Photoaged Nanopolystyrene Affects Neurotransmission to Induce Transgenerational Neurotoxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans
Abstract
Nanopolystyrene (NPS), a frequently employed nanoplastic, is an emerging environmental contaminant known to cause neurotoxicity in various organisms. However, the potential for transgenerational neurotoxic effects, especially from photoaged NPS (P-NPS), remains underexplored. This study investigated the aging of virgin NPS (V-NPS) under a xenon lamp to simulate natural sunlight exposure, which altered the physicochemical characteristics of the NPS. The parental generation (P0) of Caenorhabditis elegans was exposed to environmental concentrations (0.1–100 μg/L) of V-NPS and P-NPS, with subsequent offspring (F1–F4 generations) cultured under NPS-free conditions. Exposure to 100 μg/L P-NPS resulted in more pronounced deterioration in locomotion behavior in the P0 generation compared to V-NPS; this deterioration persisted into the F1–F2 generations but returned to normal in the F3–F4 generations. Additionally, maternal exposure to P-NPS damaged dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and serotonergic neurons in subsequent generations. Correspondingly, there was a significant decrease in the levels of dopamine, glutamate, and serotonin, associated with reduced expression of neurotransmission-related genes dat-1, eat-4, and tph-1 in the P0 and F1–F2 generations. Further analysis showed that the effects of P-NPS on locomotion behavior were absent in subsequent generations of eat-4(ad572), tph-1(mg280), and dat-1(ok157) mutants, highlighting the pivotal roles of these genes in mediating P-NPS-induced transgenerational neurotoxicity. These findings emphasize the crucial role of neurotransmission in the transgenerational effects of P-NPS on locomotion behavior, providing new insights into the environmental risks associated with exposure to photoaged nanoplastics.
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The increase in toxicity of UV-radiation-exposed plastic fragments may arise from increased bioavailability from reduced particle size, generation of reactive functional surface groups and persistent oxidative free radicals, and release of additives.
“The increase in toxicity may arise from three processes: (i) the increase in bioavailability resulting from the reduction in particle size [131, 133, 134]; (ii) the generation of reactive functional surface groups (e.g., ketones, hydroxides, and peroxides) and persistent oxidative free radicals [135]; and (iii) the release of additives.”
Fragments exposed to UV-radiation or weathering are often more toxic to ingesting organisms than raw plastic particles.
“The fragments that are exposed to UV-radiation or weathering are often more toxic to ingesting organisms than the raw plastic particles [130–132].”
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Chen, H., Gu, Y., Tan, S., Chen, X., Jiang, Y., Guo, H., Chen, J., Wang, C., Chen, C., Li, H., & Yu, Y.
- Affiliations
- Shanghai University (CN)
- Ministry of Ecology and Environment (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Hui
- Yu, Yunjiang
- Venue
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2024-05-07
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 20
- Pages
- 8665-8674
- ISSN
- 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5851
- OpenAlex
- W4396696678
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 2
- FWCI
- 2.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Environmental Science & Technology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022M722030)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (41931298, 42077401, 42125706)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Keywords
- polystyrene nanoparticles, photoaging, nanoplastics, neurotransmission, Caenorhabditis elegans, locomotor activity, dopaminergic neurons, glutamatergic neurons, serotonergic neurons, dopamine, glutamate, serotonin, dat-1, tph-1, maternal exposure
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Locomotion, Synaptic Transmission, Caenorhabditis elegans
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