CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 449Diabetes Management and EducationDiabetes Management and ResearchCOVID-19 and Mental Health

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 98 of the 99 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Constructs of depression and distress in diabetes: time for an appraisal

Open access
Snoek, Frank J, Bremmer, Marijke A, Hermanns, Norbert·2015·The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
DOI 10.1016/s2213-8587(15)00135-7
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Depression presents in roughly 20% of people with diabetes worldwide, and adversely affects quality of life and treatment outcomes. The causes of depression in diabetes are poorly understood, but research suggests a bi-directional association, at least for type 2 diabetes. Inconsistent findings regarding prevalence and depression treatment outcomes in patients with diabetes seem partly attributable to inconsistencies in the definition and measurement of depression and in distinguishing it from diabetes-distress, a psychological concept related to depression. We review evidence suggesting that diabetes-distress and depression are correlated and overlapping constructs, but are not interchangeable. Importantly, diabetes-distress seems to mediate the association between depression and glycaemic control. We propose a model to explain the direct and indirect effects of depression and diabetes-distress on glycaemic control. Additionally, using emerging insights from data-driven approaches, we suggest three distinct symptom profiles to define depression in patients with diabetes that could help explain differential associations between depression and metabolic abnormalities, and to tailor interventions for depression. Future research should focus on further refining depression profiles in patients with diabetes, taking into account the natural history of diabetes and depression, clinical characteristics, and diabetes-distress. The assessment of diabetes-distress and depression in research and clinical practice will be essential to identify high-risk patients with different mental health needs.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s2213-8587(15)00135-7

Cites

98 of 98 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so the self-check wasn’t run.

Citations

Cites

Show all 99 references

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 449

Related

Metadata

Authors
Snoek, F. J., Bremmer, M. A., & Hermanns, N.
Affiliations
  • Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
  • Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
  • Forschungsinstitut der Diabetes Akademie Mergentheim (DE)
Corresponding author
Snoek, Frank J
ORCID
Venue
The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-06
Volume
3
Issue
6
Pages
450-460
ISSN
2213-8587 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s2213-8587(15)00135-7
OpenAlex
W2157392730
Cited by
449
References
99
Citations by year
2026: 32 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 61 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 10
FWCI
5.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
Keywords
depression, diabetes distress, type 2 diabetes, glycemic control, depression measurement, depression treatment outcomes, symptom profiles, mediation model, quality of life, mental health in diabetes
MeSH terms
Anxiety, Depression, Diabetes Mellitus, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Mental Health Services, Models, Biological, Models, Psychological, Severity of Illness Index, Time Factors, Comorbidity, Biomedical Research

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review