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Breakdown Products from Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances (PFAS) Degradation in a Plasma-Based Water Treatment Process

Singh, Raj Kamal, Fernando, Sujan, Baygi, Sadjad Fakouri, Multari, Nicholas, Thagard, Selma Mededovic, Holsen, Thomas M.·2019·Environmental Science & Technology
DOI 10.1021/acs.est.8b07031
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Abstract

Byproducts produced when treating perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) in water using a plasma treatment process intentionally operated to treat these compounds slowly to allow for byproduct accumulation were quantified. Several linear chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) (C4 to C7) were identified as byproducts of both PFOA and PFOS treatment. PFOA, perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS), and perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) were also found to be byproducts from PFOS degradation. Significant concentrations of fluoride ions, inorganic carbon, and smaller organic acids (trifluoroacetic acid, acetic acid, and formic acid) were also identified. In addition to PFCAs, PFHxS, and PFBS, trace amounts of 43 PFOA-related and 35 PFOS-related byproducts were also identified using a screening and search-based algorithm. Minor concentrations of gas-phase byproducts were also identified ( 4 F 8 , C 5 F 10 , C 6 F 12 , C 7 F 14 , and C 8 F 16 ). The short chain PFCAs detected suggest the occurrence of a stepwise reduction of the parent perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) molecule, followed by oxidation of intermediates, perfluoroalkyl radicals, and perfluoro alcohols/ketones. Using a fluorine mass balance, 77% of the fluorine associated with the parent PFOA and 58% of the fluorine associated with the parent PFOS were identified. The bulk of the remaining fluorine was determined to be sorbed to reactor walls and tubing using sorption experiments in which plasma wa…

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Research works printed but not linked: 29

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Metadata

Authors
Singh, R. K., Fernando, S., Baygi, S. F., Multari, N., Thagard, S. M., & Holsen, T. M.
Affiliations
  • Plasma Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
  • Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
ORCID
Venue
Environmental Science & Technology
Publisher
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published
2019-02-15
Volume
53
Issue
5
Pages
2731-2738
ISSN
  • 0013-936X
  • 1520-5851
DOI
10.1021/acs.est.8b07031
Cited by
467
References
6
Language
en
Licence
Funders
  • Air Force Civil Engineer Center (FA8903-17-C-0015)
  • Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems (1630854)

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