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Mental health effects of school closures during COVID-19
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In the citing paper
“This may be because college students are more vulnerable to negative events and tend to feel more anxious, depressed or stressed during COVID-19 than during normal times (Gloster et al., 2020;Lee, 2020;Tuo et al., 2021).”
From Online Self-Help Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Module for College Students with Higher Gaming Disorder During COVID-19: A Pilot Study (2023) · cites this paper as Lee, 2020
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Consequently, the constraint of movement imposed on them can have a long term negative effect on their overall psychological wellbeing (Lee, 2020).”
From Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health of children and adolescents: A narrative review with recommendations (2020) · cites this paper as Lee, 2020
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“With the closure of special schools and day care centres these children lack access to resource material, peer group interactions and opportunities of learning and developing important social and behavioural skills in due time may lead to regression to the past behavior as they lose anchor in life, as a result of this their symptoms could relapse (Lee, 2020).”
From Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health of children and adolescents: A narrative review with recommendations (2020) · cites this paper as Lee, 2020
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“A study found that older adolescents and youth are anxious regarding cancellation of examinations, exchange programs and academic events (Lee, 2020).”
From Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health of children and adolescents: A narrative review with recommendations (2020) · cites this paper as Lee, 2020
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Unfortunately, the nationwide closures of schools and colleges have negatively impacted over 91% of the world's student population (Lee, 2020).”
From Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health of children and adolescents: A narrative review with recommendations (2020) · cites this paper as Lee, 2020
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Some children have expressed lower levels of affect for not being able to play outdoors, not meeting friends and not engaging in the in-person school activities (Lee, 2020; Liu et al., 2020; Zhai and Du, 2020).”
From Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health of children and adolescents: A narrative review with recommendations (2020) · cites this paper as Lee, 2020
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The adults and older children were the respondents of the study(Lee, 2020; Liu et al., 2020; Viner et al., 2020b; Wang et al., 2020).”
From Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health of children and adolescents: A narrative review with recommendations (2020) · cites this paper as Lee, 2020
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Peer support groups, face-to-face services, and telephone support services can be challenging for some children [2].”
From Mental Health of Children and Adolescents Amidst COVID-19 and Past Pandemics: A Rapid Systematic Review (2021) · cites this paper as [2]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“There was a marked decline in child and teenage mental health worldwide during the pandemic, with increasing prevalence of depression, anxiety, and suicide.”
From Psychological Interventions and Those With Elements of Positive Psychology for Child and Youth Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Literature Review, Lessons Learned, and Areas for Future Knowledge Dissemination (2024) · cites this paper as [1]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Additionally, social isolation poses a risk factor for domestic violence, and an increase in worries related to the future, like school success, university access, and employment chances, has been noted [18].”
From Effectiveness of Online and Remote Interventions for Mental Health in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults After the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2024) · cites this paper as [18]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Additionally, social isolation poses a risk factor for domestic violence, and an increase in worries related to the future, like school success, university access, and employment chances, has been noted [18].”
From Effectiveness of Online and Remote Interventions for Mental Health in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults After the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2024) · cites this paper as [18]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Published reports suggest that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a negative effect on children’s mental health (1,2).”
From Mental Health–Related Emergency Department Visits Among Children Aged <18 Years During the COVID-19 Pandemic — United States, January 1–October 17, 2020 (2020) · cites this paper as [1]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Current studies related to COVID-19 demonstrate that school shut downs in isolation prevent about 2-4% additional deaths which is quite less if compared to usage of other measures of social distancing.”
From Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health of children and adolescents: A narrative review with recommendations (2020) · cites this paper as Lee, 2020
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Recent theoretical work suggests online learning poses significant barriers for adolescents [9,11]”
From “I Hate This”: A Qualitative Analysis of Adolescents' Self-Reported Challenges During the COVID-19 Pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“Subsidized meal programs, vaccination clinics, and school nurses are also crucial resources for youth health care, which are now severely limited or unavailable [9,11].”
From “I Hate This”: A Qualitative Analysis of Adolescents' Self-Reported Challenges During the COVID-19 Pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as [11]
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Citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Racine, N., McArthur, B. A., Cooke, J. E., Eirich, R., Zhu, J., & Madigan, S. (2021) · JAMA Pediatrics · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.2482 · Cited by 2,805
Singh, S., Roy, D., Sinha, K., Parveen, S., Sharma, G., & Joshi, G. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113429 · Cited by 1,727
“Consequently, the constraint of movement imposed on them can have a long term negative effect on their overall psychological wellbeing (Lee, 2020).”
InfluentialVaccine hesitancy: the next challenge in the fight against COVID-19
Dror, A. A., Eisenbach, N., Taiber, S., Morozov, N. G., Mizrachi, M., Zigron, A., Srouji, S., & Sela, E. (2020) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-020-00671-y · Cited by 1,717
Well-being of parents and children during the COVID-19 pandemic: A national survey
Patrick, S. W., Henkhaus, L. E., Zickafoose, J. S., Lovell, K., Halvorson, A., Loch, S., Letterie, M., & Davis, M. M. (2020) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2020-016824 · Cited by 1,200
Adolescent psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown
Guessoum, S. B., Lachal, J., Radjack, R., Carretier, E., Minassian, S., Benoit, L., & Moro, M. R. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113264 · Cited by 1,025
Metadata
- Authors
- Lee, J.
- Corresponding author
- Lee, Joyce
- Venue
- The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-06
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 421
- ISSN
- 2352-4642 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7156240
- OpenAlex
- W3016529082
- Cited by
- 1,882
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 49 · 2025: 109 · 2024: 175 · 2023: 318 · 2022: 466 · 2021: 517 · 2020: 246
- FWCI
- 154.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2020-06-01)
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Education › Education during COVID-19 pandemic
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- school closures, COVID-19 pandemic, mental health, children and adolescents, educational disruption, social distancing, school suspension
- MeSH terms
- Child Health, COVID-19, Adolescent, Child, Humans, Mental Health, Pneumonia, Viral, Schools, Stress, Psychological, Coronavirus Infections, Pandemics
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