The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Anxiety and depression in parents 4–9 years after the loss of a child owing to a malignancy: a population-based follow-up
Abstract
Background. Some consider the loss of a child as the most stressful life event. When the death is caused by a malignancy, the parents are commonly exposed not only to their own loss, but also to the protracted physical and emotional suffering of the child. We investigated parental risk of anxiety and depression 4–9 years after the loss of a child owing to a malignancy. Method. In 2001, we attempted to contact all parents in Sweden who had lost a child due to a malignancy during 1992–1997. We used an anonymous postal questionnaire and utilized a control group of non-bereaved parents with a living child. Results. Participation among bereaved parents was 449/561 (80%); among non-bereaved 457/659 (69%). We found an increased risk of anxiety (relative risk 1·5, 95% confidence interval 1·1–1·9) and depression (relative risk 1·4, 95% confidence interval 1·1–1·7) among bereaved parents compared with non-bereaved. The risk of anxiety and depression was higher in the period 4–6 years after bereavement than in the 7–9 years period, during which the average excess risks approached zero. Psychological distress was overall higher among bereaved mothers and loss of a child aged 9 years or older implied an increased risk, particularly for fathers. Conclusions. Psychological morbidity in bereaved parents decreases to levels similar to those among non-bereaved parents 7–9 years after the loss. Bereaved mothers and parents who lose a child 9 years or older have on average an excess risk for long-term psychological distress.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
Radloff, L. S. (1977) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/014662167700100306 · Cited by 53,267
(1970) · Cited by 24,983
Bowlby, J. (1980) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,303
Symptoms and Suffering at the End of Life in Children with Cancer
Wolfe, J., Grier, H. E., Klar, N., Levin, S. B., Ellenbogen, J. M., Salem-Schatz, S., Emanuel, E. J., & Weeks, J. C. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200002033420506 · Cited by 1,181
Vaginal Changes and Sexuality in Women with a History of Cervical Cancer
Bergmark, K., Åvall-Lundqvist, E., Dickman, P. W., Henningsohn, L., & Steineck, G. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199905063401802 · Cited by 665
Self-citationMortality in parents after death of a child in Denmark: a nationwide follow-up study
Li, J., Precht, D. H., Mortensen, P. B., & Olsen, J. (2003) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)12387-2 · Cited by 548
Hilden, J. M., Emanuel, E. J., Fairclough, D. L., Link, M. P., Foley, K. M., Clarridge, B. C., Schnipper, L. E., & Mayer, R. J. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2001.19.1.205 · Cited by 324
An Investigation of Grief and Adaptation in Parents Whose Children Have Died from Cancer
Rando, T. A. (1983) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/8.1.3 · Cited by 231
Radestad, I., Steineck, G., Nordin, C., & Sjogren, B. (1996) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.312.7045.1505 · Cited by 204
Self-citationSpiritual beliefs may affect outcome of bereavement: prospective study
Walsh, K., King, M., Jones, L., Tookman, A., & Blizard, R. (2002) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.324.7353.1551 · Cited by 194
Cited by
Health outcomes of bereavement.
Stroebe, M., Schut, H., & Stroebe, W. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61816-9 · Cited by 1,746
Talking about Death with Children Who Have Severe Malignant Disease
Kreicbergs, U., Valdimarsdóttir, U., Onelöv, E., Henter, J.-I., & Steineck, G. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa040366 · Cited by 486
Self-citationGrief and mourning gone awry: pathway and course of complicated grief
Shear, M. K. (2012) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2012.14.2/mshear · Cited by 290
Kreicbergs, U. C., Lannen, P., Onelov, E., & Wolfe, J. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2006.10.0743 · Cited by 237
Self-citationSymptoms in the palliative phase of children with cancer
Theunissen, J. M. J., Hoogerbrugge, P. M., van Achterberg, T., Prins, J. B., Vernooij‐Dassen, M. J. F. J., & van den Ende, C. H. M. (2007) · Pediatric Blood & Cancer · doi:10.1002/pbc.21042 · Cited by 195
Metadata
- Authors
- KREICBERGS, U., VALDIMARSDÓTTIR, U., ONELÖV, E., HENTER, J.-I., & STEINECK, G.
- Venue
- Psychological Medicine
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2004-11
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1431-1441
- ISSN
- 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8978
- OpenAlex
- W2046083689
- Cited by
- 255
- References
- 30
- FWCI
- 8.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Anxiety and depression in parents 4–9 years after the loss of a child owing to a malignancy: a population-based follow-up. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1017/s0033291704002740
- The paper
- KREICBERGS, U., VALDIMARSDÓTTIR, U., ONELÖV, E., HENTER, J.-I., & STEINECK, G. (2004). Anxiety and depression in parents 4–9 years after the loss of a child owing to a malignancy: a population-based follow-up. Psychological Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291704002740
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
