Automatized Assessment of Protective Group Reactivity: A Step Toward Big Reaction Data Analysis
Abstract
We report a new method to assess protective groups (PGs) reactivity as a function of reaction conditions (catalyst, solvent) using raw reaction data. It is based on an intuitive similarity principle for chemical reactions: similar reactions proceed under similar conditions. Technically, reaction similarity can be assessed using the Condensed Graph of Reaction (CGR) approach representing an ensemble of reactants and products as a single molecular graph, i.e., as a pseudomolecule for which molecular descriptors or fingerprints can be calculated. CGR-based in-house tools were used to process data for 142,111 catalytic hydrogenation reactions extracted from the Reaxys database. Our results reveal some contradictions with famous Greene's Reactivity Charts based on manual expert analysis. Models developed in this study show high accuracy (ca. 90%) for predicting optimal experimental conditions of protective group deprotection.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Reaction data from public databases is of mixed quality.
“Generally, reaction data from public databases is of mixed quality.”
From QSAR without borders (2020) · cites this paper as [139]
Many reactions are stoichiometrically unbalanced, some important data on reaction conditions are missing, and different names are used for the same catalysts or solvents.
“Many of the reactions are stoichiometrically unbalanced, some important data on reaction conditions are missing, and different names are used for the same catalysts or solvents.139”
From QSAR without borders (2020) · cites this paper as [139]
Lin et al. used the heuristic that similar reactions proceed under similar conditions to predict optimal reaction conditions.
“Lin et al.139 used the heuristic that similar reactions proceed under similar conditions to predict optimal reaction conditions.”
From QSAR without borders (2020) · cites this paper as [139]
Cites
Concepts and applications of molecular similarity
Johnson, M. A., & Maggiora, G. M. (1990) · Wiley eBooks · Cited by 1,322 · see citing works
US Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA1)
Eastlake, D., & Jones, P. B. (2001) · doi:10.17487/rfc3174 · Cited by 912 · see citing works
A Computer Program for Classifying Plants
Rogers, D. J., & Tanimoto, T. T. (1960) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.132.3434.1115 · Cited by 874 · see citing works
Fourches, D., Muratov, E., & Tropsha, A. (2010) · Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling · doi:10.1021/ci100176x · Cited by 832 · see citing works
Rivest, R. L. (1990) · doi:10.17487/rfc1186 · Cited by 613 · see citing works
Greene's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis
(2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118905074 · Cited by 425 · see citing works
Varnek, A., Fourches, D., Hoonakker, F., & Solov’ev, V. P. (2005) · Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design · doi:10.1007/s10822-005-9008-0 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Self-citationComputer-aided molecular design of solvents for accelerated reaction kinetics
Struebing, H., Ganase, Z., Karamertzanis, P. G., et al. (2013) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.1755 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Stereoselective total synthesis of the guaiazulenic sesquiterpenoids .alpha.-bulnesene and bulnesol
Heathcock, C. H., & Ratcliffe, R. W. (1971) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja00736a029 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Sajiki, H., & Hirota, K. (1998) · Tetrahedron · doi:10.1016/s0040-4020(98)00882-5 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
ISIDA Property‐Labelled Fragment Descriptors
Ruggiu, F., Marcou, G., Varnek, A. A., & Horvath, D. (2010) · Molecular Informatics · doi:10.1002/minf.201000099 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Self-citationExpert System for Predicting Reaction Conditions: The Michael Reaction Case
Marcou, G., Aires de Sousa, J., Latino, D. A. R. S., de Luca, A., Horvath, D., Rietsch, V., & Varnek, A. (2015) · Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling · doi:10.1021/ci500698a · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citationKnowledge-Based Approach to <i>de Novo</i> Design Using Reaction Vectors
Patel, H., Bodkin, M. J., Chen, B., & Gillet, V. J. (2009) · Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling · doi:10.1021/ci800413m · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Automatic reaction mapping and reaction center detection
Chen, W. L., Chen, D. Z., & Taylor, K. T. (2013) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Computational Molecular Science · doi:10.1002/wcms.1140 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
HOONAKKER, F., LACHICHE, N., VARNEK, A., & WAGNER, A. (2011) · International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools · doi:10.1142/s0218213011000140 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationSolvent-modulated Pd/C-catalyzed deprotection of silyl ethers and chemoselective hydrogenation
Ikawa, T., Hattori, K., Sajiki, H., et al. (2004) · Tetrahedron · doi:10.1016/j.tet.2004.05.098 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Jarowicki, K., & Kocieński, P. (2000) · Journal of the Chemical Society Perkin Transactions 1 · doi:10.1039/b003410j · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Meienhofer, J., & Kuromizu, K. (1974) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(01)91878-7 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Structure-reactivity relationships in terms of the condensed graphs of reactions
Madzhidov, T., Полищук, П. Г., Ирекович, Н. Р., Бодров, А. В., Lin, A., Baskin, I. I., Varnek, A. A., & Antipin, I. S. (2014) · Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1134/s1070428014040010 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationMining Chemical Reactions Using Neighborhood Behavior and Condensed Graphs of Reactions Approaches
de Luca, A., Horvath, D., Marcou, G., Solov’ev, V. P., & Varnek, A. A. (2012) · Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling · doi:10.1021/ci300149n · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationMüller, C., Marcou, G., Horvath, D., Aires‐de‐Sousa, J., & Varnek, A. A. (2012) · Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling · doi:10.1021/ci300418q · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationStudies on the hydrogenolysis of benzyl ethers
Llàcer, E., Romea, P., & Urpı́, F. (2006) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.05.109 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
An efficient route to intermediates for the synthesis of 11-deoxyprostaglandins
Bindra, J. S., & Grodski, A. (1978) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jo00410a031 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Jansson, A. M., Grøtli, M., Halkes, K. M., et al. (2001) · Organic Letters · doi:10.1021/ol016812x · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Surfraz, M. B.-U., Akhtar, M., & Allemann, R. K. (2003) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.11.130 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Computer‐Assisted Synthesis Design (CASD)
Barone, R., & Chanon, M. (2003) · doi:10.1002/9783527618279.ch43c · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Planning chemical syntheses with deep neural networks and symbolic AI
Segler, M. H. S., Preuss, M., & Waller, M. P. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature25978 · Cited by 1,847 · see citing works
Muratov, E. N., Bajorath, J., Sheridan, R. P., Tetko, I. V., Filimonov, D., Poroikov, V., Oprea, T. I., Baskin, I. I., Varnek, A., Roitberg, A., et al. (2020) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/d0cs00098a · Cited by 913 · see citing works
Self-citationUsing Machine Learning To Predict Suitable Conditions for Organic Reactions
Gao, H., Struble, T. J., Coley, C. W., Wang, Y., Green, W. H., & Jensen, K. F. (2018) · ACS Central Science · doi:10.1021/acscentsci.8b00357 · Cited by 431 · see citing works
- Authors
- Lin, A. I., Madzhidov, T. I., Klimchuk, O., Nugmanov, R. I., Antipin, I. S., & Varnek, A.
- Affiliations
- Kazan Federal University (RU)
- Université de Strasbourg (FR)
- Laboratory of Chemoinformatics and Molecular Modeling, Department of Organic Chemistry, A.M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya Str. 18, Kazan, Russia, 420008
- Corresponding author
- Varnek, Alexandre
- Venue
- Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2016-11-08
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 2140-2148
- ISSN
- 1549-9596 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-960X
- OpenAlex
- W2540880742
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8
- FWCI
- 4.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- zvestiya of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (National Academy of Sciences of Belarus) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Russian Science Foundation (14-43-00024)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computational Theory and Mathematics › Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Geometry and Topology › Graph theory and applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Machine Learning in Materials Science
- Keywords
- molecular graphs, catalytic hydrogenation, reaction condition prediction
- MeSH terms
- Automation, Catalysis, Hydroxides, Models, Chemical, Phenols, Solvents, Databases, Factual, Informatics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review