Cited by 32Genetics and Neurodevelopmental DisordersAutism Spectrum Disorder ResearchFetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders

Rett Syndrome: Investigation of Nine Patients, including PET Scan

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Dunn, Henry G., Stoessl, A. Jon, Ho, Helena H., MacLeod, Patrick M., Poskitt, Kenneth J., Doudet, Doris J., Schulzer, Michael, Blackstock, Derek +3 more·2002·Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques

Abstract

Background: We describe nine females with Rett Syndrome (RS), aged 14 to 26 years. All had had developmental delay before the end of their first year and had subsequently regressed to profound dementia with apraxia, ataxia, irregular respirations and often also seizures. Methods: The Revised Gesell developmental assessment and Alpern-Boll Developmental Profile were used in modified form. Volumetric measurements of basal ganglia using MRI were compared with the findings in nine age-matched volunteer females. Positron emission scans with [18 F]-6-fluorodopa and [11 C]-raclopride were performed under light anesthesia with intravenous Propofol, and the findings were compared with those in healthy control girls. Bidirectional sequencing of the coding regions of the MECP2 gene was investigated in blood samples for mutational analyses. Results: The RS females functioned at a mental age level ranging from about 4 to 15 months. The scores correlated with height, weight and head circumference. Magnetic resonance scans of basal ganglia showed a significant reduction in the size of the caudate heads and thalami in the Rett cases. Positron emission scans demonstrated that the mean uptake of fluorodopa in RS was reduced by 13.1% in caudate and by 12.5% in putamen as compared to the controls, while dopamine D2 receptor binding was increased significantly by 9.7% in caudate and 9.6% in putamen. Mutations in the coding regions of the MECP2 gene were present in all nine patients. No significant correlation between type and location of mutation and volumetric changes or isotope uptake was demonstrable. Conclusion: Our findings suggest a mild presynaptic deficit of nigrostriatal activity in Rett syndrome.

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  1. Rett A. Über ein eigenartiges hirnatrophisches Syndrom bei Hyperammonämie im Kindesalter. Wien Med Wochenschr 1966;116:723-726
  2. Amir RE, Van den Veyver IB, Schultz R, et al. Influence of mutation type and X chromosome inactivation on Rett syndrome phenotypes. Ann Neurol 2000;47:670-679.
  3. Alpern G, Boll T, Shearer M. Developmental Profile II Manual. Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services, 1992:Sixth Edition.
  4. Stenbom Y, Witt-Engerström I, Hagberg B. Gross motor disability and head growth in Rett syndrome. Neuropediatrics 1995;26:85- 86.
  5. Rousset OG, Deep P, Kuwabara H, et al. Effect of partial volume correction on estimates of the influx and cerebral metabolism of 6-[ 18 F] fluoro-L-dopa studied with PET in normal control and Parkinson's disease subjects. Synapse 2000;37:81-89.
  6. Fulton B, Sorkin EM. Propofol, an overview of its pharmacology. Drugs 1995;50:636-657.

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Authors
Dunn, H. G., Stoessl, A. J., Ho, H. H., MacLeod, P. M., Poskitt, K. J., Doudet, D. J., Schulzer, M., Blackstock, D., Dobko, T., Koop, B., & Amorim, G. V. D.
Affiliations
  • University of British Columbia (CA)
  • University of Victoria (CA)
Venue
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques
Published
2002-11
Volume
29
Issue
4
Pages
345-357
ISSN
  • 0317-1671 (ISSN-L)
  • 2057-0155
OpenAlex
W2012104672
Cited by
32
References
105
Citations by year
2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
FWCI
0.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • TRIUMF
  • Vancouver Foundation
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
Keywords
Rett syndrome, basal ganglia, caudate nucleus, thalamus, putamen, dopamine D2 receptor binding, nigrostriatal pathway, presynaptic dysfunction, developmental delay, intellectual disability
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Brain, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Mutation, Radiography, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Rett Syndrome, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Cell Cycle Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Checkpoint Kinase 2

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