Cited by 389
Self-citation
Update on Cobalamin, Folate, and Homocysteine
Carmel, R., Green, R., Rosenblatt, D. S., & Watkins, D. (2003) · Hematology · doi:10.1182/asheducation-2003.1.62 · Cited by 386
MYELONEUROPATHY AFTER PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO NITROUS OXIDE
Layzer, R. (1978) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(78)92101-3 · Cited by 382
Homocysteine induces congenital defects of the heart and neural tube: Effect of folic acid
Rosenquist, T. H., Ratashak, S. A., & Selhub, J. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.26.15227 · Cited by 373
Genomic DNA methylation decreases in response to moderate folate depletion in elderly women
Rampersaud, G. C., KAUWELL, G. P. A., Hutson, A. D., Cerda, J. J., & Bailey, L. B. (2000) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/72.4.998 · Cited by 365
Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency in later life
Clarke, R., Evans, J. G., Schneede, J., Nexø, E., Bates, C. J., FLETCHER, A. E., Prentice, A., Johnston, C., Ueland, P. M., Refsum, H., et al. (2003) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afg109 · Cited by 357
Homocysteine and Alzheimer's disease
Morris, M. S. (2003) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(03)00438-1 · Cited by 351
Homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B-12 in mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer disease, and vascular dementia
Quadri, P., Fragiacomo, C., Pezzati, R., Zanda, E., Forloni, G., Tettamanti, M., & Lucca, U. (2004) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/80.1.114 · Cited by 341
Enhancement of the antidepressant action of fluoxetine by folic acid: a randomised, placebo controlled trial
Coppen, A., & Bailey, J. (2000) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(00)00153-1 · Cited by 337
Folic acid: a public-health challenge
Eichholzer, M., Tönz, O., & Zimmermann, R. (2006) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)68582-6 · Cited by 327
Homocysteine and Alzheimer's disease
LeBoeuf, R. C. (2003) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(03)00032-4 · Cited by 320
Folate in Health and Disease
Bowman, B. A. (1995) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/62.5.1029 · Cited by 308
MEGALOBLASTIC HÆMOPOIESIS IN PATIENTS RECEIVING NITROUS OXIDE
AMESS, J. A. L., Rees, G. M., Burman, J. F., Nancekievill, D. G., & Mollin, D. L. (1978) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(78)92941-0 · Cited by 297
Folic Acid Intake from Fortification in United States Exceeds Predictions
Choumenkovitch, S. F., Selhub, J., Rosenberg, I. H., Jacques, P. F., Wilson, P. W. F., & Rader, J. I. (2002) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/132.9.2792 · Cited by 290
Folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine in major depressive disorder
(1997) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.154.3.426 · Cited by 287
Autoantibodies to Folate Receptors in the Cerebral Folate Deficiency Syndrome
Ramaekers, V. T., Rothenberg, S. P., Sequeira, J. M., Opladen, T., Blau, N., Quadros, E. V., & Selhub, J. (2005) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa043160 · Cited by 287
Homocysteine and brain atrophy on MRI of non-demented elderly
den Heijer, T., Vermeer, S. E., Clarke, R., Oudkerk, M., Koudstaal, P. J., Hofman, A., & Breteler, M. M. B. (2002) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awg006 · Cited by 282
Effect of food fortification on folic acid intake in the United States
Quinlivan, E. P., & Gregory, J. F. (2003) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/77.1.221 · Cited by 281
Serum folate and the severity of atrophy of the neocortex in Alzheimer disease: findings from the Nun Study
Snowdon, D. A., Tully, C. L., Smith, C. D., Riley, K. P., & Markesbery, W. R. (2000) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/71.4.993 · Cited by 277
Cerebrospinal fluid S-adenosylmethionine in depression and dementia: effects of treatment with parenteral and oral S-adenosylmethionine.
Bottiglieri, T., Godfrey, P. M., Flynn, T., Carney, M. W. P., Toone, B., & Reynolds, E. H. (1990) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.53.12.1096 · Cited by 258
Self-citation
Gene-Nutrient Interactions and DNA Methylation
Friso, S., & Choi, S. (2002) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/132.8.2382s · Cited by 257
... AND ANOTHER
Al-Fallouji, M. A. R. (1983) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(83)90305-7 · Cited by 256
PATHOGENESIS OF SUBACUTE COMBINED DEGENERATION: A RESULT OF METHYL GROUP DEFICIENCY
SCOTT, J. (1981) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(81)90649-8 · Cited by 254
Homocysteine and cognitive function in the elderly: The Rotterdam Scan Study
Prins, N. D., den Heijer, T., Hofman, A., Koudstaal, P. J., Jolles, J., Clarke, R., & Breteler, M. M. B. (2002) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000032494.05619.93 · Cited by 254
Cerebral folate deficiency
Ramaekers, V. T., & Blau, N. (2004) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2004.tb00451.x · Cited by 249
Homocysteine, B vitamin status, and cognitive function in the elderly
Duthie, S. J., Whalley, L. J., Collins, A. R., Leaper, S., Berger, K., & Deary, I. J. (2002) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/75.5.908 · Cited by 244
Homocysteine, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and risk of schizophrenia: a meta-analysis
Muntjewerff, J.-W., Kahn, R. S., Blom, H. J., & den Heijer, M. (2005) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001746 · Cited by 241
Folic Acid in Neurology, Psychiatry and Internal Medicine
Swash, M. (1980) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 241
Folic acid, ageing, depression, and dementia
Reynolds, E. H. (2002) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.324.7352.1512 · Cited by 240
Self-citation
Enhancement of the antidepressant action of fluoxetine by folic acid: A randomised, placebo controlled trial
Coppen, A. J., & Bailey, J. (2000) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e323122004-002 · Cited by 236
Association of demyelination with deficiency of cerebrospinal-fluid S-adenosylmethionine in inborn errors of methyl-transfer pathway
Surtees, R. A. H., Leonard, J., & Austin, S. (1991) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)92373-a · Cited by 235
Moderately Elevated Plasma Homocysteine, Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Genotype, and Risk for Stroke, Vascular Dementia, and Alzheimer Disease in Northern Ireland
McIlroy, S. P., Dynan, K., Lawson, J. T., Patterson, C., & Passmore, A. P. (2002) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.0000032550.90046.38 · Cited by 226
The neuropsychiatry of megaloblastic anaemia.
Shorvon, S. D., Carney, M. W. P., Chanarin, I., & Reynolds, E. H. (1980) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.281.6247.1036 · Cited by 217
Self-citation
CLINICAL ASPECTS OF THE INTERACTION BETWEEN NITROUS OXIDE AND VITAMIN B12
Nunn, J. F. (1987) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/59.1.3 · Cited by 213
Homocysteine and Cognitive Decline in Healthy Elderly
McCaddon, A., Hudson, P. R., Davies, G. K., Hughes, A., Williams, J. H. H., & Wilkinson, C. (2001) · Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders · doi:10.1159/000051275 · Cited by 207
SUBACUTE COMBINED DEGENERATION OF THE SPINAL CORD
Somerville, W. G. (1920) · Southern Medical Journal · doi:10.1097/00007611-192002000-00002 · Cited by 191
Low folate status is associated with impaired cognitive function and dementia in the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging
Ramos, M. I., Allen, L. H., Mungas, D. M., Jagust, W. J., Haan, M. N., Green, R., & Miller, J. W. (2005) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/82.6.1346 · Cited by 188
Hyperhomocysteinemia associated with poor recall in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Morris, M. S., Jacques, P. F., Rosenberg, I. H., & Selhub, J. (2001) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/73.5.927 · Cited by 185
The Clinical Potential of Ademetionine (S-Adenosylmethionine) in Neurological Disorders
Bottiglieri, T., Hyland, K., & Reynolds, E. H. (1994) · Drugs · doi:10.2165/00003495-199448020-00002 · Cited by 184
Self-citation
Is folic acid the ultimate functional food component for disease prevention?
Lucock, M. D. (2004) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.328.7433.211 · Cited by 183
Folate Deficiency in Depressive Illness
Reynolds, E. H., Preece, J. M., Bailey, J., & Coppen, A. J. (1970) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/s0007125000193250 · Cited by 183
Self-citation
Acquired and inherited disorders of cobalamin and folate in children
Whitehead, V. M. (2006) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2006.06133.x · Cited by 168
Functional vitamin B 12 deficiency and Alzheimer disease
McCaddon, A., Regland, B., Hudson, P. R., & Davies, G. K. (2002) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.58.9.1395 · Cited by 166
11 Neurological complications of acquired cobalamin deficiency: clinical aspects
Savage, D. G., & Lindenbaum, J. (1995) · Baillière s Clinical Haematology · doi:10.1016/s0950-3536(05)80225-2 · Cited by 163
METHYLATION AND MOOD
Reynolds, E. H., Carney, M. W. P., & Toone, B. (1984) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(84)90482-3 · Cited by 158
Self-citation
Folic acid enhances lithium prophylaxis
Coppen, A. J., CHAUDHRY, S., & Swade, C. (1986) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/0165-0327(86)90043-1 · Cited by 154
The thermolabile variant of MTHFR is associated with depression in the British Women's Heart and Health Study and a meta-analysis
Lewis, S. J., Lawlor, D. A., Smith, G. D., Araya, R., Timpson, N. J., Day, I. N. M., & Ebrahim, S. B. J. (2006) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001790 · Cited by 151
Hyperhomocysteinaemia—a common finding in a psychogeriatric population
Nilsson, K. H., Gustafson, L., Fäldt, R., Andersson, A. D. R., Brattström, L. E., Lindgren, A. G., Israelsson, B., & Hultberg, B. L. (1996) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1996.tb02129.x · Cited by 150
Association of homocysteine with plasma amyloid β protein in aging and neurodegenerative disease
Irizarry, M. C., Gurol, M. E., Raju, S., Diaz-Arrastia, R. R., Locascio, J. J., Tennis, M. K., Hyman, B. T., Growdon, J. H., Greenberg, S. M., & Bottiglieri, T. (2005) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000183063.99107.5c · Cited by 146
Lipoprotein Oxidation, Plasma Total Antioxidant Capacity and Homocysteine Level in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Besler, H. T., & Çomoǧlu, S. (2003) · Nutritional Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/1028415031000115945 · Cited by 146
Remethylation defects: guidelines for clinical diagnosis and treatment
de Baulny, H. O., Gérard, M., Saudubray, J., & Zittoun, J. (1998) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/pl00014307 · Cited by 141
Neurological Aspects of Folate and Vitamin B12 Metabolism
Reynolds, E. H. (1976) · Clinics in Haematology · doi:10.1016/s0308-2261(21)00115-6 · Cited by 138
Self-citation
Benefits and risks of folic acid to the nervous system
Reynolds, E. H. (2002) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.72.5.567 · Cited by 137
Self-citation
SUBACUTE COMBINED DEGENERATION OF THE SPINAL CORD
Russell, J. S. R., Batten, F. E., & COLLIER, J. S. (1900) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/23.1.39 · Cited by 136
Folate, Homocysteine, and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia
GOFF, D. C., Bottiglieri, T., Arning, E., Shih, V. E., Freudenreich, O., Evins, A. E., Henderson, D. C., Baer, L., & Coyle, J. T. (2004) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.9.1705 · Cited by 136
Vitamin B12 insufficiency and the risk of fetal neural tube defects
Ray, J. G., & Blom, H. J. (2003) · QJM · doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcg043 · Cited by 135
Homocysteine and cognitive function in healthy elderly community dwellers in Italy
Ravaglia, G., Forti, P., Maioli, F., Muscari, A., Sacchetti, L., Arnone, G., Nativio, V., Talerico, T., & Mariani, E. (2003) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/77.3.668 · Cited by 131
MENTAL EFFECTS OF ANTICONVULSANTS, AND FOLIC ACID METABOLISM
Reynolds, E. H. (1968) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/91.2.197 · Cited by 124
Self-citation
Folic Acid in Neurology, Psychiatry and Internal Medicine
Botez, M. I., & Reynolds, E. H. (1979) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 119
Self-citation
Focus on Protein kinase A and protein kinase C, critical components of signal transduction system, in mood disorders and suicide
Pandey, G. N., & Dwivedi, Y. (2005) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1017/s1461145704004936 · Cited by 117
Does folic acid harm people with vitamin B12 deficiency?
Dickinson, C. J. (1995) · QJM · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.qjmed.a069077 · Cited by 111
Oral 5′-methyltetrahydrofolic acid in senile organic mental disorders with depression: Results of a double-blind multicenter study
Passen, M., Cucinotta, D., Abate, G., Senin, U., Ventura, A., Stramba‐Badiale, M., Diana, R., Greca, P. L., & Grazie, C. L. (1993) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/bf03324128 · Cited by 108
Anti-GT1a IgG in Guillain-Barre syndrome
Koga, M. (2002) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.72.6.767 · Cited by 107
Folic acid supplementation enhances repair of the adult central nervous system
Iskandar, B. J., Nelson, A. B., Resnick, D. K., Skene, J. H. P., Gao, P., Johnson, C., Cook, T. D., & Hariharan, N. (2004) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20174 · Cited by 106
Hyperhomocysteinemia in dementia
Leblhuber, F., Walli, J., Artner‐Dworzak, E., Vrečko, K., Widner, B., Reibnegger, G. J., & Fuchs, D. (2000) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s007020070010 · Cited by 105
The relationship between serum folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine levels in major depressive disorder and the timing of improvement with fluoxetine
Papakostas, G. I., Petersen, T., Lebowitz, B. D., Mischoulon, D., Ryan, J. L., Nierenberg, A. A., Bottiglieri, T., Alpert, J. E., Rosenbaum, J. F., & D, M. F. M. (2005) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1017/s1461145705005195 · Cited by 102
FOLATE DEFICIENCY AND NEUROLOGICAL DISEASE
Grant, H. C., Hoffbrand, A. V., & Wells, D. G. (1965) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(65)90813-5 · Cited by 101
Alzheimer’s disease and total plasma aminothiols
McCaddon, A., Hudson, P. R., Hill, D., Barber, J., Lloyd, A., Davies, G. K., & Regland, B. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01451-8 · Cited by 89
Homocysteinemia as well as methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism are associated with affective psychoses
Reif, A., Pfuhlmann, B., & Lesch, K. (2005) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2005.06.027 · Cited by 88
Increased plasma homocysteine levels without signs of vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with multiple sclerosis assessed by blood and cerebrospinal fluid homocysteine and methylmalonic acid
Vrethem, M., Mattsson, E., Hebelka, H., Leerbeck, K., Österberg, A., Landtblom, A., Balla, B., Nilsson, H., Hultgren, M., Brattström, L. E., et al. (2003) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1191/1352458503ms918oa · Cited by 86
B12 deficiency and psychiatric disorders: case report and literature review.
Zucker, D. K., LIVINGSTON, R. L., Nakra, R., & Clayton, P. J. (1981) · PubMed · Cited by 84
Folate-responsive neuropathy: report of 10 cases.
Manzoor, M. W., & Runcie, J. (1976) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.1.6019.1176 · Cited by 83
Neurological Disease associated with Folate Deficiency
Reynolds, E. H., Rothfeld, P. M., & Pincus, J. H. (1973) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5863.398 · Cited by 82
Self-citation
Further evidence on the effects of vitamin B12 and folate levels on episodic memory functioning: a population-based study of healthy very old adults
Hassing, L. B., Wåhlin, Å., Winblad, B. G., & Bäckman, L. (1999) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00234-0 · Cited by 82
The neurophysiological profile of vitamin B12 deficiency
Fine, E. J., Soria, E. D., Paroski, M. W., Petryk, D., & Thomasula, L. (1990) · Muscle & Nerve · doi:10.1002/mus.880130213 · Cited by 82
Homocysteine: a marker for cognitive performance? A longitudinal follow-up study.
Teunissen, C. E., Blom, A. H. J., van Boxtel, M. P. J., Bosma, H., Bruijn, C. D., Jolles, J., Wauters, B. A., Steinbusch, H. W. M., & de Vente, J. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 79
MATERNAL NUTRITION AND LOW BIRTH-WEIGHT
Susser, M. W., & STEIN, Z. A. (1976) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(76)91302-7 · Cited by 79
Cobalamin inactivation by nitrous oxide produces severe neurological impairment in fruit bats : Protection by methionine and aggravation by folates
Westhuyzen, J., Fernandes-Costa, F., & Metz, J. (1982) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(82)90039-x · Cited by 79
Let’s increase folic acid fortification and include vitamin B-12
Oakley, G. (1997) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/65.6.1889 · Cited by 77
FOLATE STATUS IN A GERIATRIC POPULATION AND ITS RELATION TO DEMENTIA
SNEATH, P., Chanarin, I., HODKINSON, H. M., McPherson, C., & Reynolds, E. H. (1973) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/2.3.177 · Cited by 74
Self-citation
Homocysteine and B vitamins in mild cognitive impairment and dementia
Quadri, P., Fragiacomo, C., Pezzati, R., Zanda, E., Tettamanti, M., & Lucca, U. (2005) · Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) · doi:10.1515/cclm.2005.191 · Cited by 73
Relationship between Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Folate
Reynolds, E. H., Gallagher, B. B., Mattson, R. H., Bowers, M. B., & Johnson, A. L. (1972) · Nature · doi:10.1038/240155a0 · Cited by 73
Self-citation
Vitamin B12 Metabolism in Multiple Sclerosis
Reynolds, E. H., Bottiglieri, T., Laundy, M., Crellin, R. F., & Kirker, S. (1992) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1992.00530300089014 · Cited by 67
Self-citation
Folate-Responsive Neurological and Mental Disorders: Report of 16 Cases
Botez, M. I., Fontaine, F. S., Botez-Marquard, T., & Bachevalier, J. (2008) · European Neurology · doi:10.1159/000114904 · Cited by 67
Folate fortification: enough already?
Shane, B. (2003) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/77.1.8 · Cited by 66
ASSOCIATIONS OF SUBNORMAL SERUM FOLATE AND VITAMIN B12 VALUES AND EFFECTS OF REPLACEMENT THERAPY
Carney, M. W. P., & SHEFFIELD, B. F. (1970) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-197005000-00009 · Cited by 65
The influence of serum vitamin B12 and folate status on cognitive functioning in very old age
Wahlin, T. R., Wåhlin, Å., Winblad, B. G., & Bäckman, L. (2001) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0511(01)00079-5 · Cited by 60
Folate and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C→T mutation correlate with cognitive performance
Durga, J., VANBOXTEL, M., Schouten, E. G., Bots, M. L., Kok, F. J., & Verhoef, P. (2005) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2005.01.003 · Cited by 58
Multiple Sclerosis Associated With Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Reynolds, E. H., Linnell, J. C., & Faludy, J. E. (1991) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1991.00530200044017 · Cited by 56
Self-citation
Multiple sclerosis and vitamin B12 metabolism
Reynolds, E. H. (1992) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/0165-5728(92)90137-a · Cited by 55
Self-citation
Effects of the disruption of transmethylation in the central nervous system: an animal model
Scott, J. M., Molloy, A. M., Kennedy, D. G., Kennedy, S., Weir, D. G., & Scott, J. M. (1994) · Acta Neurologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1994.tb05406.x · Cited by 55
Severe Neurologic Deficit after Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia
Hadžić, A., Glab, K., Sanborn, K. V., & Thys, D. M. (1995) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/00000542-199510000-00028 · Cited by 52
Implications for hyperhomocysteinemia: not homocysteine but its oxidized forms strongly inhibit neuronal network activity
Görtz, P., Hoinkes, A., Fleischer, W., Otto, F., Schwahn, B., Wendel, U., & Siebler, M. (2004) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2003.11.009 · Cited by 52
THE NERVOUS SYMPTOMS IN PERNICIOUS ANEMIA
WOLTMANN, H. W. (1919) · The American Journal of the Medical Sciences · doi:10.1097/00000441-191903000-00007 · Cited by 52
The long-term evaluation of folic acid in the treatment of pernicious anemia.
Schwartz, S. O., KAPLAN, S. R., & ARMSTRONG, B. E. (1950) · PubMed · Cited by 52
Subacute Combined Degeneration With High Serum Vitamin B12 Level and Abnormal Vitamin B12 Binding Protein
Reynolds, E. H. (1993) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1993.00540070055015 · Cited by 49
Self-citation
Correlations between cognitive, behavioural and psychological findings and levels of vitamin B12 and folate in patients with dementia
Engelborghs, S., Vloeberghs, E., Maertens, K., Mariën, P., Somers, N., Symons, A., Clement, F., Ketels, V., Saerens, J., Goeman, J., et al. (2004) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.1092 · Cited by 49
The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease
Scalettar, R. (1967) · Military Medicine · doi:10.1093/milmed/132.2.162a · Cited by 48
Homocysteine and methylmalonic acid concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid: relation with age and Alzheimer's disease
Jm, S. (2005) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2004.056119 · Cited by 47
Facilitatory and direct excitatory effects of folate and folinate on single neurones of cat cerebral cortex
Davies, J. T., & Watkins, J. C. (1973) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0006-2952(73)90034-8 · Cited by 44
Epileptogenic activity of sodium-folate and the blood— Brain barrier in the rat
Hommes, O. R., Obbens, E. A. M. T., & Wijffels, C. C. B. (1973) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/0022-510x(73)90057-9 · Cited by 43
Demyelination and inborn errors of the single carbon transfer pathway
Surtees, R. A. H. (1998) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/pl00014296 · Cited by 42
Plasma homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folate in Alzheimer's patients and healthy Arabs in Israel
Mizrahi, E. H., Bowirrat, A., Jacobsen, D. W., Korczyn, A. D., Traoré, F., Petot, G. J., Lerner, A. J., Debanne, S. M., Adunsky, A., DiBello, P. M., et al. (2004) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2004.08.011 · Cited by 41
Folate and human development
Massaro, E., & Rogers, J. (2002) · Scandinavian Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1080/11026480260363314 · Cited by 41
Association Between Homocysteine, Depression, and Cognitive Function in Community‐Dwelling Older Women from Australia
Almeida, O. P., Lautenschlager, N. T., Flicker, L. A., Leedman, P. J., Vasikaran, S. D., Gelavis, A., & Ludlow, J. (2004) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.05202001_9.x · Cited by 38
NEUROPSYCHIATRIC ASPECTS OF ANTICONVULSANT MEGALOBLASTIC ANÆMIA
Reynolds, E. H., Chanarin, I., & Matthews, D. M. (1968) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(68)91358-5 · Cited by 38
Self-citation
Folate in CSF and age
Bottiglieri, T. (2000) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.69.4.562a · Cited by 37
Phenytoin—Folic Acid: A Review
Rivey, M. P., Schottelius, D. D., & Berg, M. J. (1984) · Annals of Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1177/106002808401800404 · Cited by 36
Plasma R Binder Deficiency and Neurologic Disease
Sigal, S. H., Hall, C. A., & Antel, J. P. (1987) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198711193172106 · Cited by 31
Vitamin B12and its Relationship to Age of Onset of Multiple Sclerosis
Sandyk, R., & Awerbuch, G. I. (1993) · International Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.3109/00207459309000596 · Cited by 30
Multiple sclerosis and macrocytosis
Crellin, R. F., Bottiglieri, T., & Reynolds, E. H. (2009) · Acta Neurologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1990.tb00981.x · Cited by 30
Self-citation
Experience with pterolyglutamic (synthetic folic) acid in the treatment of pernicious anemia.
Hall, B. E., & Watkins, C. H. (1947) · PubMed · Cited by 29
No Effect of Folic Acid Supplement on CSF Folate and Serum Vitamin B12 in Patients on Anticonvulsants
Spaans, F. (1970) · Epilepsia · doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1970.tb03906.x · Cited by 28
Co-ordinate variations in methylmalonyl-CoA mutase and methionine synthase, and the cobalamin cofactors in human glioma cells during nitrous oxide exposure and the subsequent recovery phase
RIEDEL, B., Fiskerstrand, T., Refsum, H., & Ueland, P. M. (1999) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3410133 · Cited by 28
The Megaloblastic Anaemias.
(1954) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1954.03690360072034 · Cited by 28
NEUROLOGIC ASPECTS OF PRIMARY ANEMIA
AHRENS, R. S. (1932) · Archives of Neurology And Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archneurpsyc.1932.02240010100006 · Cited by 26
Homocysteine
Spence, J. D. (2006) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.0000199621.28234.e2 · Cited by 26
Changes in Plasma Folate Levels in Rats Inhaling Nitrous Oxide
Lumb, M. J., Perry, J. R., Deacon, R., & Chanarin, I. (1981) · Scandinavian Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0609.1981.tb01625.x · Cited by 24
Vitamin B-12, serum folate, and cognitive change between 11 and 79 years
Starr, J. M. (2005) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2004.046219 · Cited by 23
Hyperhomocysteinaemia in Alzheimer's disease and expression of cell cycle markers in the brain
Nagy, Z. (2000) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.69.4.565 · Cited by 21
Vitamin Responsive Conditions in Paediatric Neurology: International Review of Child Neurology Series
Dowling, M. M. (2003) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.60.12.1821-b · Cited by 10
IV Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Stroke in the Community
Furlan, A. J. (2006) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.0000199853.52386.70 · Cited by 9
Corrigendum
Papakostas, G. I., Petersen, T., Lebowitz, B. D., Mischoulon, D., Ryan, J. L., Nierenberg, A. A., Bottiglieri, T., Alpert, J. E., Rosenbaum, J. F., & D, M. F. M. (2005) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1017/s1461145705005742 · Cited by 4
Clinical Neurology
Calverley, J. R. (2003) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.60.12.1821-a · Cited by 1
The TAPS project 40: quality of care provisions for the elderly mentally ill?traditional vs alternative facilities
Wills, W., Trieman, N., & Leff, J. (1998) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1166(199804)13:4

Research works printed but not linked: 3

Leichtenstern, 1884, Progressive perniciöse anämie bei tabeskranken, Dtsch Med Wochenschr, 10, 849
Lichtheim, 1887, Zur kenntniss der perniciösen anämie, Munch Med Wochenschr, 34, 301
1996, Food standards: amendments of the standards of identity for enriched grain products to require addition of folic acid, Federal Register, 61, 8781

Sorted by citations

B Vitamins and the Brain: Mechanisms, Dose and Efficacy—A Review
Kennedy, D. (2016) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu8020068 · Cited by 1,055
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Green, R., Allen, L. H., Bjørke-Monsen, A.-L., Brito, A., Guéant, J.-L., Miller, J. W., Molloy, A. M., Nexo, E., Stabler, S., Toh, B.-H., et al. (2017) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2017.40 · Cited by 970
Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet, Cognitive Decline, and Risk of Dementia
Féart, C. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1146 · Cited by 757
Bioinorganic Chemistry of Alzheimer’s Disease
Kepp, K. P. (2012) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr300009x · Cited by 683
Is folic acid good for everyone?
Smith, A. D., Kim, Y., & Refsum, H. (2008) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/87.3.517 · Cited by 617

See all 860

Authors: Reynolds, E.
Affiliations: King's College London (GB)
Corresponding author: Reynolds, Edward
ORCID: Reynolds, Edward
Venue: The Lancet Neurology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2006-11
Volume: 5
Issue: 11
Pages: 949-960
ISSN: 1474-4422 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(06)70598-1
OpenAlex: W2167574472
Cited by: 860
References: 153
Citations by year: 2026: 42 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 70 · 2023: 50 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 43 · 2017: 48 · 2016: 55 · 2015: 47 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 43 · 2012: 49
FWCI: 3.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: The Lancet Neurology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Folate and B Vitamins Research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Porphyrin Metabolism and Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Alcoholism and Thiamine Deficiency
Keywords: vitamin B12, folic acid, folate deficiency, megaloblastic anemia, neuropsychiatric syndromes, inborn errors of metabolism, methionine synthase, homocysteine, DNA methylation, nucleotide synthesis, central nervous system development, mood disorders, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia
MeSH terms: Animals, Folic Acid, Humans, Metabolic Diseases, Models, Biological, Multiple Sclerosis, Nervous System, Vitamin B 12, Vitamin B 12 Deficiency

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Vitamin B12, folic acid, and the nervous system

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks