Current Status of Organic Matters in Bottled Drinking Water in Korea
Abstract
Microplastics may be ubiquitous across ecosystems, yet the current state of exposure to microplastics in daily life remains poorly understood. We focused on drinking water in plastic bottles purchased from a local market in South Korea. The composition, amount, and size of organic matter in solid residues obtained by freeze-drying drinking water in a plastic bottle were determined using analytical methods including dry ashing, centrifugation, Raman analysis, and electron microscopy. A significant amount of organic matter was found in the plastic bottles (0.25–2.0 mg/L), and once the organic matter was concentrated and dried as a solid, it was not soluble in water. In addition, a series of stress to the plastic bottle, such as light, heat, and mechanical stress, did not significantly increase the organic matter within a month. The potential adverse effects of organic matter on humans were evaluated using the human intestinal Caco-2 cell line. The results showed no significant toxicity in cell viability even at relatively high concentrations of organic matter (1.0 mg/mL). However, the monitoring of the accumulation of organic matter in the human body over a longer period of time will be needed because of the higher probability of nanoscale material uptake in the long term.
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Information is demanded to address the intrinsic heterogeneity of nanoplastics contamination at a single-particle level.
“Information is demanded to address the intrinsic heterogeneity of nanoplastics contamination at a single-particle level (SI Appendix, Fig. S18a) (63, 64).”
From Rapid single-particle chemical imaging of nanoplastics by SRS microscopy (2024) · cites this paper as [64]
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Rapid single-particle chemical imaging of nanoplastics by SRS microscopy
Qian, N., Gao, X., Lang, X., Deng, H., Bratu, T. M., Chen, Q., Stapleton, P., Yan, B., & Min, W. (2024) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2300582121 · Cited by 467 · see citing works
- Authors
- Park, I., Yang, W., & Lim, D.-K.
- Affiliations
- Korea University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Lim, Dong-Kwon
- Venue
- ACS ES&T Water
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2022-04-26
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 738-748
- ISSN
- 2690-0637 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4281253381
- Cited by
- 10
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3
- FWCI
- 0.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- ACS ES&T Water (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Research Foundation of Korea (2017M3D1A1039421)
- Korea University
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Water Treatment and Disinfection
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Environmental and Analytical Chemistry Studies
- Keywords
- bottled water, plastic bottles, organic matter, microplastics, human exposure, plastic degradation, South Korea
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