The DOI matches its Crossref record; 102 of the 103 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Stability, change, and heritability of borderline personality disorder traits from adolescence to adulthood: A longitudinal twin study
Open accessAbstract
Although personality disorders are best understood in the context of lifetime development, there is a paucity of work examining their longitudinal trajectory. An understanding of the expected course and the genetic and environmental contributions to these disorders is necessary for a detailed understanding of risk processes that lead to their manifestation. The current study examined the longitudinal course and heritability of borderline personality disorder (BPD) over a period of 10 years starting in adolescence (age 14) and ending in adulthood (age 24). In doing so, we built on existing research by using a large community sample of adolescent female twins, a sensitive dimensional measure of BPD traits, an extended follow-up period, and a longitudinal twin design that allowed us to investigate the heritability of BPD traits at four discrete ages spanning midadolescence to early adulthood. Results indicated that mean-level BPD traits significantly decline from adolescence to adulthood, but rank order stability remained high. BPD traits were moderately heritable at all ages, with a slight trend for increased heritability from age 14 to age 24. A genetically informed latent growth curve model indicated that both the stability and change of BPD traits are highly influenced by genetic factors and modestly by nonshared environmental factors. Our results indicate that as is the case for other personality dimensions, trait BPD declines as individuals mature from adolescence to adulthood, and that this process is influenced in part by the same genetic factors that influence BPD trait stability.
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“Though initially considered a disorder limited to adults, recent longitudinal and genetic findings establish BPD in adolescents as a valid diagnostic entity, warranting empirical attention [4–6].”
From First evidence of a prospective relation between avoidance of internal states and borderline personality disorder features in adolescents. (2015) · cites this paper as [4]
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“Similarly, Bornovalova et al. (35), who investigated the stability and heritability of BPD in a community sample, showed a significant mean-level decline from age 14 to 24, although rank-order stability was high.”
From Prevalence and 10-year stability of personality disorders from adolescence to young adulthood in a high-risk sample (2022) · cites this paper as [35]
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Can We Differentiate Borderline Personality Disorder from Bipolar Disorder?
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Violence, self-harm and substance misuse
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Understanding personality functioning and its impairments in adolescents
Gaudiešiūtė, E. (2026) · doi:10.15388/vu.thesis.927
PREDICTORS OF THE DARK TRIAD PERSONALITY: PER-CEIVED PARENTING STYLES AND CHILDHOOD TRAU-MAS
Açar, D., & DEMİRALP, C. (2026) · İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.17679/inuefd.1947654
Metadata
- Authors
- Bornovalova, M. A., Hicks, B. M., Iacono, W. G., & McGue, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bornovalova, Marina A.
- Venue
- Development and Psychopathology
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2009-10-14
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1335-1353
- ISSN
- 0954-5794 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-2198
- PMC
- PMC2789483
- OpenAlex
- W2121646188
- Cited by
- 216
- References
- 103
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 9.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Development and Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA009367, R37AA009367, AA-09367)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH017069, T32MH017069)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA13240, DA-05147, R01DA013240, R01DA005147, R37DA005147)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- borderline personality disorder, adolescence, adulthood, longitudinal development, heritability, genetic factors, nonshared environment, rank-order stability, trait change, latent growth curve models, female twins
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Psychology, Adolescent, Borderline Personality Disorder, Child, Environment, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Change, Twins, Dizygotic, Twins, Monozygotic, Cohort Studies, Young Adult
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