Slavery in the Roman Republic
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Republican period of Rome's history occupied half a millennium, from the late sixth century to the late first century bc . It was characterised by a form of government that distributed public rights and responsibilities among a group of interdependent entities – magistrates, senate, citizens – in a cohesive system intended to prevent the monopolisation of political power by a single individual. At the beginning of the period Rome was a small city-state, comparable to and no more distinctive than many other communities in peninsular, especially central, Italy. By the end of the period it was by far the largest city in the ancient Mediterranean world – larger than any other European city until the modern era – with a population conventionally estimated at close to one million. It controlled a vast empire embracing much of continental Europe, parts of North Africa, and regions in the Near East, and indirectly its influence extended further still. The preservation of political freedom within the civic community was a hallmark of Republican government, but it did not deter or prevent Romans from subjecting others to their will. There are no contemporary sources to show with any certainty how the Republican form of government was instituted. Later Romans believed that it came into existence as a reaction against tyrannical rule exercised in the sixth century by a sequence of overlords of foreign, especially Etruscan, origin (which modern scholarship denies). At no point, however, was the constitution given written form.
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Enslaved persons in the Roman Republic were items of property over which their owners had complete powers of disposal.
“Bradley (2011, p 242) describes enslaved persons in the Roman Republic (late sixth century to late first century BC) as ' items of property over which their owners had complete powers of disposal ' .”
From Collapsing the Boundaries Between De Jure and De Facto Slavery: The Foundations of Slavery Beyond the Transatlantic Frame (2020) · cites this paper as Bradley 2011, p 242
The slave in this world is the ultimately degraded member of society, an object held in violating subjection, compelled by the ever-present threat of force to obey the instructions of the master.
“As Bradley (2011, p 246) observes: ' The slave in this world is the ultimately degraded member of society, an object held in violating subjection … compelled by the ever-present threat of force to obey the instructions of the”
From Collapsing the Boundaries Between De Jure and De Facto Slavery: The Foundations of Slavery Beyond the Transatlantic Frame (2020) · cites this paper as Bradley 2011, p 246
The Twelve Tables created lower penalties for injuries to enslaved persons, judging them to be inherently of lesser value than non-slaves, and more severe penalties for violations committed by enslaved persons.
“The Twelve Tables created lower penalties for injuries to enslaved persons (judging them to be inherently of lesser value than non-slaves), and more severe penalties for violations committed by enslaved persons (Bradley 2011, p 243).”
From Collapsing the Boundaries Between De Jure and De Facto Slavery: The Foundations of Slavery Beyond the Transatlantic Frame (2020) · cites this paper as Bradley 2011, p 243
Bradley describes slavery in the Roman Republic as a 'state of complete non-being' in which persons enslaved lacked all rights and personhood.
“Bradley (2011, p 242) describes slavery in the Roman Republic as a ' state of complete non-being ' in which persons enslaved lacked all rights and personhood.”
From Collapsing the Boundaries Between De Jure and De Facto Slavery: The Foundations of Slavery Beyond the Transatlantic Frame (2020) · cites this paper as Bradley 2011, p 242
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Schwarz, K., & Nicholson, A. (2020) · Human Rights Review · doi:10.1007/s12142-020-00604-y · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“The Twelve Tables created lower penalties for injuries to enslaved persons (judging them to be inherently of lesser value than non-slaves), and more severe penalties for violations committed by enslaved persons (Bradley 2011, p 243).”
Background
- Authors
- Bradley, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Notre Dame (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bradley, Keith
- Venue
- The Cambridge World History of Slavery
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press
- Published
- 2011-03-07
- Pages
- 241-264
- OpenAlex
- W2492653699
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 755
- Citations by year
- 2024: 3 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 158.81
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cambridge University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Classical Antiquity Studies
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Historical and Literary Studies
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Colonialism, slavery, and trade
- Keywords
- slavery, Roman Republic, Roman Empire, political freedom, Roman constitution, Roman citizenship, ancient Rome
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