Cited by 112Adrenal Hormones and DisordersCancer Immunotherapy and BiomarkersPituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments

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Ipilimumab-induced autoimmune adrenalitis

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Min, Le, Ibrahim, Nageatte·2013·The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology

DOI 10.1016/s2213-8587(13)70031-7PMC PMC4106239

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“Min L, Ibrahim N. Ipilimumab-induced autoimmune adrenalitis.”
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“A case report shows that primary adrenal insufficiency developed 8 weeks after initiation of nivolumab treatment(47) and 16 weeks after initiation of ipilimumab.(19,48) The median onset time of adrenal insufficiency was shorter for ipilimumab than that for the anti-PD-1 antibody.”
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“Only one case report described the coexistence of adrenal insufficiency and pituitary corticotropin deficiency but hormonal blood tests are absent [25].”
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“At the onset, transient bilateral enlargement 102,103 and increased uptake of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose in the adrenal glands 104 have been reported using CT and PET, respectively.”
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Background
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“Min et al. presented an interesting case report of a 56-year-old woman with metastatic melanoma who developed central adrenal insufﬁciency coexisting with primary adrenal insufﬁciency after ipilimumab therapy [60].”
Background
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“The adrenal glands may initially enlarge [33, 35], with subsequent bilateral adrenal cortical atrophy [36] (Fig.”
Background
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“An (18)FDG-PET scan may show a transiently high uptake in the adrenal glands in patients with adrenalitis.(73)”
Background
Expert opinions on adrenal complications in immunotherapy
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“The most common are: hypophysitis, thyroiditis, and adrenal insufficiency [23,21,39].”
Background
Pharmacological and analytical interference in hormone assays for diagnosis of adrenal incidentaloma
Lopez, A.-G., Fraissinet, F., Lefèbvre, H., Brunel, V., & Ziegler, F. (2019) · Annales d Endocrinologie · doi:10.1016/j.ando.2018.11.006 · Cited by 14
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Combined Hypophysitis and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Related to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Fujita, Y., Kamitani, F., Yamamoto, M., Fukuoka, H., Hirota, Y., Nishiyama, N., Goda, N., Okada, Y., Inaba, Y., Nakajima, H., et al. (2023) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/jendso/bvad002 · Cited by 7
“Multiple endocrine disorders other than the combination of hypophysitis and T1DM were reported in 5 cases of hypophysitis and thyroiditis [26], 1 case of primary adrenocortical insufficiency and thyroiditis [27], and 2 cases of hypophysitis and primary adrenocortical insufficiency [28, 29].”
Background
Pituitary and adrenal disorders induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors
Albarel, F., Brue, T. C., & Castinetti, F. (2023) · Annales d Endocrinologie · doi:10.1016/j.ando.2023.03.014 · Cited by 7
Imaging manifestations of immune-related adverse effects in checkpoint inhibitor therapies: A primer for the radiologist
Furtado, V. F., Melamud, K., Hassan, K., Rohatgi, S., & Buch, K. A. (2020) · Clinical Imaging · doi:10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.02.006 · Cited by 7
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related adrenal hypofunction and Psoriasisby induced by tislelizumab: A case report and review of literature
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“[18] Abdominal imaging of ICIs-associated AI may show evidences of adrenalitis, presenting bilateral enlarged adrenals with relatively smooth borders, [19] but the imaging results have also been reported to be normal.”
Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors and kidney disease
Wang, Q., Moledina, D. G., & Sise, M. E. (2022) · Current Opinion in Nephrology & Hypertension · doi:10.1097/mnh.0000000000000805 · Cited by 6
Presumptive iatrogenic hypoadrenocorticism induced by high-dose ketoconazole administration in a dog
Hernandez‐Bures, A., White, A., & Riordan, L. L. (2019) · Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/jvim.15604 · Cited by 7
Metabolic consequences of immune checkpoint inhibitors: A new challenge in clinical practice
Parthymos, I., Liamis, G. L., Dounousi, E. C., Pentheroudakis, G. E., Mauri, D., Zarkavelis, G., & Florentin, M. (2020) · Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology · doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.102979 · Cited by 6
Isolated autoimmune adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency: A positive predictor of survival among cancer patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors
Aviv-Shimoni, S., Uri, I., Milloh-Raz, H., & Percik, R. (2023) · Autoimmunity Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103387 · Cited by 5
Thyroid Dysfunction from Treatments for Solid Organ Cancers
Kotwal, A., & McLeod, D. S. A. (2022) · Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2021.12.006 · Cited by 5
Endocrine dysfunctions during treatment of immune-checkpoint inhibitors
Inaba, H., Ariyasu, H., Okuhira, H., Yamamoto, Y., Akamatsu, H., Katsuda, M., Jinnin, M., Hara, I., & Akamizu, T. (2020) · Trends in Immunotherapy · doi:10.24294/ti.v4.i1.606 · Cited by 5
Risk factors for endocrinological immune-related adverse events in patients with renal cell carcinoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Marrano, N., Caporusso, M., Ganini, C., Borraccino, A., Cignarelli, A., Perrini, S., Laviola, L., Porta, C., Giorgino, F., & Natalicchio, A. (2025) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-025-02732-z · Cited by 5
“Unlike findings from larger studies involving diverse cancer populations [19, 24, 25, 27, 42 – 45], in our cohort, age, sex, and BMI were not identified as significant risk fac - tors for the development of endocrine irAEs.”
Immune checkpoint inhibitors-related endocrinopathies exhibit increased severity in breast cancer patients: a real-world study
Gao, R., Li, C., Zhang, S., Liao, N., & Guan, H. (2024) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-024-03859-4 · Cited by 3
Ipilimumab-Induced Hypophysitis May Not Affect All Pituitary Cell Lines: A Case Report
Kotwal, A., Rao, S. N., & Haas, R. A. (2015) · Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.14740/jem.v5i5.287 · Cited by 3
“Although the most commonly reported endocrinopathy is hypophysitis, rarely thyroiditis and occasionally adrenalitis [4-7] have been reported.”
Background
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated New-Onset Primary Adrenal Insufficiency: A Retrospective Analysis Using The FAERSPreprint
Lu, D., Yao, J., Yuan, G., Gao, Y., Zhang, J., & Guo, X. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-702598/v1 · Cited by 3
Case Reports of Pituitary Adrenocortical Insufficiency Following Atezolizumab+Bevacizumab Therapy for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Moriyama, E., Iwamoto, H., Niizeki, T., et al. (2024) · Kanzo · doi:10.2957/kanzo.65.37 · Cited by 2
TSH-Free Thyroxine Discordance in an Athyreotic Patient During Ipiluminab and Nivoluminab Therapy
Jonklaas, J. (2015) · AACE Clinical Case Reports · doi:10.4158/ep15975.cr · Cited by 2
Ipilimumab-Induced Hypophysitis May Not Affect All Pituitary Cell Lines: A Case Report
Kotwal, A., Rao, S. N., & Haas, R. A. (2015) · Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.14740/jem287w · Cited by 3
Hipofisitis y adrenalitis asociada al uso de inhibidores del punto de control inmunitario
Ramos, A. F. G., Betancur, S. S., González-Arango, J., Vargas, L. V. E., & Monsalve, C. (2022) · Revista Colombiana de Endocrinología Diabetes & Metabolismo · doi:10.53853/encr.9.3.744 · Cited by 2
An analysis of early morning acth levels in the first case of pembrolizumab-induced adrenalitis as a delayed immune-related event (dire) – case study
Harsch, I. A., Gritsaenko, A., & Konturek, P. C. (2020) · Wiadomości Lekarskie · doi:10.36740/wlek202002136 · Cited by 2
“The “natural” course of CPI-induced adrenalitis in terms of imaging seems to be an initial enlargement of the adrenal glands, followed by a progressive loss of endocrine function and volume towards the initial size [14].”
Background
Organ-specific Adverse Events of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy, with Special Reference to Endocrinopathies
George, A. S., Fernandez, C. J., Eapen, D., & Pappachan, J. M. (2021) · touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology · doi:10.17925/ee.2021.1.1.21 · Cited by 1
Toxicities of Novel Antineoplastic Therapies
Rajha, E., & Yeung, S. J. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-67123-5_53 · Cited by 1
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-associated New-onset Primary Adrenal Insufficiency: A Retrospective Analysis Using the FAERSPreprint
Lu, D., Yao, J., Yuan, G., Gao, Y., Zhang, J., & Guo, X. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-702598/v2 · Cited by 1
Cancer Immunotherapy Related Endocrine Adverse Effects
Kim, H., Cho, S. W., & Park, Y. J. (2019) · International Journal of Thyroidology · doi:10.11106/ijt.2019.12.2.97
Endocrinopathies Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Girotra, M. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-76097-3.00024-7

Authors: Min, L., & Ibrahim, N.
Affiliations: Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (US)
ORCID: Min, Le
Ibrahim, Nageatte
Venue: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-11
Volume: 1
Issue: 3
Pages: e15
ISSN: 2213-8587 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(13)70031-7
PMC: PMC4106239
OpenAlex: W2032060513
Cited by: 112
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1
FWCI: 3.42
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T32DK007529)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (K08HD070957)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
Keywords: ipilimumab, autoimmune adrenalitis, Addison's disease, secondary adrenal insufficiency, CTLA-4 blockade, melanoma, hypophysitis, aldosterone, hydrocortisone replacement
MeSH terms: Ipilimumab, Adrenal Gland Diseases, Adrenal Insufficiency, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Autoimmune Diseases, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Melanoma, Middle Aged, Tomography, X-Ray Computed

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