Cited by 572Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesMental Health Treatment and AccessHomicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse

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The prevalence of suicidal thoughts and behaviours among college students: a meta-analysis

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Mortier, P., Cuijpers, P., Kiekens, G., Auerbach, R. P., Demyttenaere, K., Green, J. G., Kessler, R. C., Nock, M. K., Bruffaerts, R.·2018·Psychological Medicine

DOI 10.1017/s0033291717002215

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Abstract

Background: Adolescence and young adulthood carry risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviours (STB). An increasing subpopulation of young people consists of college students. STB prevalence estimates among college students vary widely, precluding a validated point of reference. In addition, little is known on predictors for between-study heterogeneity in STB prevalence. Methods: A systematic literature search identified 36 college student samples that were assessed for STB outcomes, representing a total of 634 662 students [median sample size = 2082 (IQR 353–5200); median response rate = 74% (IQR 37–89%)]. We used random-effects meta-analyses to obtain pooled STB prevalence estimates, and multivariate meta-regression models to identify predictors of between-study heterogeneity. Results: Pooled prevalence estimates of lifetime suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts were 22.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 19.5–25.3%], 6.1% (95% CI 4.8–7.7%), and 3.2% (95% CI 2.2–4.5%), respectively. For 12-month prevalence, this was 10.6% (95% CI 9.1–12.3%), 3.0% (95% CI 2.1–4.0%), and 1.2% (95% CI 0.8–1.6%), respectively. Measures of heterogeneity were high for all outcomes ( I 2 = 93.2–99.9%), indicating substantial between-study heterogeneity not due to sampling error. Pooled estimates were generally higher for females, as compared with males (risk ratios in the range 1.12–1.67). Higher STB estimates were also found in samples with lower response rates, when using broad definitions of suicidality, and in samples from Asia. Conclusions: Based on the currently available evidence, STB seem to be common among college students. Future studies should: (1) incorporate refusal conversion strategies to obtain adequate response rates, and (2) use more fine-grained measures to assess suicidal ideation.

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Authors: Mortier, P., Cuijpers, P., Kiekens, G., Auerbach, R. P., Demyttenaere, K., Green, J. G., Kessler, R. C., Nock, M. K., & Bruffaerts, R.
Affiliations: KU Leuven (BE)
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
Harvard University (US)
Boston University (US)
Corresponding author: Mortier, P.
ORCID: Mortier, P.
Cuijpers, P.
Kiekens, G.
Auerbach, R. P.
Demyttenaere, K.
Green, J. G.
Kessler, R. C.
Nock, M. K.
Bruffaerts, R.
Venue: Psychological Medicine
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published: 2017-08-14
Volume: 48
Issue: 4
Pages: 554-565
ISSN: 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
1469-8978
DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717002215
OpenAlex: W2746711211
Cited by: 572
References: 85
Citations by year: 2026: 76 · 2025: 100 · 2024: 79 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 68 · 2021: 56 · 2020: 68 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 1
FWCI: 5.12
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
research.vu.nl
Licence: other-oa
www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified)
Locations: Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
VU Research Portal (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
Lirias (submittedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders: University of Michigan
Auburn University
University of Texas at Austin
University of British Columbia
University of Maryland School of Public Health
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
Keywords: suicidal ideation, suicidal behavior, university students, prevalence, suicide attempts, suicide planning, early adulthood, gender differences, response rate
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Humans, Students, Suicide, Attempted, Universities, Prevalence, Young Adult, Suicidal Ideation

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The prevalence of suicidal thoughts and behaviours among college students: a meta-analysis

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