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Decline in verbal memory during preclinical Alzheimer's disease: Examination of the effect of APOE genotype
Abstract
A subtle decline in episodic memory often occurs prior to the emergence of the full dementia syndrome in nondemented older adults who develop Alzheimer's disease (AD). The APOE-ε4 genotype may engender a more virulent form of AD that hastens this decline. To examine this possibility, we compared the rate of decline in episodic memory during the preclinical phase of AD in individuals with or without at least one APOE ε4 allele. Nondemented normal control (NC; n = 84) participants, nondemented older adults who subsequently developed dementia within 1 or 2 years (i.e., preclinical AD; n = 20), and patients with mild AD (n = 53) were examined with 2 commonly employed tests of episodic memory, the Logical Memory subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale–Revised and the California Verbal Learning Test. Results revealed a precipitous decline in verbal memory abilities 1 to 2 years prior to the onset of the dementia syndrome, but there was little effect of APOE genotype on the rate of this memory decline. The presence of an APOE-ε4 allele, however, did have a differential effect on the sensitivity of the 2 types of memory tests for tracking progression and made an independent contribution to the prediction of conversion to AD. (JINS, 2002, 8, 943–955.)
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“Second, story recall may be less sensitive to MCI or an evolving dementia than tests of verbal list learning [11–16] or perhaps visual memory [17].”
From Neuropsychological Criteria for Mild Cognitive Impairment Improves Diagnostic Precision, Biomarker Associations, and Progression Rates (2014) · cites this paper as [14]
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Webster, S. J., Bachstetter, A. D., Nelson, P. T., Schmitt, F. A., & Van Eldik, L. J. (2014) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2014.00088 · Cited by 755
“Thus, great efforts have been made to better understand the profile of cognitive deficits associated with early AD, and have resulted in earlier and more reliable clinical diagnosis (Bondi et al., 1995, 1999; Jacobson et al., 2002; Lange et al., 2002; Mickes et al., 2007).”
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Self-citationCognitive impairment in preclinical Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis
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The Neuropsychological Profile of Alzheimer DiseasePreprint
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Metadata
- Authors
- LANGE, K. L., BONDI, M. W., SALMON, D. P., GALASKO, D., DELIS, D. C., THOMAS, R. G., & THAL, L. J.
- Affiliations
- San Diego State University (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Venue
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2002-11
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 943-955
- ISSN
- 1355-6177 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7661
- OpenAlex
- W2103898616
- Cited by
- 129
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 3.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
- American Psychological Association
- National Institute on Aging (AG05131, P50AG005131, R56AG012674, R01AG012674, R29AG012674, AG12674)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- preclinical Alzheimer's disease, verbal memory decline, APOE ε4, episodic memory, conversion to dementia, mild cognitive impairment, California Verbal Learning Test, genetic risk factors, older adults
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alleles, Alzheimer Disease, Apolipoproteins E, Female, Genotype, Humans, Male, Memory Disorders, Neuropsychological Tests, Severity of Illness Index, Vocabulary
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