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A systematic review of interventions targeting modifiable factors that impact dietary intake in athletes

Janiczak, Amy, Alcock, Rebekah, Forsyth, Adrienne, Trakman, Gina Louise·2024·British Journal of Nutrition
DOI 10.1017/s0007114523001769
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Abstract

Appropriate dietary intake has been found to positively impact athletes’ performance, body composition and recovery from exercise. Strategies to optimise dietary intake often involve targeting one or more of the many factors that are known to influence dietary intake. This review aims to investigate the types and effectiveness of interventions used to impact modifiable factors of dietary intake in athletes. MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science were searched from inception to May 2022 for intervention studies that measured dietary intake with a quantitative tool and explored at least one factor thought to influence the dietary intake of adult athletes. Study quality was assessed using the ADA Quality Criteria Checklist: Primary Research. Twenty-four studies were included. The most common interventions focused on nutrition education ( n 10), macronutrient adjustment ( n 7) and physical activity ( n 5). The three most common factors thought to influence dietary intake addressed were nutrition knowledge ( n 12), hunger and appetite ( n 8), and body composition ( n 4). Significant changes in dietary intake were found in sixteen studies, with nutrition education interventions returning significant results in the largest proportion of studies ( n 8). Study quality within this review was mostly average ( n 4 < 50 %, n 19 50–80 %, n 1 > 80 %). As studies included were published between 1992 and 2021, interventions and factors explored in older studies may require up-to-date research to investigate possible differences in results due to time-related confounders.

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Cited by

Metadata

Authors
Janiczak, A., Alcock, R., Forsyth, A., & Trakman, G. L.
ORCID
Venue
British Journal of Nutrition
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published
2023-08-10
Volume
131
Issue
2
Pages
229-247
ISSN
  • 0007-1145
  • 1475-2662
DOI
10.1017/s0007114523001769
Cited by
25
References
6
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (unspecified)

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