Single-step electrodeposited molybdenum incorporated nickel sulfide thin films from low-cost precursors as highly efficient hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts in acid medium
Abstract
Large-scale production of hydrogen—the energy carrier of the future—remains challenging on economy grounds. Low-cost synthetic designs are necessary to produce electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Ternary nickel molybdenum sulfides Ni 1– x Mo x S ( x = 0, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16) have been electrochemically grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate as highly active and stable HER electrocatalysts. The merits of this method are (1) the electrochemical method is energy efficient at ambient conditions and can be easily scaled up on large surface area substrates; (2) Ni, Mo, and S precursors used for the deposition are readily available and relatively cheaper compared to similar methods; and (3) the synthesis procedure is simple, one step, and requires no further heat treatments. The deposited thin films have been examined using regular physical characterization techniques, and their HER activity has been evaluated through electrochemical methods. Ni 0.96 Mo 0.04 S, especially, has exhibited a promising HER activity with a lowest Tafel slope of 46 mV/dec. The mechanistic aspects of HER on the thin films have been extensively studied by voltammetric and impedance methods. Tafel analysis and double-layer capacitance measurements have revealed that the high activity of Ni 0.96 Mo 0.04 S can be attributed to the larger electrochemical surface area and the faster discharge of protons in the initial Volmer step. Moreover, stability tests performed on various thin films have shown that Mo-doped thin films could retain more than 80% of the initial activity whereas NiS has lost more than 50% of the same.
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The HER mechanism in acid media involves Volmer, Tafel, and Heyrovsky reactions with theoretical Tafel slopes of approximately 120, 40, and 30 mV/dec, respectively.
“The first reaction taking the potential into account is the Volmer's reaction, which consider the adsorption of the proton H3O++e−→Hads+H2O (theoretical Tafel slope ≈ 120 mV/dec).”
From Influence of boron doping level and calcination temperature on hydrogen evolution reaction in acid medium of metal-free graphene aerogels (2023) · cites this paper as [6]
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- Authors
- Murthy, A. P., Theerthagiri, J., Premnath, K., Madhavan, J., & Murugan, K.
- Affiliations
- Thiruvalluvar University (IN)
- Bharathiar University (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Madhavan, Jagannathan
- Venue
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry C
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2017-05-23
- Volume
- 121
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 11108-11116
- ISSN
- 1932-7447 (ISSN-L)
- 1932-7455
- OpenAlex
- W2616313257
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 1.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Physical Chemistry C (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Fuel Cells and Related Materials
- Keywords
- hydrogen evolution reaction, nickel molybdenum sulfide, ternary sulfides, electrodeposition, thin films, fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate, low-cost precursors, electrochemically active surface area, Volmer step, catalyst stability, Tafel slope, double-layer capacitance
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