The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Quasi-autistic patterns following severe early global privation
Abstract
Six per cent of child in a sample of 111 children who were adopted into U.K. families from Romania, and who were systematically assessed at the ages of 4 and 6 years, showed autisticlike patterns of behaviour. A further 6% showed milder (usually isolated) autistic features. Such autistic characteristics were not found in a similarly studied sample of 52 children adopted in the first 6 months of life within the U.K. The children from Romania with autistic patterns showed clinical features closely similar to “ordinary” autism at 4 years but they differed with respect to the improvement seen by age 6 years, to an equal sex ratio, and to a normal head circumference. The children from Romania with autistic features tended to differ from the other Romanian adoptees with respect to a greater degree of cognitive impairment and a longer duration of severe psychological privation.
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In the citing paper
“AD has been reported in children institutionally exposed to profound early social deprivation (98–100).”
From Gene × Environment Interactions in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms (2014) · cites this paper as [99]
In the citing paper
“and effects of institutionalization were more severe the older children were at the age of adoption thereafter.”
From Risk and developmental heterogeneity in previously institutionalized children (2012) · cites this paper as Rutter, et al., 1999
In the citing paper
“Across several domains, Rutter and colleagues have found that children adopted before 6 months old do not show reliable differences from age-matched peers who do not have a history of institutionalization (O’Connor, et al., 2003; Rutter, 1998; Rutter, et al., 1999)”
From Risk and developmental heterogeneity in previously institutionalized children (2012) · cites this paper as Rutter, et al., 1999
In the citing paper
“Children raised in institutions are at increased risk for a variety of adverse outcomes,1 including risk for “quasi-autistic” patterns of behavior.2, 3”
From Social communication difficulties and autism in previously institutionalized children (2015) · cites this paper as [2]
In the citing paper
“These results confirm and expand upon previous findings of increased risk for social communication difficulties, restricted/repetitive behaviors, and ASD in children with a history of institutionalization.2, 3, 5, 34, 35”
From Social communication difficulties and autism in previously institutionalized children (2015) · cites this paper as [2]
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Citations
Cites
Lord, C., Rutter, M., & Le Couteur, A. (1994) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/bf02172145 · Cited by 9,065
Self-citationAutism screening questionnaire: diagnostic validity
Berument, S. K., Rutter, M., Lord, C., Pickles, A., & Bailey, A. (1999) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.175.5.444 · Cited by 1,464
Self-citationExperience and brain development
Greenough, W. T., Black, J. E., & Wallace, C. S. (1987) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1130197 · Cited by 1,398
Autism diagnostic interview: A standardized investigator-based instrument
Le Couteur, A., Rutter, M., Lord, C., Rios, P., Robertson, S., Holdgrafer, M., & McLennan, J. (1989) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/bf02212936 · Cited by 1,036
Self-citationGenie: A Psycholinguistic Study of a Modern-Day "Wild Child"
Curtiss, S. (1977) · Cited by 859
Bailey, A., Phillips, W., & Rutter, M. (1996) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01381.x · Cited by 769
Self-citationRutter, M. L. (1998) · PubMed · Cited by 653
Self-citationDevelopmental catch-up, and deficit, following adoption after severe global early privation
Rutter, M. (1998) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1017/s0021963098002236 · Cited by 640
Self-citationHarlow, H. F., & Harlow, M. K. (1965) · Behavior of Nonhuman Primates · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4832-2821-1.50008-2 · Cited by 559
Early Experience: Myth and Evidence
Clarke, A. M., & Clarke, A. D. B. (1976) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 526
Cited by
Infant Intersubjectivity: Research, Theory, and Clinical Applications
Trevarthen, C., & Aitken, K. J. (2001) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1017/s0021963001006552 · Cited by 1,610
Constantino, J. N., Davis, S. A., Todd, R. D., Schindler, M. K., Gross, M. M., Brophy, S. L., Metzger, L. M., Shoushtari, C. S., Splinter, R., & Reich, W. (2003) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1023/a:1025014929212 · Cited by 1,611
Autism screening questionnaire: diagnostic validity
Berument, S. K., Rutter, M., Lord, C., Pickles, A., & Bailey, A. (1999) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.175.5.444 · Cited by 1,464
Self-citationAutism and the pervasive developmental disorders
Volkmar, F. R., & Klin, A. (2012) · New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry · doi:10.1093/med/9780199696758.003.0214 · Cited by 939
The Cerebellum, Sensitive Periods, and Autism
Wang, S. S.-H., Kloth, A. D., & Badura, A. (2014) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2014.07.016 · Cited by 838
Metadata
- Authors
- Rutter, M., Andersen‐Wood, L., Beckett, C., Bredenkamp, D., Castle, J., Groothues, C., Kreppner, J., Keaveney, L., Lord, C., & O'Connor, T. G.
- Venue
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1999-05
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 537-549
- ISSN
- 0021-9630 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7610
- OpenAlex
- W2164591540
- Cited by
- 498
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 7.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Child Welfare and Adoption
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, Romanian adoptees, child adoption, cognitive impairment, head circumference, developmental outcomes, sex ratio
- MeSH terms
- Adoption, Analysis of Variance, Autistic Disorder, Behavioral Symptoms, Child, Child Development, Developmental Disabilities, Child, Institutionalized, Child, Preschool, Cognition Disorders, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Infant, Institutionalization, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Intellectual Disability, Psychosocial Deprivation, Romania, Sampling Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Social Behavior, Time Factors, Prevalence, Case-Control Studies, Disease Progression, Orphanages
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Quasi-autistic patterns following severe early global privation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/1469-7610.00472
- The paper
- Rutter, M., Andersen‐Wood, L., Beckett, C., Bredenkamp, D., Castle, J., Groothues, C., Kreppner, J., Keaveney, L., Lord, C., & O'Connor, T. G. (1999). Quasi-autistic patterns following severe early global privation. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00472
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.