The DOI matches its Crossref record.
The Geometry of Ecological Interactions: Simplifying Spatial Complexity
Abstract
The field of theoretical ecology has expanded dramatically in the last few years. This volume gives detailed coverage of the main developing areas in spatial ecological theory, and is written by world experts in the field. Integrating the perspective from field ecology with novel methods for simplifying spatial complexity, it offers a didactical treatment with a gradual increase in mathematical sophistication from beginning to end. In addition, the volume features introductions to those fundamental phenomena in spatial ecology where emerging spatial patterns influence ecological outcomes quantitatively. An appreciation of the consequences of this is required if ecological theory is to move on in the 21st century. Written for reseachers and graduate students in theoretical, evolutionary and spatial ecology, applied mathematics and spatial statistics, it will be seen as a ground breaking treatment of modern spatial ecological theory.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The growing family of the Metabolically Coupled Replicator System (MCRS) models offer a chemically and ecologically feasible spatial mechanism for the robust maintenance of a metabolically active set of different ribozymes attached to mineral surfaces”
From Ecology and Evolution in the RNA World Dynamics and Stability of Prebiotic Replicator Systems (2017) · cites this paper as [33]
In the citing paper
“Unlike the mean-field version, the stochastic (lattice) implementation of the spatially explicit MCRS model keeps all the metabolic replicators coexistent and shows robust ecological stability (Figure 9) [33,36,37].”
From Ecology and Evolution in the RNA World Dynamics and Stability of Prebiotic Replicator Systems (2017) · cites this paper as [33]
In the citing paper
“The MCRS models have shown robust ecological stability against changing the replicator degradation rates (which correspond to environmental perturbations), by applying both sequence-length-dependent and -independent decay rates [33,36].”
From Ecology and Evolution in the RNA World Dynamics and Stability of Prebiotic Replicator Systems (2017) · cites this paper as [33]
Citations
Cites
Still being checked.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Local dispersal promotes biodiversity in a real-life game of rock–paper–scissors
Kerr, B., Riley, M. A., Feldman, M. W., & Bohannan, B. J. M. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature00823 · Cited by 1,593
Spatial analysis a guide for ecologists
Fortin, M., & Dale, M. R. T. (2005) · Cited by 1,214
Evolutionary Dynamics of Biological Games
Nowak, M. A., & Sigmund, K. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1093411 · Cited by 1,184
Spatial Analysis: A Guide for Ecologists
Fortin, M.-J., & Dale, M. R. T. (2005) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511542039 · Cited by 991
Models of cooperation based on the Prisoner's Dilemma and the Snowdrift game
Doebeli, M., & Hauert, C. (2005) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00773.x · Cited by 868
Density estimation in live‐trapping studies
Efford, M. G. (2004) · Oikos · doi:10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.13043.x · Cited by 760
Speciation along environmental gradients
Doebeli, M., & Dieckmann, U. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01274 · Cited by 694
Building the bridge between animal movement and population dynamics
Morales, J. M., Moorcroft, P. R., Matthiopoulos, J., Frair, J. L., Kie, J. G., Powell, R. A., Merrill, E. H., & Haydon, D. T. (2010) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2010.0082 · Cited by 590
The Community-Level Consequences of Seed Dispersal Patterns
Levine, J. M., & Murrell, D. J. (2003) · Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.34.011802.132400 · Cited by 472
Measles Metapopulation Dynamics: A Gravity Model for Epidemiological Coupling and Dynamics
Xia, Y., Bjørnstad, O. N., & Grenfell, B. T. (2004) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/422341 · Cited by 335
The geographic scaling of biotic interactions
Araújo, M. B., & Rozenfeld, A. (2014) · Ecography · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0587.2013.00643.x · Cited by 327
An individual-based process model to simulate landscape-scale forest ecosystem dynamics
Seidl, R., Rammer, W., Scheller, R. M., & Spies, T. A. (2012) · Ecological Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.02.015 · Cited by 311
Cousens, R. D., Dytham, C., & Law, R. (2008) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199299126.001.0001 · Cited by 257
Metz, J. A. J., & Gyllenberg, M. (2001) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2000.1373 · Cited by 236
Self‐structuring in spatial evolutionary ecology
Lion, S., & van Baalen, M. (2007) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01132.x · Cited by 232
Local Interactions Select for Lower Pathogen Infectivity
Boots, M., & Mealor, M. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1137126 · Cited by 226
Habitat structure and population persistence in an experimental community
Ellner, S. P., McCauley, E., Kendall, B. E., Briggs, C. J., Hosseini, P. R., Wood, S. N., Janssen, A., Sabelis, M. W., Turchin, P., Nisbet, R. M., et al. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35087580 · Cited by 208
Estimating spatial coupling in epidemiological systems: a mechanistic approach
Keeling, M. J., & Rohani, P. (2002) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1046/j.1461-0248.2002.00268.x · Cited by 205
Berger, U., Piou, C., Schiffers, K. H., & Grimm, V. (2008) · Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics · doi:10.1016/j.ppees.2007.11.002 · Cited by 199
Scale effects and extrapolation in ecological experiments
Englund, G., & Cooper, S. D. (2003) · Advances in ecological research/Advances in Ecological Research · doi:10.1016/s0065-2504(03)33011-9 · Cited by 192
Population dynamics in changing environments: the case of an eruptive forest pest species
Kausrud, K., Økland, B., Skarpaas, O., Grégoire, J., Erbilgin, N., & Stenseth, N. C. (2011) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1469-185x.2011.00183.x · Cited by 177
Evolution of the distribution of dispersal distance under distance-dependent cost of dispersal
Rousset, F., & Gandon, S. (2002) · Journal of Evolutionary Biology · doi:10.1046/j.1420-9101.2002.00430.x · Cited by 172
On moment closures for population dynamics in continuous space
Murrell, D. J., Dieckmann, U., & Law, R. (2004) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2004.04.013 · Cited by 165
On the role of spatial stochastic models in understanding landscape indices in ecology
Fortin, M., Boots, B. N., Csillag, F., & Remmel, T. K. (2003) · Oikos · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0706.2003.12447.x · Cited by 163
Berec, L. (2002) · Ecological Modelling · doi:10.1016/s0304-3800(01)00463-x · Cited by 162
Dos and don'ts when inferring assembly rules from diversity patterns
Münkemüller, T., Gallien, L., Pollock, L. J., Barros, C., Carboni, M., Chalmandrier, L., Mazel, F., Mokany, K., Roquet, C., Smyčka, J., et al. (2020) · Global Ecology and Biogeography · doi:10.1111/geb.13098 · Cited by 153
Social evolution in structured populations
Débarre, F., Hauert, C., & Doebeli, M. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms4409 · Cited by 149
Szabó, P., Scheuring, I., Czárán, T., & Szathmáry, E. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01187 · Cited by 153
Uniting pattern and process in plant ecology
Murrell, D. J., Purves, D. W., & Law, R. (2001) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/s0169-5347(01)02292-3 · Cited by 144
Multiple effects of shrubs on annual plant communities in arid lands of South Australia
Facelli, J. M., & Temby, A. M. (2002) · Austral Ecology · doi:10.1046/j.1442-9993.2002.01196.x · Cited by 142
Cohen, T., Colijn, C., Finklea, B., & Murray, M. B. (2006) · Journal of The Royal Society Interface · doi:10.1098/rsif.2006.0193 · Cited by 144
Raventós, J., Wiegand, T., & de Luis, M. (2010) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/09-0385.1 · Cited by 126
Adaptive Evolution of Social Traits: Origin, Trajectories, and Correlations of Altruism and Mobility
Galliard, J. L., Ferrière, R., & Dieckmann, U. (2005) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/427090 · Cited by 126
Muller‐Landau, H. C. (2007) · Biotropica · doi:10.1111/j.1744-7429.2007.00290.x · Cited by 123
Evolutionary stability on graphs
Ohtsuki, H., & Nowak, M. A. (2008) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2008.01.005 · Cited by 124
Forest Stand Inventory Based on Combined Aerial and Terrestrial Close-Range Photogrammetry
Mikita, T., Janata, P., & Surový, P. (2016) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f7080165 · Cited by 117
Kuehn, C. (2016) · Understanding complex systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-28028-8_13 · Cited by 116
Spatial structure and nutrients promote invasion of IncP-1 plasmids in bacterial populations
Fox, R., Zhong, X., Krone, S. M., & Top, E. M. (2008) · The ISME Journal · doi:10.1038/ismej.2008.53 · Cited by 117
Fine‐scale spatial structure in a grassland community: quantifying the plant’s‐eye view
Purves, D. W., & Law, R. (2002) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1046/j.0022-0477.2001.00652.x · Cited by 114
Invasion and adaptive evolution for individual-based spatially structured populations
Champagnat, N., & Méléard, S. (2007) · Journal of Mathematical Biology · doi:10.1007/s00285-007-0072-z · Cited by 113
Stochastic evolutionary dynamics of direct reciprocity
Imhof, L. A., & Nowak, M. A. (2009) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2009.1171 · Cited by 111
Intrinsic Scaling Complexity in Animal Dispersion and Abundance
Gautestad, A. O., & Mysterud, I. (2004) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/426673 · Cited by 109
Cluster size distributions: signatures of self–organization in spatial ecologies
Pascual, M., Roy, M., Guichard, F., & Flierl, G. R. (2002) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2001.0983 · Cited by 107
Adaptive models for large herbivore movements in heterogeneous landscapes
Morales, J. M., Fortin, D., Frair, J. L., & Merrill, E. H. (2005) · Landscape Ecology · doi:10.1007/s10980-005-0061-9 · Cited by 106
Beckman, N. G., & Rogers, H. S. (2013) · Biotropica · doi:10.1111/btp.12071 · Cited by 105
Space, time and complexity in plant dispersal ecology
Robledo‐Arnuncio, J. J., Klein, E. K., Muller‐Landau, H. C., & Santamarı́a, L. (2014) · Movement Ecology · doi:10.1186/s40462-014-0016-3 · Cited by 105
A group selection perspective on economic behavior, institutions and organizations
van den Bergh, J. C. J. M., & Gowdy, J. M. (2009) · Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization · doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2009.04.017 · Cited by 106
Input-output relations in biological systems: measurement, information and the Hill equation
Frank, S. A. (2013) · Biology Direct · doi:10.1186/1745-6150-8-31 · Cited by 99
Modelling the spatial dynamics of plasmid transfer and persistence
Krone, S. M., Lu, R., Fox, R., Suzuki, H., & Top, E. M. (2007) · Microbiology · doi:10.1099/mic.0.2006/004531-0 · Cited by 98
Multiple effects of shrubs on annual plant communities in arid lands of South Australia
Facelli, J. M., & Temby, A. M. (2008) · Austral Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1442-9993.2002.tb00190.x · Cited by 99
Space and stochasticity in population dynamics
Ovaskainen, O., & Cornell, S. J. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0603994103 · Cited by 97
Experimental demonstration of species coexistence enabled by dispersal limitation
Yu, D. W., Wilson, H. B., Frederickson, M. E., Palomino, W., Colina, R. D. L., Edwards, D. P., & BALARESO, A. A. (2004) · Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.0021-8790.2004.00877.x · Cited by 96
A general mathematical framework for the analysis of spatiotemporal point processes
Ovaskainen, O., Finkelshtein, D. L., Kutoviy, O. V., Cornell, S. J., Bolker, B. M., & Kondratiev, Y. (2013) · Theoretical Ecology · doi:10.1007/s12080-013-0202-8 · Cited by 91
How mutation affects evolutionary games on graphs
Allen, B., Traulsen, A., Tarnita, C. E., & Nowak, M. A. (2011) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2011.03.034 · Cited by 93
From noise to knowledge: how randomness generates novel phenomena and reveals information
Boettiger, C. (2018) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/ele.13085 · Cited by 80
Optimizing dispersal study design by Monte Carlo simulation
Skarpaas, O., Shea, K., & Bullock, J. M. (2005) · Journal of Applied Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2005.01056.x · Cited by 74
McInerny, G., & Purves, D. W. (2011) · Methods in Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1111/j.2041-210x.2010.00077.x · Cited by 74
A spatially explicit approach to estimating species occupancy and spatial correlation
Hui, C., McGeoch, M. A., & Warren, M. (2005) · Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2656.2005.01029.x · Cited by 71
ON SPATIAL CONSENSUS FORMATION: IS THE SZNAJD MODEL DIFFERENT FROM A VOTER MODEL?
Behera, L., & Schweitzer, F. (2003) · International Journal of Modern Physics C · doi:10.1142/s0129183103005467 · Cited by 72
Benot, M., Bittebière, A.-K., Ernoult, A., Clément, B., & Mony, C. (2013) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12066 · Cited by 71
On the distribution of plant abundance data
Damgaard, C. F. (2009) · Ecological Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.ecoinf.2009.02.002 · Cited by 71
When can noise induce chaos and why does it matter: a critique
Ellner, S. P., & Turchin, P. (2005) · Oikos · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0706.2005.14129.x · Cited by 69
Diversity, competition, extinction: the ecophysics of language change
Solé, R. V., Corominas‐Murtra, B., & Fortuny, J. (2010) · Journal of The Royal Society Interface · doi:10.1098/rsif.2010.0110 · Cited by 70
Godsoe, W., Franklin, J., & Blanchet, F. G. (2016) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.2657 · Cited by 75
Competition between near and far dispersers in spatially structured habitats
Hiebeler, D. E. (2004) · Theoretical Population Biology · doi:10.1016/j.tpb.2004.06.004 · Cited by 70
Advancing an interdisciplinary framework to study seed dispersal ecology
Beckman, N. G., Aslan, C. E., Rogers, H. S., Kogan, O., Bronstein, J. L., Bullock, J. M., Hartig, F., Lambers, J. H. R., Zhou, Y., Zurell, D., et al. (2019) · AoB Plants · doi:10.1093/aobpla/plz048 · Cited by 71
Computational complexity of ecological and evolutionary spatial dynamics
Ibsen-Jensen, R., Chatterjee, K., & Nowak, M. A. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1511366112 · Cited by 68
Consequences of spatial patterns for coexistence in species-rich plant communities
Wiegand, T., Wang, X., Anderson‐Teixeira, K. J., Bourg, N. A., Cao, M., Ci, X., Davies, S. J., Hao, Z., Howe, R. W., Kress, W. J., et al. (2021) · Nature Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1038/s41559-021-01440-0 · Cited by 65
Damgaard, C., Weiner, J., & Nagashima, H. (2002) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2745.2002.00700.x · Cited by 73
Internicola, A. I., Juillet, N., Smithson, A., & Gigord, L. (2006) · Oecologia · doi:10.1007/s00442-006-0530-0 · Cited by 64
Satake, A., & Iwasa, Y. (2006) · Ecological Research · doi:10.1007/s11284-006-0167-9 · Cited by 64
The effect of competition on species' distributions depends on coexistence, rather than scale alone
Godsoe, W., Murray, R., & Plank, M. J. (2015) · Ecography · doi:10.1111/ecog.01134 · Cited by 64
Input-output relations in biological systems: measurement, information and the Hill equation
Frank, S. A. (2013) · eScholarship (California Digital Library) · Cited by 64
Selection for restraint in competitive ability in spatial competition systems
Johnson, C. R., & Seinen, I. (2002) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2001.1948 · Cited by 64
Investigating early hominin dispersal patterns: developing a framework for climate data integration
Hughes, J. K., Haywood, A. M., Mithen, S., Sellwood, B. W., & Valdes, P. J. (2007) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2006.12.011 · Cited by 63
Modelling Soil Erosion by Grazing: Recent Developments and New Approaches
Thornes, J. B. (2007) · Geographical Research · doi:10.1111/j.1745-5871.2007.00426.x · Cited by 62
From local interactions to population dynamics in site-based models of ecology
Johansson, A., & Sumpter, D. J. T. (2003) · Theoretical Population Biology · doi:10.1016/s0040-5809(03)00076-5 · Cited by 60
Global Migration Can Lead to Stronger Spatial Selection than Local Migration
Fu, F., & Nowak, M. A. (2012) · Journal of Statistical Physics · doi:10.1007/s10955-012-0631-6 · Cited by 59
The intertwined population biology of two Amazonian myrmecophytes and their symbiotic ants
Frederickson, M. E., & Gordon, D. M. (2009) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/08-0010.1 · Cited by 58
Adaptive Dynamics with Interaction Structure
Allen, B., Nowak, M. A., & Dieckmann, U. (2013) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/670192 · Cited by 58
On a three-parameter quantum battle of the sexes cellular automaton
Alonso‐Sanz, R. (2012) · Quantum Information Processing · doi:10.1007/s11128-012-0496-2 · Cited by 56
Distinguishing between mechanisms of cell aggregation using pair-correlation functions
Agnew, D. J. G., Green, J. E. F., Brown, T. M., Simpson, M. J., & Binder, B. J. (2014) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2014.02.033 · Cited by 56
Kin competition and the evolution of dispersal in an individual-based model
Bach, L. A., Thomsen, R., Pertoldi, C., & Loeschcke, V. (2005) · Ecological Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.07.026 · Cited by 56
Murrell, D. J. (2010) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/09-0832.1 · Cited by 53
SPATIAL PATTERN IN AN EPIDEMIC SYSTEM WITH CROSS-DIFFUSION OF THE SUSCEPTIBLE
Sun, G., Jin, Z., Liu, Q., & Li, L. (2009) · Journal of Biological Systems · doi:10.1142/s0218339009002843 · Cited by 55
Of sheep and rain: large‐scale population dynamics of the red kangaroo
Jonzén, N., Pople, A., Grigg, G. C., & Possingham, H. P. (2005) · Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2656.2005.00915.x · Cited by 55
Nonaka, E., & Holme, P. (2007) · Ecography · doi:10.1111/j.2007.0906-7590.05148.x · Cited by 54
Self-organized spatial pattern determines biodiversity in spatial competition
Vandermeer, J. H., & Yitbarek, S. (2012) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2012.01.005 · Cited by 54
Mixture enhances productivity in a two‐species forest: evidence from a modeling approach
Pérot, T., & Picard, N. (2011) · Ecological Research · doi:10.1007/s11284-011-0873-9 · Cited by 53
Stochasticity, invasions, and branching random walks
Kot, M., Medlock, J., Reluga, T. C., & Walton, D. B. (2004) · Theoretical Population Biology · doi:10.1016/j.tpb.2004.05.005 · Cited by 53
Wilson, A. G. (2006) · Environment and Planning A Economy and Space · doi:10.1068/a37102 · Cited by 53
DETERMINING NATURAL SCALES OF ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
Habeeb, R. L., Trebilco, J., Wotherspoon, S. J., & Johnson, C. R. (2005) · Ecological Monographs · doi:10.1890/04-1415 · Cited by 53
Distribution patterns of metapopulation determined by Allee effects
Hui, C., & Li, Z. (2004) · Population Ecology · doi:10.1007/s10144-004-0171-2 · Cited by 53
Theropithecus and ‘Out of Africa’ dispersal in the Plio-Pleistocene
Hughes, J. K., Elton, S., & O’Regan, H. J. (2007) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.06.004 · Cited by 53
Raghib, M., Hill, N. A., & Dieckmann, U. (2010) · Journal of Mathematical Biology · doi:10.1007/s00285-010-0345-9 · Cited by 52
Lee, S.-H., Bardunias, P. M., & Su, N. (2006) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.07.026 · Cited by 51
Asymptotically exact analysis of stochastic metapopulation dynamics with explicit spatial structure
Ovaskainen, O., & Cornell, S. J. (2005) · Theoretical Population Biology · doi:10.1016/j.tpb.2005.05.005 · Cited by 50
Takasu, F. (2009) · Population Ecology · doi:10.1007/s10144-009-0145-5 · Cited by 50
Spatiotemporal Dynamics in Marginal Populations
Antonovics, J., McKane, A. J., & Newman, T. J. (2005) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/498539 · Cited by 50
Modelling pin-point plant cover data along an environmental gradient
Damgaard, C. F. (2008) · Ecological Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.03.012 · Cited by 49
Metadata
- Venue
- Cambridge University Press eBooks
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press
- Published
- 2000-05-04
- OpenAlex
- W1586507888
- Cited by
- 360
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 22.85
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cambridge University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Applied Mathematics › Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Keywords
- spatial ecology, ecological interactions, spatial patterns, spatial complexity, theoretical ecology
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
