Discovery of Umibecestat (CNP520): A Potent, Selective, and Efficacious β-Secretase (BACE1) Inhibitor for the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease
Abstract
After identification of lead compound 6, 5-amino-1,4-oxazine BACE1 inhibitors were optimized in order to improve potency, brain penetration, and metabolic stability. Insertion of a methyl and a trifluoromethyl group at the 6-position of the 5-amino-1,4-oxazine led to 8 ( NB-360 ), an inhibitor with a p K a of 7.1, a very low P-glycoprotein efflux ratio, and excellent pharmacological profile, enabling high central nervous system penetration and exposure. Fur color changes observed with NB-360 in efficacy studies in preclinical animal models triggered further optimization of the series. Herein, we describe the steps leading to the discovery of 3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid [6-((3 R,6 R )-5-amino-3,6-dimethyl-6-trifluoromethyl-3,6-dihydro-2 H -[1,4]oxazin-3-yl)-5-fluoro-pyridin-2-yl]amide 15 ( CNP520, umibecestat ), an inhibitor with superior BACE1/BACE2 selectivity and pharmacokinetics. CNP520 reduced significantly Aβ levels in mice and rats in acute and chronic treatment regimens without any side effects and thus qualified for Alzheimer’s disease prevention studies in the clinic.
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CNP520 (umibecestat) has been shown to reduce burden of amyloid-beta plaques in preclinical animals and is currently undergoing testing phases.
“Similar to other BACE-1 inhibitors, CNP520 (umibecestat (labeled as 11, Figure 5)) has been shown to reduce the burden of amyloid-beta plaques in preclinical animals; it is presently undergoing testing phases [157,166,167].”
From Recent Advances in Therapeutics for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease (2024) · cites this paper as [166]
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BindingDB Entry 50019725: An Analysis of Successful Hit-to-Clinical Candidate Pairs.
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- Authors
- Machauer, R., Lueoend, R., Hurth, K., Veenstra, S. J., Rueeger, H., Voegtle, M., Tintelnot-Blomley, M., Rondeau, J.-M., Jacobson, L. H., Laue, G., Beltz, K., & Neumann, U.
- Affiliations
- Novartis (Switzerland) (CH)
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Corresponding author
- Machauer, Rainer
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2021-10-14
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 20
- Pages
- 15262-15279
- ISSN
- 0022-2623 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-4804
- OpenAlex
- W3206453397
- Cited by
- 40
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 4.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- The Novartis Repository (Novartis) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- BACE1 inhibitors, Alzheimer's disease prevention, P-glycoprotein efflux, brain penetration, pharmacokinetics, structure-activity optimization, trifluoromethyl substitution
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Cell Line, Dogs, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Enzyme Inhibitors, Humans, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Oxazines, Structure-Activity Relationship, Molecular Structure, Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Mice, Rats, Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases, Drug Discovery
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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