False belief understanding in maltreated children
Abstract
False belief understanding was investigated in maltreated (N = 203), low socioeconomic status (SES) nonmaltreated (N = 143), and middle SES nonmaltreated (N = 172) 3- to 8-year-old children. Contrasts among the three groups provided an opportunity to examine the impact of family contextual influences on theory of mind development. Specifically, child maltreatment served as an “experiment of nature” in order to elucidate theory of mind abilities. Two false belief tasks and language assessments were administered. Among children with a verbal mental age of 49 months or greater, maltreatment was related to delays in the development of theory of mind, beyond the influence of chronological age and SES. The occurrence of maltreatment during the toddler period, onset during the toddler years, and physical abuse were features of maltreatment associated with delay in the development of theory of mind. Findings are discussed in terms of the influence of harsh caregiving on the development of theory of mind. Implications for the understanding of normal developmental processes are highlighted.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
There is a somewhat less well-established association between childhood adversity, potential to develop disorganized attachment, and delays and problems with mentalization.
“There is also a somewhat less well-established association between childhood adversity, the potential to develop disorganized attachment, and delays and problems with mentalization (Cicchetti, Rogosch, Maughan, Toth, & Bruce, 2003; Frodi & Smetana, 1984; Pears & Fisher, 2005; Rogosch, Cicchetti, & Aber, 1995; Smith & Walden, 1999).”
From A developmental, mentalization-based approach to the understanding and treatment of borderline personality disorder (2009) · cites this paper as Cicchetti, Rogosch, Maughan, Toth, & Bruce, 2003
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Fonagy, P., & Luyten, P. (2009) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579409990198 · Cited by 1,146 · see citing works
Cicchetti, D., & Toth, S. L. (2005) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.144029 · Cited by 861 · see citing works
Self-citationColvert, E., Rutter, M., Kreppner, J., Beckett, C., Castle, J., Groothues, C., Hawkins, A., Stevens, S., & Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S. (2008) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10802-008-9232-x · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Ensink, K., Normandin, L., Target, M., Fonagy, P., Sabourin, S., & Berthelot, N. (2015) · British Journal of Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjdp.12074 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Social cognition in borderline personality disorder
Roepke, S., Vater, A., Preißler, S., Heekeren, H. R., & Dziobek, I. (2013) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2012.00195 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Brain mechanisms underlying the impact of attachment-related stress on social cognition
Nolte, T., Bolling, D. Z., Hudac, C. M., Fonagy, P., Mayes, L., & Pelphrey, K. A. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00816 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Cicchetti, D., Rogosch, F. A., Toth, S. L., & Sturge-Apple, M. L. (2011) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579411000307 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Self-citationEnsink, K., Berthelot, N., Bernazzani, O., Normandin, L., & Fonagy, P. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01471 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Rosso, A. M., Viterbori, P., & Scopesi, A. M. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01134 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
A Systematic Review of the Evidence for Impaired Cognitive Theory of Mind in Maltreated Children
Benarous, X., Guilé, J.-M., Consoli, A., & Cohen, D. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00108 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Quek, J., Newman, L. K., Bennett, C., Gordon, M. S., Saeedi, N., & Melvin, G. A. (2017) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.08.008 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
- Authors
- CICCHETTI, D., ROGOSCH, F. A., MAUGHAN, A., TOTH, S. L., & BRUCE, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Rochester Medicine (US)
- University of Rochester (US)
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Venue
- Development and Psychopathology
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2003-11-14
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1067-1091
- ISSN
- 0954-5794 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-2198
- OpenAlex
- W2101817544
- Cited by
- 180
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 6.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Development and Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- false belief understanding, theory of mind development, child abuse, physical abuse, socioeconomic status, language development, cognitive development, preschool children
- MeSH terms
- Child, Child Abuse, Child, Preschool, Humans, Repression, Psychology
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
