Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 484

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Use of Ionic Liquids for Liquid-Phase Microextraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Open access
Liu, Jing-fu, Jiang, Gui-bin, Chi, Yu-guang, Cai, Ya-qi, Zhou, Qing-xiang, Hu, Jing-Tian·2003·Analytical Chemistry
DOI 10.1021/ac034506m
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

This paper demonstrates, for the first time, that ionic liquids (IL) such as 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C(8)MIM][PF(6)]) are excellent extraction solvents in liquid-phase microextraction (LPME). The unique properties of nonvolatility and adequate viscosity allow IL to be conveniently adopted as extraction solvents in both direct-immersion and headspace LPME. Model compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), are conveniently and rapidly enriched in a 3-microL drop of [C(8)MIM][PF(6)] suspended on the tip of a microsyringe followed by liquid chromatographic determination. Compared to 1-octanol, a larger volume drop of [C(8)MIM][PF(6)] can be formed and survive for a longer extraction time; therefore, a much higher enrichment factor for PAHs can be reached. For low-volatility PAHs, direct-immersion LPME provides higher enrichment factors than that of headspace LPME. However, the enrichment factor obtained by headspace LPME was almost 3-fold of that by direct-immersion LPME in a 30-min extraction of the most volatile PAH, naphthalene. For 30-min direction-immersion LPME of EPA priority PAHs, the enrichment factor, correlation coefficient (R(2)), and reproducibility (RSD, n = 5) were in the range of 42-166, 0.9169-0.9976, and 2.8-12%, respectively. Considering that IL can be easily prepared from relatively inexpensive materials and tuned by combination of different anions and cations for task-specific extraction of analytes from various solvent media, this proposed method should have great potentiality in sample preparation. Furthermore, the nonvolatility of IL makes it potentially useful for headspace LPME of volatile analytes.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1021/ac034506m

Cites

1 of 1 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 43

  1. Welton T., 1999, Chem. Rev., 99, 2083, 10.1021/cr980032t · DOI · Paper page
  2. Wilkes J. S., 1992, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 965, 967
  3. Huddleston J. G., 1998, Chem. Commun., 1765, 1766
  4. Fadeev A. G., 2001, Chem. Commun., 295, 296
  5. Visser A. E., 2001, Chem. Commun., 135, 136
  6. Blanchard L. A., 1999, Nature, 399, 29, 10.1038/19887 · DOI
  7. Brown R. A., 2001, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123, 1255
  8. Boesmann A., 2001, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 40, 2699
  9. Schafer T., 2001, Chem. Commun., 1622, 1623
  10. Armstrong D. W., 1999, Anal. Chem., 71, 3876
  11. Armstrong D. W., 2002, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124, 14254
  12. Branco L. C., 2002, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 41, 2773, 10.1002/1521-3773(20020802)41:15<2771::AID-ANIE2771>3.0.CO;2-U · DOI
  13. Visser A. E., 2002, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 2529, 10.1021/es0158004 · DOI
  14. Huddleston J. G., 2001, Green Chem., 3, 164, 10.1039/b103275p · DOI
  15. Abraham M. H., 2003, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 42, 418, 10.1021/ie020520y · DOI
  16. Carda-Broch S., 2003, Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 375, 199, 10.1007/s00216-002-1684-1 · DOI
  17. Shetty P. H., 1987, J. Chromatogr., 411, 79, 10.1016/S0021-9673(00)93960-8 · DOI
  18. Berthod A., 2000, Chromatographia, 53, 68
  19. Armstrong D. W., 2001, Anal. Chem., 73, 3686
  20. Yanes E. G., 2001, Anal. Chem., 73, 3844, 10.1021/ac010263r · DOI · Paper page
  21. Vaher M., 2001, Chromatographia, 53, 306, 10.1007/BF02490346 · DOI
  22. Vaher M., 2002, Electrophoresis, 23, 430, 10.1002/1522-2683(200202)23:3<426::AID-ELPS426>3.0.CO;2-8 · DOI
  23. Qin W., 2003, Analyst, 128, 41
  24. Chun S., 2001, Anal. Chem., 73, 3741, 10.1021/ac010061v · DOI
  25. Liu S., 1995, Anal. Chem., 67, 2049
  26. Cardoso A. A., 1995, Anal. Chem., 67, 2566, 10.1021/ac00111a011 · DOI
  27. Jeannot M. A., 1997, Anal. Chem., 69, 239
  28. He Y., 1997, Anal. Chem., 69, 4640
  29. Wang Y., 1998, Anal. Chem., 70, 4614
  30. Ma M. H., 1998, Anal. Chem., 70, 3919
  31. Ma M. H., 1999, Anal. Chem., 71, 393
  32. Genfa Z., 2000, Anal. Chem., 72, 3170, 10.1021/ac000069p · DOI
  33. Theis A. L., 2001, Anal. Chem., 73, 5654, 10.1021/ac015569c · DOI · Paper page
  34. Pedersen-Bjergaard S., 1999, Anal. Chem., 71, 2656, 10.1021/ac990055n · DOI · Paper page
  35. Zhao L., 2002, Anal. Chem., 74, 2486, 10.1021/ac011124c · DOI
  36. Shen G., 2003, Anal. Chem., 75, 103
  37. Varma R. S., 2001, Chem. Commun., 643, 644
  38. Visser A. E., 2000, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 39, 3604, 10.1021/ie000426m · DOI · Paper page
  39. Anthony J. L., 2001, J. Phys. Chem. B, 105, 10949, 10.1021/jp0112368 · DOI · Paper page
  40. Law G., 2001, Langmuir, 17, 6141
  41. Seddon K. R., 2000, Pure Appli. Chem., 72, 2287
  42. Florence T. M., 1971, J. Anal. Chim. Acta, 54, 377, 10.1016/S0003-2670(01)82142-5 · DOI
  43. Marce R. M., 2000, J. Chromatogr., A, 885, 290, 10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00428-3 · DOI

Cited by

See all 484

Metadata

Authors
Liu, J.-F., Jiang, G.-B., Chi, Y.-G., Cai, Y.-Q., Zhou, Q.-X., & Hu, J.-T.
Venue
Analytical Chemistry
Publisher
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published
2003-09-04
Volume
75
Issue
21
Pages
5870-5876
ISSN
  • 0003-2700 (ISSN-L)
  • 1520-6882
DOI
10.1021/ac034506m
OpenAlex
W2077704724
Cited by
484
References
1
FWCI
15.34
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.