Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Composite Cell-Laden Hydrogel Promotes Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis In Vitro
Open accessAbstract
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Injectable hydrogels provide an effective strategy for minimally invasive treatment on irregular bony defects in the maxillofacial region. To improve the osteoinduction of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), we fabricated a three-dimensional (3D) culture system based on the incorporation of magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate (struvite) into GelMA. The optimal concentration of struvite was investigated using the struvite extracts, and 500 μg mL –1 was found to be the most suitable concentration for the osteogenesis of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We prepared the GelMA composite (MgP) with 500 μg mL –1 struvite. Struvite did not affect the cross-linking of GelMA and released Mg 2+ during degradation. The cell delivery system using MgP improved the laden-cell viability, upregulated the expression of osteogenic and angiogenic-differentiation-related genes, and promoted cell migration. Overall, the modifications made to the GelMA in this study improved osteoinduction and demonstrated great potential for application in vascularized bone tissue regeneration.
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Mg2+ has angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activities that provide additional protection in various bone regeneration conditions.
“In addition, the angiogenic [26] and anti-inflammatory [27] activities of Mg2+ provide additional protection in various bone regeneration conditions.”
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- Authors
- Liu, C., Yang, G., Zhou, M., Zhang, X., Wu, X., Wu, P., Gu, X., & Jiang, X.
- Affiliations
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Gu, Xiaoyu
- Jiang, Xinquan
- Venue
- ACS Omega
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2021-04-02
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 9449-9459
- ISSN
- 2470-1343 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8047646
- OpenAlex
- W3141193334
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5
- FWCI
- 1.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- ACS Omega (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SSMU-ZDCX20180900)
- Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2016YFC1102900)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81620108006, 81921002, 81991505)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Keywords
- struvite, gelatin methacryloyl, injectable hydrogel, bone formation, angiogenesis, dental pulp stem cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, bone regeneration, maxillofacial bone defects, vascularized bone regeneration, cell delivery systems, magnesium ion release, hydrogel degradation
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