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Nanoscale Nucleation and Growth of Electrodeposited Lithium Metal
Open accessAbstract
and lowest electrochemical potential of all known materials. However, lithium has been plagued by the issues of dendrite formation, high chemical reactivity with electrolyte, and infinite relative volume expansion during plating and stripping, which present safety hazards and low cycling efficiency in batteries with lithium metal electrodes. There have been a lot of recent studies on Li metal although little work has focused on the initial nucleation and growth behavior of Li metal, neglecting a critical fundamental scientific foundation of Li plating. Here, we study experimentally the morphology of lithium in the early stages of nucleation and growth on planar copper electrodes in liquid organic electrolyte. We elucidate the dependence of lithium nuclei size, shape, and areal density on current rate, consistent with classical nucleation and growth theory. We found that the nuclei size is proportional to the inverse of overpotential and the number density of nuclei is proportional to the cubic power of overpotential. Based on this understanding, we propose a strategy to increase the uniformity of electrodeposited lithium on the electrode surface.
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Cites
Armand, M., & Tarascon, J.-M. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/451652a · Cited by 19,612
Li-O2 and Li-S batteries with high energy storage
Bruce, P. G., Freunberger, S. A., Hardwick, L. J., & Tarascon, J.-M. (2012) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/nmat3191 · Cited by 9,479
High rate and stable cycling of lithium metal anode
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Tomaszewska, A., Chu, Z., Feng, X., O'Kane, S., Liu, X., Chen, J., Ji, C., Endler, E., Li, R., Liu, L., et al. (2019) · eTransportation · doi:10.1016/j.etran.2019.100011 · Cited by 1,592
Self-citationA Metal-Organic Framework Host for Highly Reversible Dendrite-free Zinc Metal Anodes
Wang, Z., Huang, J., Guo, Z., Dong, X., Liu, Y., Wang, Y., & Xia, Y. (2019) · Joule · doi:10.1016/j.joule.2019.02.012 · Cited by 938
Recent Progress on Zn Anodes for Advanced Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Nie, C., Wang, G., Wang, D., Wang, M., Gao, X., Bai, Z., Wang, N., Yang, J., Xing, Z., & Dou, S. (2023) · Advanced Energy Materials · doi:10.1002/aenm.202300606 · Cited by 561
Lithium metal anodes: Present and future
Wang, R., Cui, W., Chu, F., & Wu, F. (2020) · Journal of Energy Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jechem.2019.12.024 · Cited by 544
Self-heating–induced healing of lithium dendrites
Li, L., Basu, S., Wang, Y., Chen, Z., Hundekar, P., Wang, B., Shi, J., Shi, Y., Narayanan, S., & Koratkar, N. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aap8787 · Cited by 528
Metadata
- Authors
- Pei, A., Zheng, G., Shi, F., Li, Y., & Cui, Y.
- Venue
- Nano Letters
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2017-01-13
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 1132-1139
- ISSN
- 1530-6984 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-6992
- OpenAlex
- W2570780803
- Cited by
- 1,726
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 46.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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