The DOI matches its Crossref record; 47 of the 47 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The demography of an African elephant ( Loxodonta africana ) population in Amboseli, Kenya
Abstract
This paper presents basic demographic parameters of African elephants ( Loxodonta africana ) living in and around Amboseli National Park, Kenya. The study was conducted from 1972 to the present and results are based on the histories of 1778 individually known elephants. From 1972 to 1978, the Amboseli elephant population declined and then increased steadily from 1979 to the present. Births occurred throughout the year but over 80% occurred between November and May. Birth rate varied from year to year with a pattern of peaks and troughs at 4‐ to 5‐year intervals. The birth sex ratio did not differ significantly from 1:1. Mean age at first birth was 14.1 years, determined from a sample of 546 known‐age females. Mean birth interval ( n = 732) was 4.5 years for 255 females. Fecundity and calf survival varied by age of the females. Mortality fluctuated from year to year. Sex‐specific mortality rates were consistently higher for males than females at all ages.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“females can continue to reproduce up into their 60s (Lahdenperä et al., 2014; Moss, 2001; Turkalo et al., 2018).”
From Do elephants really never forget? What we know about elephant memory and a call for further investigation (2025) · cites this paper as Moss, 2001
Citations
Cites
The Intrinsic Rate of Natural Increase of an Insect Population
Birch, L. C. (1948) · Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.2307/1605 · Cited by 2,541
Reproductive Effort and Terminal Investment in Iteroparous Animals
Clutton-Brock, T. H. (1984) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/284198 · Cited by 956
Hawkes, K., O’Connell, J., & Jones, N. G. B. (1997) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/204646 · Cited by 669
Primate Social Relationships: an Integrated Approach
Hinde, R. A. (1983) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 580
AGE CRITERIA FOR THE AFRICAN ELEPHANT
Laws, R. M. (1966) · African Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1966.tb00878.x · Cited by 492
Western, D. (1975) · African Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1975.tb00139.x · Cited by 422
Reproductive cessation in female mammals
Packer, C., Tatar, M., & Collins, A. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/33910 · Cited by 388
A Classification of East African Rangeland, with an Appendix on Terminology
Pratt, D. J., Greenway, P. J., & Gwynne, M. D. (1966) · Journal of Applied Ecology · doi:10.2307/2401259 · Cited by 302
Evolutionary ecology of human life history
Mace, R. H. (2000) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1006/anbe.1999.1287 · Cited by 301
The Natural History of the African Elephant
Buss, I. O., & Sikes, S. K. (1972) · Journal of Wildlife Management · doi:10.2307/3799111 · Cited by 286
Research works printed but not linked: 16
- Armbruster P., 1993, A population viability analysis for African elephant (Loxodonta africana): how big should reserves be? Cons, Biol, 7, 602
- Douglas‐Hamilton I., 1989, The ivory trade and the future of the African elephant
- Douglas‐Hamilton I., 1981, Notes on vertical photography of elephants for age determination, ILCA Monogr, 4, 131
- Eltringham S. K., 1982, Elephants
- Hall‐Martin A., 1984, The status and conservation of Africa's elephants and rhinos
- Hanks J., 1969, Seasonal breeding of the African elephant in Zambia, E Afr, Wildl. J, 7, 167
- Kangwana K. F.(1993).Elephants and Maasai: conflict and conservation in Amboseli Kenya.PhD thesis University of Cambridge.
- Kerr M. A., 1978, The reproduction of elephant in the Mana Pools National Park, Rhodesia, Arnoldia Rhod, 3, 1
- Lee P. C., 1999, Mammalian social learning, 102
- Lindeque M., 1991, Age structure of the elephant population in the Etosha National Park, Namibia, Madoqua, 18, 27
- Marsh H., 1986, Evidence for reproductive senescence in female cetaceans, Intl. Whaling Commission, 57
- Moss C. J., 1988, Elephant memories
- Moss C. J., 1994, Proceedings of the second international NCRR conference, 284
- Moss C. J., 1996, African Wildlife Foundation Technical Handbook Series 7, 58
- Weyerhaeuser F. J.(1982).On the ecology of the Lake Manyara elephants.MSc dissertation Yale University.
- Williamson B. R., 1976, Reproduction in female African elephants in the Wankie National Park, Rhodesia. S Afr, J. Wildl. Res, 6, 89
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 373
Anthropogenic Influences on Conservation Values of White Rhinoceros
Ferreira, S. M., Botha, J. M., & Emmett, M. C. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0045989 · Cited by 51
Elephant Natural History: A Genomic Perspective
Roca, A. L., Ishida, Y., Brandt, A. L., Benjamin, N. R., Zhao, K., & Georgiadis, N. J. (2014) · Annual Review of Animal Biosciences · doi:10.1146/annurev-animal-022114-110838 · Cited by 51
Genetic relatedness and disrupted social structure in a poached population of African elephants
Gobush, K. S., Kerr, B., & Wasser, S. K. (2009) · Molecular Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.04043.x · Cited by 51
Gestating for 22 months: luteal development and pregnancy maintenance in elephants
Lüeders, I., Niemuller, C., Rich, P., Gray, C., Hermes, R. E., Göritz, F., & Hildebrandt, T. B. (2012) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2012.1038 · Cited by 50
Cooperation and conflict between women in the family
Mace, R. H. (2013) · Evolutionary Anthropology Issues News and Reviews · doi:10.1002/evan.21374 · Cited by 53
Drivers of megaherbivore demographic fluctuations: inference from elephants
Trimble, M. J., Ferreira, S. M., & van Aarde, R. J. (2009) · Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00560.x · Cited by 48
Slow intrinsic growth rate in forest elephants indicates recovery from poaching will require decades
Turkalo, A. K., Wrege, P. H., & Wittemyer, G. (2016) · Journal of Applied Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2664.12764 · Cited by 48
Fetene, A., Yeshitela, K., & Gebremariam, E. (2019) · ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH · doi:10.1186/s40068-019-0147-z · Cited by 48
Smit, I. P. J., Peel, M. J. S., Ferreira, S. M., Greaver, C., & Pienaar, D. J. (2020) · African Journal of Range and Forage Science · doi:10.2989/10220119.2019.1700161 · Cited by 48
Gingerich, P. D. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316711644 · Cited by 48
Ahlering, M., Hailer, F., Roberts, M. T., & Foley, C. (2011) · Molecular Ecology Resources · doi:10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.03030.x · Cited by 47
Population and Individual Elephant Response to a Catastrophic Fire in Pilanesberg National Park
Woolley, L.-A., Millspaugh, J. J., WOODS, R. J., van Rensburg, S. J., Mackey, R. L., Page, B. R., & Slotow, R. (2008) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003233 · Cited by 46
Pedigrees and the Study of the Wild Horse Population of Assateague Island National Seashore
Eggert, L. S., Powell, D., Ballou, J. D., Malo, A. F., Turner, A., KUMER, J., Zimmerman, C. S., Fleischer, R. C., & Maldonado, J. E. (2010) · Journal of Wildlife Management · doi:10.2193/2009-231 · Cited by 45
Mammoth tracks indicate a declining Late Pleistocene population in southwestern Alberta, Canada
MCNEIL, P., Hills, L. V., Kooyman, B., & Tolman, S. (2004) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.08.019 · Cited by 45
Evans, K., & Hindell, M. A. (2004) · Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1017/s0952836904005096 · Cited by 44
Elephant (Loxodonta africana) Demography and Behaviour in the Tarangire-Manyara Ecosystem, Tanzania
Kioko, J., Zink, E., Sawdy, M. A., & Kiffner, C. (2013) · South African Journal of Wildlife Research · doi:10.3957/056.043.0109 · Cited by 44
Fritz, H. (2017) · Journal of Mammalogy · doi:10.1093/jmammal/gyx023 · Cited by 44
Chiyo, P. I., Moss, C. J., Archie, E. A., Hollister‐Smith, J. A., & Alberts, S. C. (2011) · Journal of Applied Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.01967.x · Cited by 44
Self-citationProcesses of Fragmentation in the Amboseli Ecosystem, Southern Kajiado District, Kenya
BurnSilver, S. B., Worden, J. S., & Boone, R. B. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-4906-4_10 · Cited by 44
Reproductive seasonality in African ungulates in relation to rainfall
Ogutu, J. O., Piepho, H.-P., & Dublin, H. T. (2014) · Wildlife Research · doi:10.1071/wr13211 · Cited by 42
Demography of a forest elephant population
Turkalo, A. K., Wrege, P. H., & Wittemyer, G. (2018) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0192777 · Cited by 42
Drake, M. D., Salerno, J., Langendorf, R. E., Cassidy, L., Gaughan, A. E., Stevens, F. R., Pricope, N. G., & Hartter, J. (2020) · Conservation Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/csp2.345 · Cited by 41
Modelling elephant population growth in small, fenced, South African reserves
Mackey, R. L., Page, B. R., Duffy, K. J., & Slotow, R. (2006) · Cited by 41
Measuring human–wildlife conflicts: Comparing insights from different monitoring approaches
Songhurst, A. (2017) · Wildlife Society Bulletin · doi:10.1002/wsb.773 · Cited by 41
Ahlering, M., Maldonado, J. E., Eggert, L. S., Fleischer, R. C., Western, D., & Brown, J. L. (2013) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/cobi.12061 · Cited by 40
Demography and viability of the largest population of greater one-horned rhinoceros in Nepal
Subedi, N., Lamichhane, B. R., Amin, R., Jnawali, S. R., & Jhala, Y. V. (2017) · Global Ecology and Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2017.11.008 · Cited by 39
Omollo, E. O., Wasonga, O. V., Elhadi, M. Y., & Mnene, W. N. (2018) · Pastoralism Research Policy and Practice · doi:10.1186/s13570-018-0113-9 · Cited by 39
Morrison, T. A., Chiyo, P. I., Moss, C. J., & Alberts, S. C. (2005) · Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1017/s0952836905006631 · Cited by 39
Self-citationOestrous state dynamics in chemical communication by captive female Asian elephants
Slade, B. E., Schulte, B. A., & Rasmussen, L. E. L. (2003) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1006/anbe.2003.2108 · Cited by 39
Do male African elephants, Loxodonta africana, signal musth via urine dribbling?
Hollister‐Smith, J. A., Alberts, S. C., & Rasmussen, L. E. L. (2008) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.05.033 · Cited by 38
Jones, T., Cusack, J. J., Pozo, R. A., Smit, J. B., Mkuburo, L., Baran, P., Lobora, A. L., Mduma, S., & Foley, C. (2018) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.01.030 · Cited by 38
Nandini, S., Keerthipriya, P., & Vidya, T. N. C. (2017) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/arx135 · Cited by 40
Chiyo, P. I., Wilson, J. W., Archie, E. A., Lee, P. C., Moss, C. J., & Alberts, S. C. (2014) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/aru152 · Cited by 37
Self-citationSelier, J., Page, B. R., Vanak, A. T., & Slotow, R. (2013) · Journal of Wildlife Management · doi:10.1002/jwmg.641 · Cited by 37
Demography of plains zebras ( Equus quagga ) under heavy predation
Grange, S., Barnier, F., Duncan, P., Gaillard, J., Valeix, M., Ncube, H., Périquet, S., & Fritz, H. (2015) · Population Ecology · doi:10.1007/s10144-014-0469-7 · Cited by 37
Short-term and delayed effects of mother death on calf mortality in Asian elephants
Lahdenperä, M., Mar, K. U., & Lummaa, V. (2015) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/arv136 · Cited by 38
Controls over reproductive phenology among ungulates: allometry and tropical‐temperate contrasts
Owen‐Smith, N., & Ogutu, J. O. (2013) · Ecography · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0587.2012.00156.x · Cited by 36
Ogutu, J. O., Owen-Smith, N., Piepho, H.-P., & Dublin, H. T. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0133744 · Cited by 35
Freeman, E. W., Whyte, I. J., & Brown, J. L. (2008) · African Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.2008.00957.x · Cited by 35
Science and Uncertainty in South Africa's Elephant Culling Debate
Dickson, P., & Adams, W. M. (2008) · Environment and Planning C Government and Policy · doi:10.1068/c0792j · Cited by 34
MATERNAL INVESTMENT IN CAPTIVE GIRAFFES
Bercovitch, F. B., Bashaw, M. J., Penny, C. G., & Rieches, R. G. (2004) · Journal of Mammalogy · doi:10.1644/1383938 · Cited by 34
Cattle dynamics in African grazing systems under variable climates
Boone, R. B., & Wang, G. (2007) · Journal of Arid Environments · doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.02.002 · Cited by 34
Dale, R. (2009) · Zoo Biology · doi:10.1002/zoo.20234 · Cited by 34
Krishnan, V., Kumar, M. A., Raghunathan, G., & Vijayakrishnan, S. (2019) · Tropical Conservation Science · doi:10.1177/1940082918822599 · Cited by 33
Effects of Economic Downturns on Mortality of Wild African Elephants
Wittemyer, G. (2011) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2011.01713.x · Cited by 33
Holdø, R. M., Holt, R. D., & Fryxell, J. M. (2012) · Oikos · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0706.2012.20735.x · Cited by 33
The status of rhinoceroses in South African National Parks
Ferreira, S. M., Bissett, C., Cowell, C., Gaylard, A., Greaver, C., Hayes, J., Hofmeyr, M., der Vyver, L. M.-V., & Zimmermann, D. (2017) · Koedoe · doi:10.4102/koedoe.v59i1.1392 · Cited by 32
Review of options for managing the impacts of locally overabundant African elephants
Balfour, D. A., Dublin, H., Fennessy, J., Gibson, D., Niskanen, L., & Whyte, I. J. (2007) · Cited by 32
How survival curves affect populations’ vulnerability to climate change
Halley, J. M., Houtan, K. S. V., & Mantua, N. J. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0203124 · Cited by 32
A new approach to estimate fecundity rate from inter‐birth intervals
Civil, M. A., Cheney, B. J., Quick, N. J., Thompson, P. M., & Hammond, P. S. (2017) · Ecosphere · doi:10.1002/ecs2.1796 · Cited by 31
Morley, R. C., & van Aarde, R. J. (2006) · Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00225.x · Cited by 31
Druce, H. C., Mackey, R. L., & Slotow, R. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0027952 · Cited by 30
Palaeohistology reveals a slow pace of life for the dwarfed Sicilian elephant
Köhler, M., Herridge, V. L., Meneses, C. N., Fortuny, J., Moncunill-Solé, B., Rosso, A., Sanfilippo, R., Palombo, M. R., & Moyà‐Solà, S. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-02192-4 · Cited by 30
Woolley, L.-A., Mackey, R. L., Page, B. R., & Slotow, R. (2008) · Oryx · doi:10.1017/s0030605308000495 · Cited by 30
Birth seasonality and calf mortality in a large population of Asian elephants
Mumby, H. S., Courtiol, A., Mar, K. U., & Lummaa, V. (2013) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.746 · Cited by 33
Brood parasitism, relatedness and sociality: a kinship role in female reproductive tactics
Andersson, M., Åhlund, M., & Waldeck, P. (2018) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/brv.12455 · Cited by 30
Pienaar, E. F., Jarvis, L. S., & Larson, D. M. (2013) · The Journal of Development Studies · doi:10.1080/00220388.2012.720366 · Cited by 29
Male African elephants (Loxodonta africana) queue when the stakes are high
O'Connell‐Rodwell, C. E., WOOD, J. D., Kinzley, C., Rodwell, T. C., Alarcón, C. N., Wasser, S. K., & Sapolsky, R. M. (2011) · Ethology Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1080/03949370.2011.598569 · Cited by 29
Schmitt, M. H., Ward, D., & Shrader, A. M. (2016) · Ecological Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.03.016 · Cited by 29
Ishengoma, D. S., Shedlock, A. M., Foley, C., Foley, L. J., Wasser, S. K., Balthazary, S. T., & Mutayoba, B. M. (2007) · Conservation Genetics · doi:10.1007/s10592-007-9332-0 · Cited by 29
The demography and life history strategies of timber elephants in Myanmar.
Mar, K. U. (2002) · Doctoral thesis, University of London. · Cited by 29
Early age reproduction in female savanna elephants (Loxodonta africana) after severe poaching
Owens, M., & OWENS, D. D. (2009) · African Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.2008.01001.x · Cited by 28
Wooddell, L. J., Kaburu, S., Rosenberg, K. L., Meyer, J. S., Suomi, S. J., & Dettmer, A. M. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0157108 · Cited by 28
The mechanism of background extinction
Wiens, D., & Slaton, M. R. (2011) · Biological Journal of the Linnean Society · doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01819.x · Cited by 29
LaDue, C. A., Schulte, B. A., Kiso, W. K., & Freeman, E. W. (2021) · Behaviour · doi:10.1163/1568539x-bja10120 · Cited by 30
Morgan, B. J., & Lee, P. C. (2003) · Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1017/s0952836902003291 · Cited by 28
Nielsen, M. L. K., Ellis, S., Towers, J. R., Doniol‐Valcroze, T., Franks, D. W., Cant, M. A., Weiss, M. N., Johnstone, R. A., Balcomb, K. C., Ellifrit, D. K., et al. (2021) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.7756 · Cited by 27
Obanda, V., Iwaki, T., Mutinda, N. M., & Gakuya, F. (2011) · South African Journal of Wildlife Research · doi:10.3957/056.041.0203 · Cited by 27
Social networks in African elephants
Vance, E. A., Archie, E. A., & Moss, C. J. (2009) · Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory · doi:10.1007/s10588-008-9045-z · Cited by 27
Self-citationPittet, F., Johnson, C., & Hinde, K. (2017) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.23286 · Cited by 27
Valades, G. B., Ganswindt, A., Annandale, H., Schulman, M. L., & Bertschinger, H. J. (2012) · Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology · doi:10.1186/1477-7827-10-63 · Cited by 27
LETHAL MANAGEMENT OF ELEPHANTS
Slotow, R., Whyte, I. J., Hofmeyr, M., Kerley, G. I. H., Conway, T., & Scholes, R. J. (2008) · Wits University Press eBooks · doi:10.18772/22008034792.19 · Cited by 26
Taming age mortality in semi-captive Asian elephants
Crawley, J. A. H., Lahdenperä, M., Oo, Z. M., Htut, W., Nandar, H., & Lummaa, V. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-58590-7 · Cited by 26
The Centrality of Ancestral Grandmothering in Human Evolution
Hawkes, K. (2020) · Integrative and Comparative Biology · doi:10.1093/icb/icaa029 · Cited by 25
Meguro, T., & Inoue, M. (2011) · Human Dimensions of Wildlife · doi:10.1080/10871209.2011.531516 · Cited by 25
Daniel, A., & Moe, S. R. (2006) · African Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.2006.00599.x · Cited by 25
Ogutu, J. O., Piepho, H.-P., & Dublin, H. T. (2014) · Wildlife Research · doi:10.1071/wr13117 · Cited by 24
Dezeure, J., Charpentier, M. J. E., & Huchard, É. (2022) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2022.01.002 · Cited by 24
Why Do African Elephants (Loxodonta africana) Simulate Oestrus? An Analysis of Longitudinal Data
Bates, L. A., Handford, R., Lee, P. C., Njiraini, N., Poole, J. H., Sayialel, K. N., Sayialel, S., Moss, C. J., & Byrne, R. W. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010052 · Cited by 24
Self-citationHodgkinson, C. A. (2009) · UCL Discovery (University College London) · Cited by 24
Aging: What We Can Learn From Elephants
Chusyd, D. E., Ackermans, N. L., Austad, S. N., Hof, P. R., Mielke, M. M., Sherwood, C. C., & Allison, D. B. (2021) · Frontiers in Aging · doi:10.3389/fragi.2021.726714 · Cited by 23
Jackson, J., Mar, K. U., Htut, W., Childs, D. Z., & Lummaa, V. (2020) · Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2656.13290 · Cited by 23
Hahn, N. R., Wall, J., Snyder, K. D., Goss, M., Sairowua, W., Mbise, N. L., Estes, A. B., Ndambuki, S., Mjingo, E. E., Douglas‐Hamilton, I., et al. (2021) · Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2656.13605 · Cited by 28
Dung survey bias and elephant population estimates in southern Mozambique
Olivier, P. I., Ferreira, S. M., & van Aarde, R. J. (2009) · African Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.2008.00983.x · Cited by 23
Pilliod, D. S., & Scherer, R. D. (2015) · Journal of Wildlife Management · doi:10.1002/jwmg.868 · Cited by 23
Does grandparental care select for a longer lifespan in non-human mammals?
Péron, G., Bonenfant, C., Lemaître, J., Ronget, V., Tidière, M., & Gaillard, J. (2019) · Biological Journal of the Linnean Society · doi:10.1093/biolinnean/blz078 · Cited by 22
Asian elephants exhibit post-reproductive lifespans
Chapman, S. N., Jackson, J. A., Htut, W., Lummaa, V., & Lahdenperä, M. (2019) · BMC Evolutionary Biology · doi:10.1186/s12862-019-1513-1 · Cited by 25
Observations on the natural history of a savanna drought
Smit, I. P. J., & Bond, W. J. (2020) · African Journal of Range and Forage Science · doi:10.2989/10220119.2020.1723695 · Cited by 21
Female sociality and kin discrimination in brood parasitism: unrelated females fight over egg laying
Andersson, M., Waldeck, P., Hanssen, S. A., & Moe, B. (2015) · Behavioral Ecology · doi:10.1093/beheco/arv007 · Cited by 21
Trimble, M. J., van Aarde, R. J., Ferreira, S. M., Nørgaard, C. F., Fourie, J., Lee, P. C., & Moss, C. J. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0026614 · Cited by 21
Self-citationLoizi, H., Goodwin, T. E., Rasmussen, Whitehouse, A. M., & Schulte, B. A. (2009) · Behaviour · doi:10.1163/156853909x410964 · Cited by 21
Freeman, E. W., Meyer, J. M., Putman, S. B., Schulte, B. A., & Brown, J. L. (2013) · Conservation Physiology · doi:10.1093/conphys/cot025 · Cited by 20
The status of African elephant Loxodonta africana populations in South Africa
Pretorius, Y., Garaï, M. E., & Bates, L. A. (2018) · Oryx · doi:10.1017/s0030605317001454 · Cited by 22
Does Social Complexity Drive Vocal Complexity? Insights from the Two African Elephant Species
Hedwig, D., Poole, J. H., & Granli, P. (2021) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani11113071 · Cited by 24
Dow, T. L., Roudebush, W. E., Parker, F. N., & Brown, J. L. (2010) · Theriogenology · doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.10.002 · Cited by 20
Proctor, C. M., Freeman, E. W., & Brown, J. L. (2009) · Zoo Biology · doi:10.1002/zoo.20292 · Cited by 20
Estimating Survival for Elusive Juvenile Pond‐Breeding Salamanders
Messerman, A. F., Semlitsch, R. D., & Leal, M. (2020) · Journal of Wildlife Management · doi:10.1002/jwmg.21815 · Cited by 19
Schüßler, D., Lee, P. C., & Stadtmann, R. (2018) · Landscape Ecology · doi:10.1007/s10980-018-0728-7 · Cited by 19
Need for longitudinal studies of Asian wildlife in the face of crises
de Silva, S. (2016) · Global Ecology and Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2016.03.010 · Cited by 19
Environnement, discours et pouvoir
Benjaminsen, T. A., & Svarstad, H. (2012) · Éditions Quæ eBooks · doi:10.3917/quae.gaut.2012.01.0111 · Cited by 19
Metadata
- Authors
- Moss, C. J.
- Corresponding author
- Moss, Cynthia J.
- ORCID
- Moss, Cynthia J.
- Venue
- Journal of Zoology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2001-10
- Volume
- 255
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 145-156
- ISSN
- 0952-8369 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7998
- OpenAlex
- W2138633487
- Cited by
- 374
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 6.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Zoology (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Princeton University
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Marine animal studies overview
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Keywords
- Loxodonta africana, demography, Amboseli National Park, birth rate, sex ratio at birth, age at first birth, birth interval, fecundity, calf survival, sex differences in mortality
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review