The DOI matches its Crossref record; 27 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Life events and psychosocial factors in elderly suicides—A case-control study
Abstract
Background. Stressful life events, such as family conflicts, separation, bereavement, somatic illness and financial problems are common antecedents of suicide. Studies on suicide among younger persons dominate the literature, despite the fact that a large proportion of suicides occur among elderly persons. Methods. The occurrence of stressful life events was investigated among elderly suicide cases and population controls. The study was conducted in the southwestern part of Sweden and included 85 persons (46 males and 39 females) 65 years and above who had committed suicide from January 1994 to May 1996. Population controls (84 males and 69 females) were randomly selected. Interviews were carried out with the controls and with informants for the suicide cases. Questions on sociodemographic background, mental and somatic health status, and life events (0–6, 7–12 and 13–24 months preceding suicide/interview) were included in the interviews. Results. Somatic illness, family discord and financial trouble were significant risk factors during all three time periods. Other risk factors were mental disorder, lower education, feelings of loneliness and previous suicide in the family. Factors associated with a decreased risk included active participation in organizations and having a hobby. Variables that remained in the multivariate logistic regression model were mental disorder (men, odds ratio (OR) = 62·4, 95% CI 17·9–217·5; women, OR = 55·9, 95% CI 14·1–222·3) and family discord (men, OR = 10·0, 95% CI 1·7–59·8; women, OR = 9·2, 95% CI 1·9–44·8). Conclusions. Mental disorder and family discord were the two major risk factors for suicide among elderly men and women.
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Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Only three studies (with four publications) examined suicide/fatal suicidal behavior [38,40,41,42].”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“Residential change over the past two years was not associated with death by suicide in the Swedish study by Rubenowitz [40], nor when Waern conducted separate analyses for those aged 65–74 years and those aged above 75 [42].”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“Decreased suicide risk was observed for Swedish men and women who participated in organizations in the study by Rubenowitz [40].”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“No such association was found, however in the Rubenowitz study that focused on suicide in the same region [40] and similar results were observed for men and women.”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“Loneliness—the inner, subjective experience of social disconnectedness—was examined in two Swedish studies (across three publications), documenting increased risk for both non-fatal and fatal suicidal behavior [39,40,42].”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“Analysis of data from the Swedish psychological autopsy study revealed that interpersonal conflict over the prior 24 months was a significant predictor of suicide [40,42].”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“An index of discordant connectedness—relationship discord—was examined in three publications, documenting associations with non-fatal [38] and fatal suicidal behavior [38,40,42].”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“with the exception of the study by Rubenowitz and colleagues [40], sex-specific data for older adults were lacking.”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“Rubenowitz reported that loneliness was associated with increased risk of suicide in both men and women [40].”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“Though investigated in fewer studies, consistent results were also found for subjective measures of social connectedness—perceived social support (two U.S. studies [31,41]) and loneliness (two Swedish studies [39,40,42]).”
From A systematic review of social factors and suicidal behavior in older adulthood (2012) · cites this paper as [40]
In the citing paper
“Serious relationship and financial problems distinguished older adult suicides and near fatal suicide attempters from controls in New Zealand (20), findings replicated by Rubenowitz and colleagues in Sweden (16).”
From Suicide in older adults (2011) · cites this paper as [16]
In the citing paper
“a variety of investigators have applied it in case control studies that provide remarkably consistent findings (7-21).”
From Suicide in older adults (2011) · cites this paper as [16]
Citations
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CUMULATIVE ILLNESS RATING SCALE
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Multiple Risk Factors Predict Suicide in Alcoholism
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Recent life events, Social support and suicide
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Retrospective psychiatric assessment of 200 suicides in Budapest
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Attempted suicide among living co-twins of twin suicide victims
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
The interpersonal theory of suicide.
Van Orden, K. A., Witte, T. K., Cukrowicz, K. C., Braithwaite, S. R., Selby, E. A., & Joiner, T. E. (2010) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/a0018697 · Cited by 5,292
Risk factors for suicide in later life
Conwell, Y., Duberstein, P. R., & Caine, E. D. (2002) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01347-1 · Cited by 701
Conwell, Y., Van Orden, K., & Caine, E. D. (2011) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2011.02.002 · Cited by 555
Medical illness and the risk of suicide in the elderly
Juurlink, D. N., Herrmann, N., Szalai, J. P., Kopp, A., & Redelmeier, D. A. (2004) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.164.11.1179 · Cited by 542
Fässberg, M. M., Cheung, G., Canetto, S. S., Erlangsen, A., Lapierre, S., Lindner, R., Draper, B., Gallo, J. J., Wong, C. Y., Wu, J., et al. (2015) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2015.1083945 · Cited by 451
Metadata
- Authors
- RUBENOWITZ, E., WAERN, M., WILHELMSON, K., & ALLEBECK, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- ORCID
- WILHELMSON, K.
- Venue
- Psychological Medicine
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2001-10
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1193-1202
- ISSN
- 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8978
- OpenAlex
- W2079882622
- Cited by
- 277
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 8.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
- Keywords
- elderly suicide, life events, psychosocial risk factors, mental illness, family conflict, somatic diseases, financial problems, loneliness, social participation (health and rehabilitation), suicide prevention
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Catchment Area, Health, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychophysiologic Disorders, Surveys and Questionnaires, Suicide, Sweden, Case-Control Studies
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