The DOI matches its Crossref record; 74 of the 75 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 67 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care
Open accessAbstract
This editorial provides an overview of how far access to mental health care is limited by perceptions of stigma and anticipated discrimination. Globally over 70% of young people and adults with mental illness receive no treatment from healthcare staff. The rates of non-treatment are far higher in low income countries. Evidence from some descriptive studies and epidemiological surveys suggest that potent factors increasing the likelihood of treatment avoidance, or long delays before presenting for care include: (i) lack of knowledge about the features and treatability of mental illnesses; (ii) ignorance about how to access assessment and treatment; (iii) prejudice against people who have mental illness, and (iv) expectations of discrimination against people who have a diagnosis of mental illness. The associations between low rates of help seeking, and stigma and discrimination are as yet poorly understood and require more careful characterisation and analysis, providing the platform for more effective action to ensure that a greater proportion of people with mental illness are effectively treated in future.
Overview
AI snapshot
Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This editorial argues that stigma and discrimination are major barriers to mental health care, with most people with mental illness untreated worldwide. It synthesizes evidence on treatment gaps, help-seeking delays, and disadvantaged groups, concluding that the links between low help seeking and stigma/discrimination remain poorly understood.
Key findings
- Globally over 70% of young people and adults with mental illness receive no treatment from healthcare staff; in the USA 31% are affected annually but 67% are untreated, in Europe 27% are affected and 74% receive no treatment, and in Nigeria only 1.6% received mental health care over 12 months. A WHO overview of 37 studies found untreated proportions of 32.2% for schizophrenia, 56.3% for depression, 56.0% for dysthymia, 50.2% for bipolar disorder, 55.9% for panic disorder, 57.5% for generalised anxiety disorder, 57.3% for obsessive compulsive disorder, and 78.1% for alcohol abuse and dependence.
- Help seeking is often delayed: after clear-cut signs of a psychotic disorder, it takes on average over a year to first receive assessment and treatment; in a US survey of almost 10,000 adults, average delays were 8 years for mood disorders and at least 9 years for anxiety disorders. Only 41% of people with mental illness in the previous year had received any treatment, and a quarter first went to a member of the clergy (31% in the 1950s and 24% in the 1990s), more than went first to a psychiatrist (17%) or general medical practitioner (17%).
- Stigma and anticipated discrimination reduce help seeking: in a survey of over 3000 US military staff after combat duty in Iraq or Afghanistan, 60–77% of unwell soldiers did not seek mental health care, largely related to concerns about stigmatisation. In rural Virginia, over a third of residents had a diagnosed mental disorder but only 6% sought help; African Americans receive mental health care about half as often as white people.
- Stigma is described as an amalgamation of ignorance/misinformation, prejudice, and discrimination, with rejection and avoidance of people with mental illness appearing universal; no known country, society, or culture considers people with a mental illness diagnosis to have the same value and acceptability as those without.
Methods
- Design: editorial overview, not primary research; it synthesizes descriptive studies, epidemiological surveys, and prior reviews to examine how stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care.
- Data/sample: no primary dataset; evidence includes a WHO overview of 37 studies, a US national survey of almost 10,000 adults, a survey of over 3000 military staff, and other cited studies from multiple countries.
- Main analysis: narrative synthesis of treatment rates, help-seeking delays, pathways to care, and stigma/discrimination factors, with illustrative quotations and examples.
Limitations
- The paper states that the associations between low rates of help seeking and stigma/discrimination are “as yet poorly understood and require more careful characterisation and analysis”; it also states that the quality of information is relatively poor, with very few comparative studies between countries or over time, and that rural evidence is patchy.
- Evident from the text: as an editorial, it does not describe a systematic search strategy, inclusion criteria, or quantitative synthesis, so its conclusions rely on selected cited studies and examples rather than a formal systematic review.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
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Claims the paper makes
46 Not checked yet · 4 No basis given · 2 Own interpretation
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Globally over 70% of young people and adults with mental illness receive no treatment from healthcare staff.”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Kohn et al, 2004a
- Not checked yetcites Thornicroft, 2007
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“This under-treatment occurs even in countries with the best resources”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > MOST PEOPLE WITH MENTAL ILLNESS ARE NOT TREATED
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Kohn et al, 2004a
- Not checked yetcites Thornicroft, 2007
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“the reluctance of many people to seek help for mental illness related problems because of their anticipation of stigma should they be diagnosed”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > MOST PEOPLE WITH MENTAL ILLNESS ARE NOT TREATED
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Kohn et al, 2004a
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“The combination of these three elements has a powerful force for social exclusion”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > STIGMA: A COMBINATION OF IGNORANCE, PREJUDICE AND DISCRIMINATION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Thornicroft, 2006b
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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In the paper
“The rates of non-treatment are far higher in low income countries.”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Wang et al, 2007
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“studies from several countries have consistently found that even after a family member has developed clear-cut signs of a psychotic disorder, on average it is over a year until the unwell person first receives assessment and treatment”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Compton et al., 2004
- Not checked yetcites Johannessen et al., 2001
- Not checked yetcites Black et al., 2001
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“lack of knowledge about the features and treatability of mental illnesses”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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In the paper
“The study concluded that 'most people with mental disorders in the United States remain either untreated or poorly treated.'”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Wang et al, 2005b
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“the reluctance of many people who do have a diagnosis of mental illness to advocate for better mental health care for fear of shame and rejection if they disclose their condition”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > MOST PEOPLE WITH MENTAL ILLNESS ARE NOT TREATED
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Kohn et al, 2004a
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“at least two thirds receive no treatment”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > MOST PEOPLE WITH MENTAL ILLNESS ARE NOT TREATED
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Kohn et al, 2004a
- Not checked yetcites Thornicroft, 2007
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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- It may state two separate claims as one. 26
- Probably not a substantial claim. 2
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Even under better resourced countries, it is known that most people with a mental illness in the United States do not seek assistance.An early national survey found that fewer than one third of all mentally ill people received assessment and treatment, although the rate rose to 60% for people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Narrow et al, 1993
- Not checked yetcites Regier et al, 1993
- Not checked yetcites Kessler et al, 2005b
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Revealingly the general public thought that mental health staff is useful for treating people with schizophrenia, but not for depression.The reason for this is that most people felt that schizophrenia was caused by biological or uncontrollable influences, while they understood depression to be a consequence of 'social disintegration'”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Angermeyer et al, 1999
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“mental health specialists providing care that was at least reasonable in about half (48%) of the cases they say, while in primary care only 13% of people treated received care that was adequate”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Wang et al, 2005b
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The proportions of people with mental illness who are treated in low and medium resource countries (LAMIC) are far less, for example a recent worldwide survey found that the proportion of respondents receiving mental health care over 12 months was as low as 1.6% in Nigeria, and that in most of the 17 countries studied only a minority of people with severe disorder received treatment”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > MOST PEOPLE WITH MENTAL ILLNESS ARE NOT TREATED
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Wang et al, 2007
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“An international study of depression found that 0% of people with depression in St. Petersburg received evidence-based treatment in primary care, and only 3% were referred on to specialist mental health care at all (Simon et al, 2004a).But the major barrier to care in that Russian site was money: an inability to afford treatment costs was the main barrier to care for 75% of the depressed Russian”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Simon et al, 2004a
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Unmet needs were greater for the poor: older people, minority ethnic groups, those with low incomes or without insurance, and residents of rural areas”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Wang et al, 2005b
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“So no single factor is enough to explain complex patterns of help seeking.Nevertheless the weight of evidence does suggest that even when there are no major financial barriers to care, that many people do not seek help or minimize their contact with services in an attempt to avoid being labeled as mentally ill”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Corrigan, 2004a
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“In the USA, for example, 31% of the population are affected by mental illness every year, but 67% of these individuals are not treated”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > MOST PEOPLE WITH MENTAL ILLNESS ARE NOT TREATED
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Kessler et al, 2005a
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“People who wait longer than average before receiving care are more likely to be young, old, male, poorly educated, or a member of a racial/ethnic minority”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Wang et al, 2005a
- Not checked yetcites Morgan & Fearon, 2007
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Indeed one particular study of depressed people in St Petersburg only 3% were treated (Simon et al, 2004b), both because of the low level of coverage of services, and because of demand limiting factors such as the need for out-of-pocket payments to afford treatment.”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > MOST PEOPLE WITH MENTAL ILLNESS ARE NOT TREATED
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Simon et al, 2004b
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“in Europe mental illness affects 27% of people every year, 74% of whom receive no treatment”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > MOST PEOPLE WITH MENTAL ILLNESS ARE NOT TREATED
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Wittchen & Jacobi, 2005
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The results showed that the majority of people with mental disorders eventually contact treatment services, but they often wait a long time before doing so: with average delays before seeking help of 8 years for mood disorders, and at least 9 years for anxiety disorders.”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Wang et al, 2005a
plainn = 10,000- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Although each year approaching 30% of the population worldwide has some form of mental illness”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > MOST PEOPLE WITH MENTAL ILLNESS ARE NOT TREATED
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Kohn et al, 2004a
- Not checked yetcites Thornicroft, 2007
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Several American studies suggest that African Americans receive mental health care about half as often as white people (Diala et al, 2000;Snowden, 2001;Snowden, 2003), even though they have higher rates of some mental disorders”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Diala et al, 2000
- Not checked yetcites Snowden, 2001
- Not checked yetcites Snowden, 2003
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Similar findings also emerged from a study in Iowa where people living in the most rural environments were more likely to hold stigmatising attitudes toward mental health care than people in towns, and such views strongly predicted willingness to seek care”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Hoyt et al, 1997
boostedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“They concluded that the 'reasons for the continuing gap include patient, provider, and health care system factors.Patient-based reasons include: failure to recognize the symptoms, underestimating the severity, limited access, reluctance to see a mental health care specialist due to stigma, noncompliance with treatment, and lack of health insurance.”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Hirschfeld et al, 1997
- Not checked yetcites Castiello & Magliano, 2007
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In summary, this paper shows that stigmatisation against people with mental illness is common wherever it has been studied, and that these processes present formidable barriers both to social inclusion and to proper access to mental health care.”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Black people with a mental illness are more likely to seek help if their families are supportive, and if a family member has had a positive personal experience of mental health care.In one study they did not view mental health on a continuum of wellbeing, but tended to think of themselves as either mentally healthy or mentally ill.Many interviewees said they did not think they were 'crazy',”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Hines-Martin et al, 2003a
- Not checked yetcites Davis & Ford, 2004
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The rural residents with a history of depression labeled people who sought professional help more negatively than their urban counterparts.By the same token, those who labeled depression more negatively were less likely to have sought professional help”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Rost et al, 1993
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“A study of parents in rural areas of North Carolina concluded that although as many as 20% of children had some type of treatable mental illness, only about one-third of them received help from the mental health system (Costello et ai, 2001;Angold et ai, 2002).The researchers found that one of the main barriers to care was stigma toward the use of the mental health care.”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Costello et al, 2001
- Not checked yetcites Angold et al, 2002
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“So it seems to be true that stigma about mental illness is no less in many rural areas, and may be even stronger than in towns and cities.In part this may be based upon fears that a rural community will learn details about a period of mental illness, while it is easier in cities to remain anonymous.”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Most of the unwell soldiers (60-77%) did not seek mental health care, largely related to concerns about possible stigmatisation”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Hoge et al., 2004
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“These factors have been described as: socio-cultural (health beliefs and mistrust of services), systemic (lack of culturally competent practices in mental health services) (Corrigan et al, 2004), economic (lack of health insurance), or individual barriers (denial of mental health problems)”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Corrigan et al, 2004
- Not checked yetcites Swanson & Ward, 1995
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“a survey of rural residents in Virginia found that over a third of the population had a diagnosed mental disorder, but only 6% subsequently sought help, and those who did not go for treatment said that they 'felt there was no need'”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Fox et al, 1999
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The interplay of these factors produces the contradictory situation in which black groups may have higher rates of many mental illnesses, lower rates of general referral and treatment, but higher rates of compulsory treatment and forensic service contact”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Keating & Robertson, 2004
- Not checked yetcites National Institute for Mental Health in England, 2003
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The following common beliefs are likely to reduce their likelihood of seeking help: that psychiatric treatments are ineffective (Corrigan, 2004b); that others would react with avoidance; or that a person should solve their own problems”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Corrigan, 2004b
- Not checked yetcites Kessler et al, 2001
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Evidence from Tennessee also showed that among people who were mentally unwell, those more likely to seek help were women, younger people and those who had been treated for a mental illness previously”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Smith et al, 2004
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
There is no known country, society or culture in which people with mental illness with a diagnosis are considered to have the same value and to be as acceptable as people who do not have mental illness.
“Indeed there is no known country, society or culture in which people with mental illness with a diagnosis are considered to have the same value and to be as acceptable as people who do not have mental illness.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The core experiences of shame and blame are common everywhere stigma has been studied, but to differing extents.
“The core experiences of shame (to oneself and one's family) and blame (from others) are common everywhere stigma has been studied, but to differing extents.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Rejection and avoidance of people with a diagnosis of mental illness appear to be a universal phenomenon.
“Finally, rejection and avoidance of people with a diagnosis of mental illness appear to be universal phenomenon”
The paper relies on this without support.
A strong reluctance to be seen as mentally ill appears to be a universal phenomenon.
“A strong reluctance to be seen as mentally ill appears to be a universal phenomenon.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Most people of all cultures have relatively little accurate and useful knowledge about mental illness.
“There is an important general point here: that most people of all cultures have relatively little accurate and useful knowledge about mental illness.”
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The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Thus, discrimination, prejudice, and stereotypes present in society not only severely impact the recovery process, quality of life, and well-being of people with mental illnesses and their families, but also represent the main gap in accessing specialized mental health services by the general population [4,5].”
From Innovative Technology–Based Interventions to Reduce Stigma Toward People With Mental Illness: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [4]
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In the paper
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
“Only about a third”
§ Stigma and discrimination limit access to mental health care > LIMITED ACCESS TO MENTAL HEALTH CARE
“(41%)”
Citations
Cites
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Hoge, C. W., Castro, C. A., Messer, S. C., McGurk, D., Cotting, D. I., & Koffman, R. L. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa040603 · Cited by 4,778
How stigma interferes with mental health care.
Corrigan, P. (2004) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.59.7.614 · Cited by 3,648 · cited 2×
“The following common beliefs are likely to reduce their likelihood of seeking help: that psychiatric treatments are ineffective (Corrigan, 2004b); that others would react with avoidance; or that a person should solve their own problems (Kessler et al, 2001).”
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“…found that fewer than one third of all mentally ill people received assessment and treatment, although the rate rose to 60% Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale, 17, 1, 2008 G. Thornicroft for people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia (Narrow et al, 1993; Regier et al, 1993; Wang et al, 2005b).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe de Facto US Mental and Addictive Disorders Service System
Regier, D. A. (1993) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1993.01820140007001 · Cited by 1,988
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“At the same time strong family encouragement to go for mental health assessment and treatment does often work (Link et al, 1989).”
BackgroundPrevalence and Treatment of Mental Disorders, 1990 to 2003
Kessler, R. C., Demler, O., Frank, R. G., Olfson, M., Pincus, H. A., Walters, E. E., Wang, P., Wells, K. B., & Zaslavsky, A. M. (2005) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa043266 · Cited by 1,910
Resources for mental health: scarcity, inequity, and inefficiency
Saxena, S., Thornicroft, G., Knapp, M., & Whiteford, H. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61239-2 · Cited by 1,789
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Size and burden of mental disorders in Europe—a critical review and appraisal of 27 studies
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Research works printed but not linked: 5
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- Thornicroft, 2006, Actions Speak Louder: Tackling Discrimination against People with Mental Illness
- 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.9.1626 · DOI
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 431
Besterman‐Dahan, K., Lind, J. D., & Crocker, T. (2013) · Annals of Anthropological Practice · doi:10.1111/napa.12032 · Cited by 11
Berryessa, C. M., & Krenzer, W. L. D. (2020) · Journal of Drug Issues · doi:10.1177/0022042620918950 · Cited by 12
The global challenge of providing mental health services in poverty: the situation of Northern Haiti
Cénat, J. M., Harerimana, B., Michel, G., McIntee, S.-E., Mukunzi, J. N., Hajizadeh, S., & Dalexis, R. D. (2021) · BJPsych International · doi:10.1192/bji.2021.22 · Cited by 11
Alenezi, A. F., Aljowder, A. A., Almarzooqi, M. J., Alsayed, M., Aldoseri, R., Alhaj, O. A., Souraya, S., Thornicroft, G., & Jahrami, H. (2021) · Mental Health and Social Inclusion · doi:10.1108/mhsi-05-2021-0022 · Cited by 11
Self-citationSchure, M. B., Howard, M., Bailey, S. J., Bryan, B., & Greist, J. (2018) · Journal of Rural Mental Health · doi:10.1037/rmh0000102 · Cited by 10
“…Americans include shortages of professional services, long distance to services, financial cost, and stigma regarding mental illness (Larson & Corrigan, 2010; Reed, Messler, Coombs, & Quevillon, 2014; Schopp, Demiris, & Glueckauf, 2006; Thornicroft, 2008; Yellowlees, Marks, Hilty, & Shore, 2008).”
Münir, K., Öner, Ö., Kerala, C., Rustamov, I., Boztas, H., Juszkiewicz, K. T., Włoszczak-Szubzda, A., Kalmatayeva, Z., Iskandarova, A., Zeynalli, S., et al. (2022) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114409 · Cited by 10
Why Psychiatry Needs the Anthropologist: A Reflection on 80 Years of Culture in Mental Health
Kaiser, B. N., & Kohrt, B. A. (2019) · Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/00332747.2019.1653142 · Cited by 10
“Under-diagnosis and misdiagnosis can be attributed to a range of social phenomena, from general inaccessibility of healthcare to lack of mental healthcare providers, from society-wide stigma and discrimination to stigma among healthcare providers regarding mental illness (Barry & Huskamp 2011; Corrigan, Druss, & Perli…”
The Skidmore Anxiety Stigma Scale (SASS): A covert and brief self-report measure
Schofield, C. A., & Ponzini, G. T. (2020) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102259 · Cited by 10
“In terms of psychological suffering, stigma is frequently identified as a barrier to timely intervention, and thus effective treatment (e.g., Clement et al., 2014; Corrigan, Druss, & Perlick, 2014; Gulliver, Griffiths, & Christensen, 2010; Thornicroft, 2008).”
BackgroundThomas, T., Lane, S. D., Elkhatib, R., Hamilton, J. E., & Pigott, T. A. (2020) · Journal of Psychiatric Practice · doi:10.1097/pra.0000000000000485 · Cited by 10
Zuriaga, A., Kaplan, M. S., Choi, N. G., Hodkinson, A., Storman, D., Brudasca, N. I., Hirani, S. P., & Brini, S. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.005 · Cited by 12
Singh, S., Melendez, K., & Sezginis, N. (2021) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2021.1970561 · Cited by 12
Public awareness of Misophonia in U.S. adults: a Population-based study
Dixon, L. J., Schadegg, M. J., Clark, H., & Perry, M. M. (2023) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-04180-x · Cited by 9
“In contrast, less knowledge has been linked to stigmatizing attitudes (Buizza et al., 2017), prejudice (Foster et al., 2018), and delays in assessment and treatment (Thornicroft, 2008).”
BackgroundMukherjee, A., Yatirajula, S. K., Kallakuri, S., Paslawar, S., Lempp, H. K., Raman, U., Essue, B. M., Sagar, R., Singh, R., Peiris, D., et al. (2024) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/s13034-024-00704-4 · Cited by 12
“Other studies have highlighted the importance of stigma associated with mental health and poor knowledge about mental health and illness as barriers to care seeking [45–47].”
BackgroundSelf-citationTang, Y., Sinha, K. K., Moen, A., & Ertekin, N. (2024) · Production and Operations Management · doi:10.1177/10591478231224914 · Cited by 9
“2 Individuals from this population are often concentrated in underdevel-oped regions, face socio-economic disadvantages (Chow et al., 2003), and/or experience discriminations (Thornicroft, 2008).”
BackgroundAbdulla, A., Webb, H. C., Mahmmod, Y. S., & Dalky, H. F. (2022) · Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare · doi:10.2147/jmdh.s379041 · Cited by 9
“The effects of attitudes on treatment results are amplified.(26) In contrast, a Lebanese study found that HPCs had strong stigmatized beliefs against those who suffer from mental disorders.”
ResultLay beliefs about the causes and cures of schizophrenia
Park, S., Lee, M., Furnham, A. F., Jeon, M., & Ko, Y.-M. (2017) · International Journal of Social Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0020764017717283 · Cited by 9
“Research on mental health service usage has shown that ignorance, lack of knowledge, incorrect beliefs, stigma and perceived discrimination of mental health status and the treatment of it are the main reasons that people do not seek out or utilize mental health services (Corrigan, Druss, & Perlick, 2014; Thornicroft,…”
BackgroundGreek university student’s attitudes and beliefs concerning mental illness and its treatment
Kaparounaki, C. K., Koraka, C. A., Kotsi, E., Ntziovara, A. M., Kyriakidis, G. C., & Fountoulakis, K. Ν. (2019) · International Journal of Social Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0020764019864122 · Cited by 9
Ciobotaru, D., Jefferies, R., Lispi, L., & Derakshan, N. (2021) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2021.103926 · Cited by 9
McClendon, J., Jackson, J. J., Bogdan, R., & Oltmanns, T. F. (2018) · Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology · doi:10.1037/cdp0000238 · Cited by 10
“A uthor M anuscript A uthor M anuscript A uthor M anuscript A uthor M anuscript (Thompson, Noel, Campbell, & Jeffrey, 2004; Thornicroft, 2008), suppressing the association between race and psychological distress.”
BackgroundRezayat, F., Mohammadi, E., & Fallahi‐Khoshknab, M. (2019) · Perspectives In Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/ppc.12468 · Cited by 9
Bosqui, T. J., O’Reilly, D., Väänänen, A., Patel, K., Donnelly, M., Wright, D. M., Close, C., & Kouvonen, A. M. (2019) · International Journal of Mental Health Systems · doi:10.1186/s13033-019-0334-3 · Cited by 9
“Barriers to care may include poorer knowledge about how to access services, greater stigma in relation to help-seeking for mental distress, more negative beliefs about medication [31], and diverse cultural and religious conceptualisations of mental distress and treatment [32], as well as structural barriers to accessi…”
BackgroundAccountable Care Organizations and Preventable Hospitalizations Among Patients With Depression
Barath, D., Amaize, A., & Chen, J. (2020) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2020.01.028 · Cited by 9
Assessing attitudes toward mental health illnesses in Saudi Arabia: A national cross-sectional study
BinDhim, N. F., Althumiri, N. A., Al-Luhaidan, S. M., Alhajji, M., Saad, S. Y. A., Alyami, H., Al-Duraihem, R. A., & Alhabeeb, A. A. (2024) · International Journal of Social Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/00207640241263247 · Cited by 8
“Stigmatizing attitudes have previously been shown to discourage individuals from seeking necessary care, exacerbating the mental health issue at hand (Thornicroft, 2008).”
Okkenhaug, A., Tritter, J. Q., Myklebust, T. Å., Deilkås, E. C. T., Meirik, K., & Landstad, B. J. (2019) · International Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine · doi:10.3233/jrs-190064 · Cited by 8
“Stigmatization associated with mental illness is common [39] and stigma can act as a formidable barrier to active recovery [40].”
Shah, S., Byer, L., Appasani, R. K., & Aggarwal, N. K. (2020) · Industrial Psychiatry Journal · doi:10.4103/ipj.ipj_24_19 · Cited by 8
“First, stigmatizing attitudes have been noted as barriers to treatment seeking and mental health services utilization.[1,3,13,21,22] Furthermore, these attitudes play a major role in the social marginalization of mental health-care consumers leading to discrimination in housing, employment, marriage, and education.”
BackgroundAntunes, A., Silva, M., Lopes, S. A., Cardoso, G., & Caldas‐de‐Almeida, J. M. (2022) · The European Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ejpsy.2022.06.001 · Cited by 8
Al‐Ma'ani, M., & Hamdan‐Mansour, A. M. (2020) · Open Journal of Nursing · doi:10.4236/ojn.2020.103018 · Cited by 8
“This would, in turn, limit the access of those people to mental healthcare services [25].”
BackgroundFighting Stigma in Canada: Opening Minds Anti-Stigma Initiative
Chen, S., Dobson, K. S., Kirsh, B. H., Knaak, S. J., Koller, M., Krupa, T. M., Lauria-Horner, B., Luong, D., Modgill, G., Patten, S. B., et al. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27839-1_14 · Cited by 10
Anosike, C., Igboeli, N. U., Ukwe, C. V., & Okani, C. V. (2019) · Mental Health and Social Inclusion · doi:10.1108/mhsi-02-2019-0007 · Cited by 8
Barath, D., & Chen, J. (2019) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105825 · Cited by 8
“maladaptive coping strategies, lack of perceived need, preference for self-management, mistrust, and stigma) (Calear et al., 2014; Hom et al., 2015; Niederkrotenthaler et al., 2014; Thornicroft, 2008); structural factors (e.”
BackgroundDupouy, J., Vergnes, A., Laporte, C., Kinouani, S., Auriacombe, M., Oustric, S., & Bugat, M.-È. R. (2018) · European Journal of General Practice · doi:10.1080/13814788.2018.1470239 · Cited by 8
“Structural stigma towards patients with psychiatric disorders is common among health professionals and medical students, [7–9] and contributes to limited access to medical care, lower treatment quality, and lower quality of life of patients [10,11].”
BackgroundNieder, T. O., Renner, J., Zapf, A., Sehner, S., Hot, A., König, H., Dams, J., Grochtdreis, T., Briken, P., & Dekker, A. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045980 · Cited by 7
Association between unmet healthcare needs and suicidal behaviors among the Korean population
Lee, H., & Lee, W. (2023) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.06.018 · Cited by 7
Burns, A. B., Vest, J. R., Menachemi, N., Mazurenko, O., Salyers, M. P., & Yeager, V. A. (2024) · INQUIRY The Journal of Health Care Organization Provision and Financing · doi:10.1177/00469580241256822 · Cited by 7
Machine Learning-Based Early Detection and Intervention for Mental Health Issues in Children
Kataru, S., KING, K. B., & Fernando, L. (2024) · IEEE Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC) · doi:10.1109/compsac61105.2024.00320 · Cited by 7
“Barriers including stigma, limited access to services, financial constraints, and misinformation impede the provision of effective care [8].”
BackgroundBosqui, T. J., Väänänen, A., Koskinen, A., Buscariolli, A., O’Reilly, D., Airila, A., Toivanen, M., & Kouvonen, A. M. (2019) · Scandinavian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1177/1403494819841960 · Cited by 7
“less use of mental health services in general has been found for first-generation migrants [9] and has been explained by higher levels of stigma, different beliefs about mental illness and help-seeking behaviours, the barriers of prejudice and discrimination, and a lack of knowledge about how to access services [10].”
BackgroundNavigating Psychosocial Challenges in Primary Care with an Integrated Behavioral Health Model
Dennelly, L. (2019) · Clinical Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10615-019-00708-0 · Cited by 7
“…patients from having to address physica l and mental health needs separately, mitigating the stigma around 15 accessing behavioral health services that often prevents people from seeking treatment (Thornicroft, 2008), as well 16 as providing quick access to psychiatric services in times of crisis.”
BackgroundPiling on the pressure: Crime and stress in British farming
Smith, K. (2022) · International Journal of Rural Criminology · doi:10.18061/ijrc.v6i2.8754 · Cited by 7
“…that a key barrier to addressing prolonged stress and its implications is the relentless influence of the traditional rural masculine (Brandth, 1995; Smith, 2018) and its impact on help-seeking behaviour (Bryant & Garnham, 2014; Roy et al., 2014; Thornicroft, 2008; Boulanger et al., 1999).”
BackgroundThe influence of race and language on chronic hepatitis C virus infection management
Giordano, C., & Cooper, C. (2009) · European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1097/meg.0b013e32830b387b · Cited by 7
Yamaguchi, S., Ling, H., Kim, K., & Mino, Y. (2013) · International Journal of Culture and Mental Health · doi:10.1080/17542863.2013.786108 · Cited by 7
“Stigmatising attitudes in the general public also lead people without mental health problems to have poor access to mental health services and reluctance to accept services (Thornicroft, 2008).”
BackgroundDelirium Stigma Among Healthcare Staff
Mukaetova-Ladinska, E. B., Cosker, G., Chan, M., Coppock, M., Scully, A., Kim, S., Kim, S., McNally, R., & Teodorczuk, A. (2018) · Geriatrics · doi:10.3390/geriatrics4010006 · Cited by 7
Jampel, J. D., Gazarian, D., Addis, M. E., & Hoffman, E. (2019) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/s11199-019-01083-3 · Cited by 9
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Smith, N. L., Adams, A., Abshire, A., & Cheatham, L. P. (2025) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108317 · Cited by 19
Bookman-Zandler, R., & Smith, J. M. (2023) · Journal of Psychology and Theology · doi:10.1177/00916471221149101 · Cited by 9
“The tragic irony of this dilemma is that those who often have the least agency in society most frequently have gravely limited access to traditional mental health care (Alegria et al., 2008; Thornicroft, 2008; Wells et al., 2001).”
BackgroundDaniel, M., Kaur, A., Mukherjee, A., Bhattacharya, A., Tewari, A., Sagar, R., Kant, S., Peiris, D., & Maulik, P. K. (2023) · SSM - Mental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmmh.2023.100223 · Cited by 6
The design and psychometric evaluation of a COVID-19 social stigma questionnaire in nurses
Rahmani, N., Roshan, F. S., Nabavian, M., & Alipour, H. (2023) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-023-01620-2 · Cited by 7
“Stigma is related to a combination of three problems: low knowledge (ignorance and misinformation), negative attitudes (prejudice), and exclusion or avoidance behaviors (discrimination) [10].”
BackgroundBinDhim, N. F., Althumiri, N. A., Al-Luhaidan, S. M., Alhajji, M., Saad, S. Y. A., Alyami, H., Svendrovski, A., Al-Duraihem, R. A., & Alhabeeb, A. A. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1265096 · Cited by 8
Marchand, K., Palis, H., & Oviedo‐Joekes, E. (2015) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-015-9949-2 · Cited by 11
“noteworthy considering the extensive evidence that perceived prejudice and discrimination is associated with lower health services utilization in general (Burgess et al. 2008; Corrigan 2004; Thornicroft 2008) and poor health outcomes (Hausmann et al.”
BackgroundInfluentialThink You Can Shrink? A Proof-of-Concept Study for Men’s Health Education Through Edutainment
Ungar, T., Norman, C. D., & Knaak, S. J. (2017) · Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s41347-016-0009-8 · Cited by 6
“This includes both the problem of self-stigma, as well as perceived stigma from others (Corrigan et al., 2014; Thornicroft, 2008).”
BackgroundHow Healthcare Professionals in Cardiac Care Address Depressive Symptoms
Westas, M., Lundgren, J., Mourad, G., Neher, M., & Johansson, P. (2020) · The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing · doi:10.1097/jcn.0000000000000669 · Cited by 7
Community acceptance of COVID-19 and demystifying stigma in a severely affected population in Ghana
Bandoh, D. A., Baidoo, A., Noora, C. L., Quartey, S., Frimpong, J. A., & Kenu, E. (2021) · Ghana Medical Journal · doi:10.4314/gmj.v55i2s.2 · Cited by 6
Why ‘parity of esteem’ for mental health is every hospital doctor's concern
Bailey, D. S., & Smith, G. L. (2014) · British Journal of Hospital Medicine · doi:10.12968/hmed.2014.75.5.277 · Cited by 6
Measuring Stigma in Pediatric Oncology: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Three Global Sites
Counts, L., Tanner, R. S., Chen, Y., Devidas, M., Ferrara, G., Chitsike, I., Chokwenda, N., Matsikidze, E., Caceres-Serrano, A., Fuentes, L., et al. (2025) · JCO Global Oncology · doi:10.1200/go.24.00213 · Cited by 5
Yang, Y., Wang, C., Cai, J. C., Mu, Y.-F., Zhou, L., Wang, Y., Zhang, T.-M., Zhao, X., Li, M., Luo, W. P., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1519527 · Cited by 5
“6).”
Pashalishvili, M., Zurashvili, T., Imerlishvili, E., Salnikova, A., Ompad, D. C., & Djibuti, M. (2025) · BMJ Public Health · doi:10.1136/bmjph-2024-002114 · Cited by 7
Oe, M., Nakai, H., & Nagayama, Y. (2024) · Nursing Reports · doi:10.3390/nursrep14020076 · Cited by 5
Analysing media portrayals of people with substance use disorder and addiction: A scoping review
Bosworth, K. T., Massey, Z. B., Boyle, M., Henry, N., McGough, K., Ashford, A., Rains, E. B., Battle, J. D., Kelly, P., Malaker, P., et al. (2024) · Cultures of Science · doi:10.1177/20966083241313264 · Cited by 11
“Therefore, we propose collaboration as part of the solution, with co-led campaigns of patient partners, experts in addiction science and science communicators working together to accomplish anti-stigmatizing communication of addiction-related topics.”
Stigma Causing Delay in Help Seeking Behavior in Patients With Mental Illness
Amatya, R., Chakrabortty, P., Khattri, J. B., Thapa, P., & Ramesh, K. (2018) · Journal of Psychiatrists Association of Nepal · doi:10.3126/jpan.v7i2.24610 · Cited by 6
“Stigma and help seeking delay: The various factors influencing the help seeking delay maybe the lack of availability/accessibility of the health care services, lack of awareness, cultural beliefs and reluctance to seek help due to stigma(22-26).”
BackgroundMason, N. F., & Francis, D. B. (2020) · Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness · doi:10.1017/dmp.2020.99 · Cited by 5
Intervention to mental illness stigmatization in the community
Topuzoǧlu, A. (2021) · Marmara medical journal · doi:10.5472/marumj.897870 · Cited by 6
Suicides during the Swedish midsummer holiday: analysis of cause of death data 1980–2018
Hökby, S., Westerlund, J., Blazevska, B., & Hadlaczky, G. (2021) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2021.1900388 · Cited by 5
Dussault, J. M., Zimba, C. C., Malava, J., Akello, H., Stockton, M. A., Udedi, M. M., Gaynes, B. N., Hosseinipour, M. C., Pence, B. W., & Masiye, J. (2021) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-021-02202-w · Cited by 5
Spahlholz, J., Baumann, E., Müller-Hilmer, R., Hilmer, R., Sander, C., Schindler, S., Speerforck, S., Angermeyer, M. C., & Schomerus, G. (2023) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796023000641 · Cited by 5
Pingani, L., Evans-Lacko, S. E., Coriani, S., Ferrari, S., Filosa, M., Galeazzi, G. M., Lorenzini, M., Manari, T., Musetti, A., Nasi, A. M., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18105441 · Cited by 5
Eilers, J. J., Kasten, E., & Schnell, T. G. (2021) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare9070896 · Cited by 6
“Since the treatment of suicidal patients is performed by medical and psychotherapeutic professionals, stigmatization of suicidality by the aforementioned professionals can have far-reaching effects: suicidal people often avoid seeking professional help out of shame and fear of resentment, which in turn increases the r…”
BackgroundFinished with Life Anyway and Then Stigmatized for Attempting Suicide—An Overview
Eilers, J. J., & Kasten, E. (2022) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare10112303 · Cited by 6
Bailey, S., Thorpe, L. N., & Smith, G. (2013) · International Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/s1749367600003829 · Cited by 5
“Stigma and discrimination significantly contribute to the treatment gap (Thornicroft, 2008).”
BackgroundSelkirk, M., Quayle, E., & Rothwell, N. (2012) · Counselling Psychology Review · doi:10.53841/bpscpr.2012.27.3.40 · Cited by 6
Gender and orientation diversity in the family courts: A guide to terms and present issues
Currie, N. L., Simmons‐Horton, S. Y., Burke, J., Farley, R., & Olson-Kennedy, A. (2024) · Family Court Review · doi:10.1111/fcre.12810 · Cited by 4
Prakash, O. (2024) · Indian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_435_24 · Cited by 4
Kielhold, K., Shannon, K., Zhou, C. D., Ramage, K., Pitpitan, E. V., Krüsi, A., Pearson, J., & Goldenberg, S. M. (2025) · PLOS Global Public Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0004647 · Cited by 4
“Experi-encing discrimination or the fear of discrimination within healthcare institutions can act as a barrier to care for marginalized populations including women [15], immigrants [15] and people experiencing mental illnesses [16].”
Giosa, R. (2024) · International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy · doi:10.1108/ijssp-03-2023-0081 · Cited by 5
Korman, M. B., Prospero, L. D., DasGupta, T., Sinyor, M., Anthony, S. J., Kastner, M., Ellis, J., Steinberg, R. J., & Maunder, R. (2024) · Healthcare Management Forum · doi:10.1177/08404704241226693 · Cited by 4
Billian, J., Imfeld, L., Roth, C. B., Moeller, J., Lang, U. E., & Huber, C. G. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1377971 · Cited by 5
Matthews, G., & Ho, M. (2024) · Medical Humanities · doi:10.1136/medhum-2023-012854 · Cited by 4
“…point to stigma as one of the chief reasons for treatment-avoidant behaviour among people with mental health conditions (PMHCs) (Corrigan 2004; Thornicroft 2008; Conner et al 2010; Sickel, Seacat, and Nabors 2014; Corrigan, Druss, and Perlick 2014; Bharadwaj, Pai, and Suziedelyte 2017; Fox,…”
Rural versus urban perspectives on behavioral health issues and priorities
Cuthbertson, C. A., Albrecht, D. E., & Loveridge, S. (2017) · Community Development · doi:10.1080/15575330.2017.1344718 · Cited by 4
Ganie, A. U. R., Ammapattian, T., Jangam, K. V., & Kommu, J. V. S. (2023) · Social Work in Mental Health · doi:10.1080/15332985.2022.2152769 · Cited by 4
“The other reason can be the child’s unwillingness to discuss symptoms due to shame or stigma (Barney, Griffiths, Jorm, & Christensen, 2006; Thornicroft, 2008).”
BackgroundBlanc, J.-V., Mouchabac, S., Nuss, P., Malandain, L., Lapidus, N., & Ferreri, F. (2020) · Nurse Education in Practice · doi:10.1016/j.nepr.2020.102781 · Cited by 4
“Stigma associated with mental health is thus a strong factor in the low rate of appropriate care of depression (Thornicroft, 2008).”
BackgroundSolmi, M., Granziol, U., Boldrini, T., Zaninotto, L., & Salcuni, S. (2021) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.1080/09638237.2021.1875405 · Cited by 5
“…et al., 1999; Nordt et al., 2006), leading to severe consequences in terms of poorer patients’ satisfaction (Garman et al., 2002), poorer outcomes (i.e. unemployment) (Gowdy et al., 2003), and reluctance to use mental health services (Kessler et al., 1999; Regier et al., 1993; Thornicroft, 2008).”
BackgroundMental Health Strategy and Policy
Juengsiragulwit, D., & Nikapota, A. (2020) · Mental health and illness worldwide · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-2348-4_60 · Cited by 4
Reply to queries raised on the article ′the pathway to psychiatric care′
Trivedi, J., & Jilani, A. Q. (2012) · Indian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.4103/0019-5545.104852 · Cited by 4
“treatment along with lack of knowledge about the features and treatability of mental illnesses.[8]”
BackgroundMental health services around the globe
Fiorillo, A., Ventriglio, A., & Bhugra, D. K. (2025) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/09540261.2025.2532982 · Cited by 4
“However, stigma surrounding mental illness still persists in many cultures and society, discouraging individuals from seeking professional help globally (Thornicroft, 2008).”
Coping strategies and perceptions of mental health services among women in South India
Weaver, L. J., Jagielski, A., Ningaiah, N., Madhivanan, P., Jaykrishna, P., & Krupp, K. (2024) · PLOS mental health. · doi:10.1371/journal.pmen.0000142 · Cited by 7
Gurung, D., Subedi, B., Acharya, B., Neupane, M., Kohrt, B. A., Thornicroft, G., & Gronholm, P. C. (2025) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1111/hex.70170 · Cited by 4
Self-citationExploring the Widening Trend in Racial and Ethnic Differences in Youth Mental Health Service Use
Rennane, S., Sheng, F., Stein, B. D., & Dick, A. W. (2025) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.20240334 · Cited by 3
Vu, B.-P., Nguyen, H.-G., & Dang, H. (2025) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.2989/17280583.2025.2490649 · Cited by 4
“Altogether, our findings suggest that suicide prevention strategies may need to be culturally-and sex-sensitive to increase help-seeking intention for the Vietnamese adolescent population in case of experiencing suicidal ideation.”
Conflict and mental health in North Africa and the Middle East
Skuse, D. (2013) · International Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/s1749367600003830 · Cited by 3
Nurses’ Attitudes and Stigma about Mental Illness and Substance Abuse
Šimičić, M., Pačarić, S., Pavlović, D., Babić, M., Farčić, N., & Srb, N. (2023) · Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.3889/oamjms.2023.11713 · Cited by 3
“When talking about the stigma, there is a lack of knowledge about mental illnesses, both in the general population and among health professionals, where prejudices and negative attitudes, and discriminatory behaviors occur, which create a strong driver of social exclusion of people with mental illnesses and a violatio…”
BackgroundBenau, E. M., Zavodnick, J. H., & Jaffe, R. C. (2024) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.1080/00952990.2023.2300398 · Cited by 3
Burns, A. B., Kampman, H., Magee, L. A., Blackburn, J. L., Alton, M., & Pescosolido, B. A. (2024) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-024-11962-5 · Cited by 3
Kisely, S. R., Spilsbury, K., Bull, C. F., Jordan, S. J., Kendall, B. J., Siskind, D. J., Sara, G. E., Protani, M. M., & Lawrence, D. M. (2024) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796024000787 · Cited by 3
“…et al. , 2013; Cunningham et al. , 2015; Kisely et al. , 2005; Lawrence et al. , 2000; Olfson et al. , 2015; Toender et al. , 2018), resulting in mortality rates that are up to 78% higher than the general population (Kisely et al. , 2013a, 2008; Lawrence et al. , 2013, 2000; Mahar et al. , 2020).”
InfluentialMayoyo, E. M., Criel, B., Labat, A., Coppieters, Y., & Chenge, F. M. (2025) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph22030457 · Cited by 3
“This stigma remains one of the major obstacles to access to mental health services and is thought to be at the root of mistreatment and rejection of patients by those close to them (family, friends, employers, etc.) [49].”
MindWell: A Conversational Agent for Professional Depression Screening on Social Media
Bao, E., Pérez, A., & Parapar, J. (2025) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-88720-8_9 · Cited by 3
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“For example, researchers have shown that the stigma associated with mental illness represents an obstacle for patients to seeking help and treatment for the medical condition [13].”
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Xie, W., Ji, M., Zhao, M., Qian, X., Chow, C.-Y., Lam, K.-Y., & Hao, T. (2021) · Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience · doi:10.1155/2021/1011197 · Cited by 3
“Lexical dispersion rates (4) D4 DiSp8:0.”
Cultural Adaptation in Chinese Mental Health Translation
Shan, Y., & Ji, M. (2024) · New frontiers in translation studies · doi:10.1007/978-981-97-1727-9 · Cited by 3
Mediavilla, R., García-Vázquez, B., McGreevy, K. R., Underhill, J., Bayón, C., Bravo‐Ortiz, M. F., Muñoz‐Sanjosé, A., Haro, J. M., Monistrol-Mula, A., Nicaise, P., et al. (2024) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076241287678 · Cited by 4
“65,66 Interestingly, HCWs ’ attitudes have been central in many mental-health-related stigma studies, but more as (de)stigmatisation agents than recipients.”
BackgroundGamification of an Automated Internet Intervention to Enhance Engagement and Adherence
Curland, R. A., Muñoz, R. F., & Leykin, Y. (2025) · Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s41347-025-00528-9 · Cited by 3
“However, individuals with depression often do not receive or even seek appropriate care (Andrade et al., 2014) for reasons that include stigma, low mental health literacy, or logistical or financial challenges (Andrade et al., 2014; Thornicroft, 2008; Rickwood et al., 2007).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Thornicroft, G.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Thornicroft, Graham
- ORCID
- Thornicroft, Graham
- Venue
- Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2008-03
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 14-19
- ISSN
- 1121-189X (ISSN-L)
- 2038-1816
- OpenAlex
- W1986958797
- Semantic Scholar
- 5bb0083275295c578ac3d6f3bd59044e951f9554
- Cited by
- 432
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NF-SI-0611-10053)
- University of Oxford
- H. Lundbeck A/S
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychology and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender Roles and Identity Studies
- Keywords
- mental health stigma, discrimination, access to mental health care, help-seeking, treatment avoidance, low-income countries, mental health service utilization, prejudice
- MeSH terms
- Mental Disorders, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Mental Health Services, Stereotyping
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