Cited by 446Advanced Chemical Physics StudiesCrystallography and molecular interactionsAdvanced Physical and Chemical Molecular Interactions

Semiempirical quantum mechanical methods for noncovalent interactions for chemical and biochemical applications.

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Christensen, Anders S., Kubař, Tomáš, Cui, Qiang, Elstner, Marcus·2016·Chemical Reviews

Abstract

Semiempirical (SE) methods can be derived from either Hartree-Fock or density functional theory by applying systematic approximations, leading to efficient computational schemes that are several orders of magnitude faster than ab initio calculations. Such numerical efficiency, in combination with modern computational facilities and linear scaling algorithms, allows application of SE methods to very large molecular systems with extensive conformational sampling. To reliably model the structure, dynamics, and reactivity of biological and other soft matter systems, however, good accuracy for the description of noncovalent interactions is required. In this review, we analyze popular SE approaches in terms of their ability to model noncovalent interactions, especially in the context of describing biomolecules, water solution, and organic materials. We discuss the most significant errors and proposed correction schemes, and we review their performance using standard test sets of molecular systems for quantum chemical methods and several recent applications. The general goal is to highlight both the value and limitations of SE methods and stimulate further developments that allow them to effectively complement ab initio methods in the analysis of complex molecular systems.

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  • In the last 10 years, important advances were made in computing hardware, quantum algorithms to compute molecular wave functions, more reliable semi-empirical quantum methods, and new hybrid QM/MM methods.

    “In the last 10 years, important advances were made in computing hardware (e.g., Graphics Processing Units – GPUs), in the development of quantum algorithms to compute molecular wave functions (Dixon and Merz, 1997; Birgin et al., 2013), the development of more reliable semi-empirical quantum methods (Christensen et al., 2016; Yilmazer and Korth, 2016), and development of new hybrid QM/MM methods (”
  • QM methods are particularly useful when molecular recognition involves bond formation, π-stacking, cation-π, halogen bonding, and polarization and charge transfer effects.

    “This is particularly true when dealing with systems where the molecular recognition involves bond formation, π-stacking, cation-π, halogen bonding (i.e., σ-hole bonding), and polarization and charge transfer effects (Christensen et al., 2016).”

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Authors
Christensen, A. S., Kubař, T., Cui, Q., & Elstner, M.
Affiliations
  • University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
  • Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , , Kaiserstrasse 12 , ,
  • Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
Corresponding author
  • Cui, Qiang
  • Elstner, Marcus
Venue
Chemical Reviews
Published
2016-04-13
Volume
116
Issue
9
Pages
5301-5337
ISSN
  • 0009-2665 (ISSN-L)
  • 1520-6890
OpenAlex
W2337403656
Cited by
446
References
336
Citations by year
2026: 25 · 2025: 54 · 2024: 51 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 1
FWCI
1.85
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Chemical Reviews (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01-GM106443)
  • Division of Chemistry (CHE-1300209)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Physical and Theoretical Chemistry › Crystallography and molecular interactions
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Physical and Theoretical Chemistry › Advanced Physical and Chemical Molecular Interactions
Keywords
non-covalent interactions, biomolecules, aqueous solutions, organic materials, soft matter, conformational sampling, linear-scaling methods, large molecular systems
MeSH terms
Algorithms, Ligands, Metals, Peptides, Proteins, Quantum Theory, Water

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