The DOI matches its Crossref record; 170 of the 170 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Pregnancy as a period of risk, adaptation, and resilience for mothers and infants
Open accessAbstract
The pregnancy period represents a unique window of opportunity to identify risks to both the fetus and mother and to deter the intergenerational transmission of adversity and mental health problems. Although the maternal–fetal dyad is especially vulnerable to the effects of stress during pregnancy, less is known about how the dyad is also receptive to salutary, resilience-promoting influences. The present review adopts life span and intergenerational perspectives to review four key areas of research. The first part describes how pregnancy is a sensitive period for both the mother and fetus. In the second part, the focus is on antecedents of maternal prenatal risks pertaining to prenatal stress response systems and mental health. The third part then turns to elucidating how these alterations in prenatal stress physiology and mental health problems may affect infant and child outcomes. The fourth part underscores how pregnancy is also a time of heightened fetal receptivity to maternal and environmental signals, with profound implications for adaptation. This section also reviews empirical evidence of promotive and protective factors that buffer the mother and fetus from developmental and adaptational problems and covers a sample of rigorous evidence-based prenatal interventions that prevent maladaptation in the maternal–fetal dyad before babies are born. Finally, recommendations elaborate on how to further strengthen understanding of pregnancy as a period of multilevel risk and resilience, enhance comprehensive prenatal screening, and expand on prenatal interventions to promote maternal–fetal adaptation before birth.
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“Adverse conditions, such as the pandemic, during developmental windows of heightened plasticity increase the risk of maladaptive stress responses.”
From Post-partum Women’s Anxiety and Parenting Stress: Home-Visiting Protective Effect During the COVID-19 Pandemic (2022) · cites this paper as Davis & Narayan, 2020
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“However, the extant literature suggests that these practices may increase the risk of postpartum depression in some mothers [5, 6].”
From Understanding mothers’ lived experiences of postpartum depression: a qualitative phenomenological study (2025) · cites this paper as [6]
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Pantelis, C., Peng, D., Merritt, A. H., Choy, K. H. C., Liong, S., Brkljača, R., Wannan, C., Thivisol, U., Wright, D. K., Christopoulos, A., et al. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10546527/v1
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“Gestation is a period of accelerated biological and psychological change during which the maternal nervous, endocrine, and immune systems must adapt rapidly to the metabolic demands of the developing fetus [1].”
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“Pregnancy is a critical and transformative stage in a woman’s life, characterized by significant physiological, emotional, and behavioral changes that require comprehensive health management to optimize outcomes for both mother and child [1,2].”
Orientación familiar para la estimulación prenatal en el Programa “Creciendo con nuestros hijos”
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Association Between E-Health Literacy and OGTT Status at Study Enrollment Among Pregnant Women
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“This represents a gap in knowledge regarding how social safety net policies may be associated with maternal well-being during this sensitive developmental window (Davis & Narayan, 2020).”
A systematic review of mobile phone use and pregnancy and fetal outcomes
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“Therefore, contemporary antenatal care emphasizes not only the prevention and management of obstetric complications but also the promotion of maternal well-being and positive pregnancy experiences (Davis et al., 2020).”
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The Role of Resiliency Education in Prenatal Classes on Maternal Mental Health
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Maternal mental health and its intergenerational transmission in-utero: a scoping review
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Metadata
- Authors
- Davis, E. P., & Narayan, A. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Denver (US)
- Corresponding author
- Davis, Elysia Poggi
- Venue
- Development and Psychopathology
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2020-12
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1625-1639
- ISSN
- 0954-5794 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-2198
- PMC
- PMC7863987
- OpenAlex
- W3119751906
- Cited by
- 297
- References
- 169
- Citations by year
- 2026: 72 · 2025: 72 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 3.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Development and Psychopathology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Society for Research in Child Development
- National Institutes of Health (MH096889)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL155744)
- National Institute of Mental Health (P50MH096889, R01MH109662)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Keywords
- pregnancy, maternal-fetal dyad, prenatal stress, resilience, prenatal mental health, prenatal intervention, fetal development, infant outcomes, child outcomes, prenatal screening, protective factors
- MeSH terms
- Child, Female, Humans, Infant, Mothers, Pregnancy, Protective Factors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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