The DOI matches its Crossref record; 124 of the 124 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The development of anxiety disorders in childhood: an integrative review
Open accessAbstract
We present an integrative review of the development of child anxiety, drawing on a number of strands of research. Family aggregation and genetic studies indicate raised vulnerability to anxiety in offspring of adults with the disorder (e.g. the temperamental style of behavioural inhibition, or information processing biases). Environmental factors are also important; these include adverse life events and exposure to negative information or modelling. Parents are likely to be key, although not unique, sources of such influences, particularly if they are anxious themselves. Some parenting behaviours associated with child anxiety, such as overprotection, may be elicited by child characteristics, especially in the context of parental anxiety, and these may serve to maintain child disorder. Emerging evidence emphasizes the importance of taking the nature of child and parental anxiety into account, of constructing assessments and interventions that are both disorder specific, and of considering bidirectional influences.
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“Indeed, overinvolved/controlling parenting and low parental warmth are associated with the development and course of anxiety symptoms and phobias, including greater distress and avoidance behaviours in children (Kane et al., 2015; Murray et al., 2009; Ollendick & Horsch, 2007).”
From Specific Phobia in Young Children: Associations between the Origins of Fear and Clinical Expression of Phobia Symptoms. (2025) · cites this paper as Murray et al., 2009
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
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“This study extends upon the current literature by considering and comparing the combinations of pathways, including direct and indirect combined and both indirect pathways combined, which are hypothesised to occur naturally during daily interactions (King et al., 1998; Murray et al., 2009); including all reported phobia subtypes; and addressing some of the methodological limitations of previous re”
From Specific Phobia in Young Children: Associations between the Origins of Fear and Clinical Expression of Phobia Symptoms. (2025) · cites this paper as Murray et al., 2009
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
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“As such, there may be a stronger familial transmission of parent to child vulnerability within this subsample, whereby anxious parents are communicating more threat related information and modelling more avoidance, as is seen in the familial transmission of anxiety more generally (Murray et al., 2009).”
From Specific Phobia in Young Children: Associations between the Origins of Fear and Clinical Expression of Phobia Symptoms. (2025) · cites this paper as Murray et al., 2009
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“These fi ndings may contribute to wider research contemplating the direction of effects between parenting styles and childhood anxiety, whether parenting practices arise from parents ' own anxieties, child symptoms, or the interaction of both (Murray et al., 2009).”
From Specific Phobia in Young Children: Associations between the Origins of Fear and Clinical Expression of Phobia Symptoms. (2025) · cites this paper as Murray et al., 2009
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“Taken together with wider previous research linking parental overcontrol/overinvolvement with anxious children (Murray et al., 2009), these fi ndings indicate that parenting styles speci fi cally may be less implicated in the development of phobias in very young children, and more implicated in their maintenance.”
From Specific Phobia in Young Children: Associations between the Origins of Fear and Clinical Expression of Phobia Symptoms. (2025) · cites this paper as Murray et al., 2009
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Cites
Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene
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Serotonin transporter genetic variation and the response of the human amygdala.
Hariri, A. R., Mattay, V. S., Tessitore, A., Kolachana, B., Fera, F., Goldman, D., Egan, M. F., & Weinberger, D. R. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1071829 · Cited by 2,340
Anxiety and Its Disorders: The Nature and Treatment of Anxiety and Panic
Otto, M. (1989) · Psychosomatics · doi:10.1016/s0033-3182(89)72285-4 · Cited by 1,581
A Review and Meta-Analysis of the Genetic Epidemiology of Anxiety Disorders
Hettema, J. M., Neale, M. C., & Kendler, K. S. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.10.1568 · Cited by 1,563
The development of anxiety: The role of control in the early environment.
Chorpita, B. F., & Barlow, D. H. (1998) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.124.1.3 · Cited by 1,382
Examining the association between parenting and childhood anxiety: a meta-analysis
McLeod, B. D., Wood, J. J., & Weisz, J. R. (2007) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2006.09.002 · Cited by 1,159
Generalized anxiety disorder: advances in research and practice
(2005) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.42-3716 · Cited by 1,073
Behavioral Inhibition: Linking Biology and Behavior within a Developmental Framework
Fox, N. A., Henderson, H. A., Marshall, P. J., Nichols, K. E., & Ghera, M. M. (2005) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.141532 · Cited by 1,040
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Parenting and childhood anxiety: theory, empirical findings, and future directions
Wood, J. J., McLeod, B. D., Sigman, M., Hwang, W., & Chu, B. C. (2002) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00106 · Cited by 988
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Bandura, 1986, Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory
- Creswell, 2004, The Development of Anxious Cognitions in Children
- 10.1037/0021-843X.93.4.355 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Developmental Psychopathology of Anxiety
Vasey, M. W., Bosmans, G., & Ollendick, T. H. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-9608-3_27 · Cited by 605
Craske, M. G., Stein, M. B., Eley, T. C., Milad, M. R., Holmes, A., Rapee, R. M., & Wittchen, H.-U. (2017) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2017.24 · Cited by 652
Maternal Postnatal Depression and the Development of Depression in Offspring Up to 16 Years of Age
Murray, L., Arteche, A. X., Fearon, P. R. M., Halligan, S. L., Goodyer, I. M., & Cooper, P. (2011) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2011.02.001 · Cited by 461
Self-citationInterpersonal emotion regulation as a mechanism of social support in depression
Marroquín, B. (2011) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2011.09.005 · Cited by 414
Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Model of Mood and Anxiety Disorders
Hofmann, S. G. (2014) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-014-9620-1 · Cited by 320
Metadata
- Authors
- Murray, L., Creswell, C., & Cooper, P. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Reading (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Murray, L.
- Venue
- Psychological Medicine
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2009-02-12
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1413-1423
- ISSN
- 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8978
- OpenAlex
- W2090369782
- Cited by
- 367
- References
- 122
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 1.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CentAUR (University of Reading) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Keywords
- childhood anxiety disorders, familial aggregation, genetic susceptibility, behavioral inhibition, information processing biases, life events, parental anxiety, parenting behaviour, overprotection, assessment and intervention
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Animals, Anxiety Disorders, Arousal, Child, Disease Models, Animal, Epistasis, Genetic, Humans, Life Change Events, Macaca mulatta, Models, Psychological, Phenotype, Risk Factors, Social Environment, Parenting, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
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