Histomorphometric analysis of the effects of osteocyte density on osteonal morphology and remodeling
Abstract
Osteocytes, the most abundant cells in the cortical bone matrix, are thought to have mechanosensory and chemosensory regulatory roles. Marotti theorized that osteocytes signal to osteoblasts to recruit them into the osteocyte lineage. Martin extended this theory, assuming that osteocytes display a general inhibitory effect on osteoblast function. The current study provides a quantitative analysis of the relationships between osteonal osteocyte density (Ot.N/BV), wall width (W.Wi), individual osteon porosity (IOP), and formation period (FP) in ulnar cortices from sheep labeled with tetracycline and calcein double labels. We postulated that osteocytes inhibit refilling so that the osteon wall width is thin enough, and the haversian canal is large enough, to allow adequate delivery of nutrients to the osteocytes throughout the forming and completed osteon. Therefore we tested the hypotheses that Ot.N/BV correlates negatively to FP and W.Wi, and positively to IOP, and that FP correlates positively with W.Wi. We found that Ot.N/BV correlated positively with IOP (P < 0.0001) and W.Wi correlated positively with FP (P < 0.0001). Significant negative correlations were observed between Ot.N/BV and both W.Wi (P < 0.0001) and FP (P = 0.006). These data support the general hypothesis that osteocytes contribute to the regulation of osteon morphology via the control of refilling rate and formation period, and the specific hypotheses that, for a given cement line diameter, high osteocyte density (1) reduces the rate of refilling and decreases the formation period and (2) decreases wall width and increases individual osteon porosity.
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Osteocytes represent more than 90% of bone cells in the adult skeleton, with an average cell density highly dependent on the species, bone anatomical site, and subject analyzed.
“Osteocytes represent more than 90% of bone cells in the adult skeleton14 with a average cell density highly dependent on the specie, bone anatomical site, and subiect analyzed.15”
From Bone remodeling: an operational process ensuring survival and bone mechanical competence (2022) · cites this paper as [15]
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- Authors
- Metz, L. N., Martin, R. B., & Turner, A. S.
- Affiliations
- University of California Davis Medical Center (US)
- Colorado State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Martin, R.Bruce
- ORCID
- Metz, Lionel N
- Venue
- Bone
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-11
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 753-759
- ISSN
- 1873-2763 (ISSN-L)
- 8756-3282
- OpenAlex
- W2119247732
- Cited by
- 81
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 1.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Bone (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Alkaline Phosphatase Research Studies
- Keywords
- osteocytes, osteocyte density, formation period, cortical bone, sheep
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Count, Female, Osteocytes, Sheep, Ulna, Bone Remodeling
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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