Nontarget analysis and comprehensive characterization of iodinated polyfluoroalkyl acids in wastewater and river water by LC-HRMS with cascade precursor-ion exclusions and algorithmic approach

Poly- and perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are a large family of widespread contaminants of worldwide concern and well-known as "forever chemicals". Direct emission of PFAAs from the fluorochemical industry is a crucial source of PFAA pollutants in the environment. This study implemented nontarget an…