Aggregation of Amphiphilic Carbocyanines: Fluorination Favors Cylindrical Micelles over Bilayered Tubes
Abstract
chains attached to the nitrogen atoms in the 1,1'-position, CF8O3, is reported. Depending on the dye concentration and the addition of MeOH, CF8O3 forms J- and H-aggregates in aqueous solutions. The aggregation behavior was investigated using steady-state absorption, linear dichroism, and fluorescence spectroscopy, as well as by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). The J-band of the MeOH-free solution is monomer-like, rather broad, and less red-shifted with respect to the monomer absorption, indicating weak excitonic coupling and disorder effects. Cryo-TEM reveals a diversity of supramolecular structures, wherein linear and branched cylindrical micelles dominate. It is concluded that the high stiffness of fluoroalkyl chains does not allow the chains to splay and completely fill up the hydrophobic gap between opposing chromophores. This destabilizes the bilayers and favors the micellar structure motifs instead. The aggregates appearing at 30% MeOH show a split absorption spectrum consisting of a broad blue-shifted H-band and an accompanying sharp red-shifted J-band with perpendicular polarizations. These HJ-type aggregates are also composed of micellar fibers, but these bundle into rope-like strands. For 10% MeOH, a narrow bilayered tube is the dominating morphology. The observed MeOH dependence of aggregation reveals a clear cosolvent effect.
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The self-assembly of dyes can be controlled at the level of molecular design through substituent coupling so that the bulkiness of the donor substituent leads to strong H-type or strong J-type exciton coupling.
“The self-assembly of dyes can be controlled at the level of molecular design through substituent coupling so that the bulkiness of the donor substituent leads to strong H-type or strong J-type exciton coupling.98−100”
From The Pursuit of Shortwave Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles with Bright Fluorescence through Molecular Design and Excited-State Engineering of Molecular Aggregates (2022) · cites this paper as [100]
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- Authors
- Singh, A. K., Schade, B., Wycisk, V., Böttcher, C., Haag, R., & von Berlepsch, H.
- Affiliations
- Freie Universität Berlin (DE)
- Core Facility BioSupraMol, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 36a, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Corresponding author
- Haag, Rainer
- Venue
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry B
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2021-09-10
- Volume
- 125
- Issue
- 37
- Pages
- 10538-10550
- ISSN
- 1520-5207 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-6106
- OpenAlex
- W3198327140
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2022: 1
- FWCI
- 0.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry B (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (BioSupraMol, BO 1000/11-1, HA 2549/18-1, SFB 1349 (TP C6 (387284271)))
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Surfactants and Colloidal Systems
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Physical and Theoretical Chemistry › Photochemistry and Electron Transfer Studies
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials
- Keywords
- carbocyanine dyes, amphiphilic dyes, fluorinated alkyl chains, cylindrical micelles, J-aggregates, H-aggregates, cosolvent effects, methanol, supramolecular aggregation, excitonic coupling, dye self-assembly
- MeSH terms
- Carbocyanines, Micelles, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Halogenation
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