Stearic acids at sn-1, 3 positions of TAG are more efficient at limiting fat deposition than palmitic and oleic acids in C57BL/6 mice
Open accessAbstract
In the present study, we investigated the effect of long-acyl chain SFA, namely palmitic acid (16 : 0) and stearic acid (18 : 0), at sn-1, 3 positions of TAG on obesity. Throughout the 15 weeks of the experimental period, C57BL/6 mice were fed diets fortified with cocoa butter, sal stearin (SAL), palm mid fraction (PMF) and high-oleic sunflower oil (HOS). The sn-1, 3 positions were varied by 16 : 0, 18 : 0 and 18 : 1, whilst the sn-2 position was preserved with 18 : 1. The HOS-enriched diet was found to lead to the highest fat deposition. This was in accordance with our previous postulation. Upon normalisation of total fat deposited with food intake to obtain the fat:feed ratio, interestingly, mice fed the SAL-enriched diet exhibited significantly lower visceral fat/feed and total fat/feed compared with those fed the PMF-enriched diet, despite their similarity in SFA–unsaturated fatty acid–SFA profile. That long-chain SFA at sn-1, 3 positions concomitantly with an unsaturated FA at the sn-2 position exert an obesity-reducing effect was further validated. The present study is the first of its kind to demonstrate that SFA of different chain lengths at sn-1, 3 positions exert profound effects on fat accretion.
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Fats with high proportions of stearic acid at sn-1,3 positions (cocoa butter) exhibited the lowest VAT and total body fat deposition.
“Indeed, fats with high proportions of stearic acid at sn -1, 3 positions [cocoa butter (COB)] exhibited the lowest V AT and total body fat deposition (25).”
From Eucaloric diets enriched in palm olein, cocoa butter, and soybean oil did not differentially affect liver fat concentration in healthy participants: a 16-week randomized controlled trial. (2021) · cites this paper as [25]
Table 3 (Fat deposition; page not given) shows that cocoa-butter-fed mice had less total fat than the high-oleic sunflower oil group. But sal-stearin-fed mice had the lowest measured visceral and total fat (1.29 g and 2.04 g, versus 1.56 g and 2.60 g for cocoa butter), so the claim that cocoa butter exhibited the lowest deposition is not supported. (LLM, conf=0.91)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn mouse models, increased FFA excretion was accompanied by lower adiposity and aSCAT and lower VAT and total body fat deposition.
“In these mouse models increased FFA excretion was accompanied by lower adiposity and aSCAT (24) and lower VAT and total body fat deposition (25).”
The effect of oleic acid at sn-1,3 positions on fat deposition appeared more marked for stearic acid (18:0) than for palmitic acid (16:0).
“Furthermore, this effect appeared to be more marked for stearic acid (18:0) than for palmitic acid (16:0) (25).”
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Self-citationLong-chain SFA at the<i>sn</i>-1, 3 positions of TAG reduce body fat deposition in C57BL/6 mice
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- [25]25. FD Gunstone, JL Harwood and AJ Dijkstra, editors]. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
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- Authors
- Gouk, S.-W., Cheng, S.-F., Ong, A. S.-H., & Chuah, C.-H.
- Affiliations
- University of Malaya (MY)
- Corresponding author
- Cheng, Sit-Foon
- ORCID
- Cheng, Sit-Foon
- Venue
- British Journal of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2013-11-29
- Volume
- 111
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1174-1180
- ISSN
- 0007-1145 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2662
- OpenAlex
- W2164086587
- Semantic Scholar
- d347fdb3b27e5c075e0bc467fc0f782e1bb06285
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 1.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- British Journal Of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Universiti Malaya (PV017/2011B)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Chemistry and Fat Analysis
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Keywords
- stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, saturated fatty acids, fat deposition, obesity, cocoa butter, palm stearin, palm mid fraction, high oleic sunflower oil, visceral fat, C57BL/6 mice
- MeSH terms
- Palm Oil, Sunflower Oil, Animals, Dietary Fats, Feces, Intestinal Absorption, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Obesity, Plant Oils, Random Allocation, Stearic Acids, Triglycerides, Triolein, Weight Gain, Oleic Acid, Palmitic Acid, Subcutaneous Fat, Intra-Abdominal Fat, Adiposity, Mice, Diet, High-Fat
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