Cited by 208Hemoglobinopathies and Related DisordersHemoglobin structure and functionErythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology

Discovery of GBT440, an Orally Bioavailable R-State Stabilizer of Sickle Cell Hemoglobin

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Metcalf, Brian, Chuang, Chihyuan, Dufu, Kobina, Patel, Mira P., Silva-Garcia, Abel, Johnson, Carl, Lu, Qing, Partridge, James R. +16 more·2017·ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters

Abstract

We report the discovery of a new potent allosteric effector of sickle cell hemoglobin, GBT440 (36), that increases the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen and consequently inhibits its polymerization when subjected to hypoxic conditions. Unlike earlier allosteric activators that bind covalently to hemoglobin in a 2:1 stoichiometry, 36 binds with a 1:1 stoichiometry. Compound 36 is orally bioavailable and partitions highly and favorably into the red blood cell with a RBC/plasma ratio of ?150. This partitioning onto the target protein is anticipated to allow therapeutic concentrations to be achieved in the red blood cell at low plasma concentrations. GBT440 (36) is in Phase 3 clinical trials for the treatment of sickle cell disease (NCT03036813).

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  • An aldehyde-containing natural product and several synthetic aldehyde analogues prevent HbS polymerization by increasing its affinity for oxygen.

    “An aldehyde-containing natural product and several synthetic aldehyde analogues were found to prevent polymerization by increasing the affinity of HbS for oxygen143.”

    From Advances in covalent drug discovery (2022) · cites this paper as [143]

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Authors
Metcalf, B., Chuang, C., Dufu, K., Patel, M. P., Silva-Garcia, A., Johnson, C., Lu, Q., Partridge, J. R., Patskovska, L., Patskovsky, Y., Almo, S. C., Jacobson, M. P., Hua, L., Xu, Q., Gwaltney, S. L., Yee, C., Harris, J., Morgan, B. P., James, J., Xu, D., Hutchaleelaha, A., Paulvannan, K., Oksenberg, D., & Li, Z.
Affiliations
  • Global Blood Therapeutics (United States) (US)
  • Cytokinetics, Inc. , , ,
  • Global Blood Therapeutics, Inc. , , ,
  • Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
  • Cytokinetics (United States) (US)
  • Tandem Sciences, Inc. , , ,
Corresponding author
Li, Zhe
Venue
ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters
Published
2017-01-23
Volume
8
Issue
3
Pages
321-326
ISSN
1948-5875 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2580609256
Cited by
203
References
18
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 3
FWCI
8.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM073210, GM082250, GM094625, GM105404)
  • National Science Foundation (1330685)
  • University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
  • Plexxikon Inc.
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Hemoglobin structure and function
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
Keywords
hemoglobin S, allosteric effectors, oxygen affinity, hypoxia, oral bioavailability, sickle cell disease, drug discovery

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