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Hallucinations and perceptual inference
Open accessAbstract
This commentary takes a closer look at how “constructive models of subjective perception,” referred to by Collerton et al. (sect. 2), might contribute to the Perception and Attention Deficit (PAD) model. It focuses on the neuronal mechanisms that could mediate hallucinations, or false inference – in particular, the role of cholinergic systems in encoding uncertainty in the context of hierarchical Bayesian models of perceptual inference (Friston 2002b; Yu & Dayan 2002).
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“the main problem in schizophrenia lies not with the prediction of sensory input per se, but in the delicate balance of precision ascribed to prior beliefs and sensory evidence (Friston, 2005; Corlett et al., 2011).”
From The Computational Anatomy of Psychosis (2013) · cites this paper as Friston, 2005
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“MMN is widely considered to be a robust marker of psychosis15, thought to reflect an attempt to minimize this prediction error and capture its disruption16–19.”
From Deviations in effective connectivity explain different hallucination subtypes in Parkinson's disease psychosis (2026) · cites this paper as [18]
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“Hallucinations could be understood as the result of an increase in the relative precision of prior beliefs, such that the posterior beliefs are impervious to contradictory – but imprecise – sensory evidence.”
From The Computational Anatomy of Psychosis (2013) · cites this paper as Friston, 2005
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“Alternatively, hallucinations may result from enhanced rather than weakened top-down predictive signaling (i.e. increased precision of priors) on neural activity in sensory cortices (83).”
From The Predictive Coding Account of Psychosis (2018) · cites this paper as [83]
In the citing paper
“One possibility is that hallucinations result from an overly strong effect of top-down predictive signals on neural activity in sensory cortices.133,134”
From Are hallucinations due to an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory influences on the brain? (2016) · cites this paper as [133]
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Dysconnection in schizophrenia: from abnormal synaptic plasticity to failures of self-monitoring
Stephan, K. E., Friston, K. J., & Frith, C. D. (2009) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbn176 · Cited by 1,134
“than a patient in whom the primary abnormality is a cholinergic dysregulation of NMDARs (where symptoms might be dominated by perceptual abnormalities like hallucinations and impaired attention).(24,168) In other words, from the perspective of the dysconnection hypothesis, the diversity of clinical symptoms is due to…”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe Predictive Coding Account of Psychosis
Sterzer, P., Adams, R. A., Fletcher, P., Frith, C., Lawrie, S. M., Muckli, L., Petrovic, P., Uhlhaas, P., Voss, M., & Corlett, P. R. (2018) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.05.015 · Cited by 941
“, increased precision of priors) on neural activity in sensory cortices (83).”
BackgroundThe Computational Anatomy of Psychosis
Adams, R. A., Stephan, K. E., Brown, H. R., Frith, C. D., & Friston, K. J. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00047 · Cited by 850
“Specifically, it is suggested that the main problem in schizophrenia lies not with the prediction of sensory input per se, but in the delicate balance of precision ascribed to prior beliefs and sensory evidence (Friston, 2005; Corlett et al., 2011).”
BackgroundSelf-citationSynaptic plasticity and dysconnection in schizophrenia
Stephan, K. E., Baldeweg, T., & Friston, K. J. (2006) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.10.005 · Cited by 841
Self-citationA Bayesian account of ‘hysteria’
Edwards, M. J., Adams, R. A., Brown, H., Parees, I., & Friston, K. J. (2012) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/aws129 · Cited by 825
“The false percept would be a hallucination (Friston, 2005a).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Friston, K. J.
- Affiliations
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Friston, Karl J.
- ORCID
- Friston, Karl J.
- Venue
- Behavioral and Brain Sciences
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2005-12
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 764-766
- ISSN
- 0140-525X (ISSN-L)
- 1469-1825
- OpenAlex
- W2011459890
- Cited by
- 196
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 0.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- discovery.ucl.ac.uk
- Locations
- Behavioral and Brain Sciences (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Hallucinations in medical conditions
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- hallucinations, perceptual inference, cholinergic system, uncertainty encoding, Bayesian hierarchical model
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