Enzymatically Triggered Jack-in-the-Box-like Hydrogels
Abstract
Enzymes can support the synthesis or degradation of biomacromolecules in natural processes. Here, we demonstrate that enzymes can induce a macroscopic-directed movement of microstructured hydrogels following a mechanism that we call a "Jack-in-the-box" effect. The material's design is based on the formation of internal stresses induced by a deformation load on an architectured microscale, which are kinetically frozen by the generation of polyester locking domains, similar to a Jack-in-the-box toy (i.e., a compressed spring stabilized by a closed box lid). To induce the controlled macroscopic movement, the locking domains are equipped with enzyme-specific cleavable bonds (i.e., a box with a lock and key system). As a result of enzymatic reaction, a transformed shape is achieved by the release of internal stresses. There is an increase in entropy in combination with a swelling-supported stretching of polymer chains within the microarchitectured hydrogel (i.e., the encased clown pops-up with a pre-stressed movement when the box is unlocked). This utilization of an enzyme as a physiological stimulus may offer new approaches to create interactive and enzyme-specific materials for different applications such as an optical indicator of the enzyme's presence or actuators and sensors in biotechnology and in fermentation processes.
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Non-heating triggers for water-induced or degradation-induced SMP are other options.
“Non-heating triggers for water-induced 15 or degradation-induced 16 SMP are other options.”
From Shape memory polymer with programmable recovery onset (2023) · cites this paper as [16]
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Shape memory polymer with programmable recovery onset
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“Both externally triggered SMPs 17–19 and naturally triggered SMPs 15,16 have their own advantages and limitations.”
Background
- Authors
- Balk, M., Behl, M., Nöchel, U., & Lendlein, A.
- Affiliations
- Tianjin University (CN)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Lendlein, Andreas
- Venue
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2021-02-08
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 8095-8101
- ISSN
- 1944-8244 (ISSN-L)
- 1944-8252
- OpenAlex
- W3127639535
- Cited by
- 4
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 0.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- publish.UP (University of Potsdam) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Science and Technology (2008DFA51170)
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (0315496)
- Helmholtz Association
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Advanced Materials and Mechanics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer composites and self-healing
- Keywords
- internal stress release, shape transformation, hydrogel actuators, enzyme detection, hydrogel swelling
- MeSH terms
- Biocompatible Materials, Lipase, Particle Size, Polyesters, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Surface Properties, Hydrogels
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