Distributions and leaching behaviors of toxic elements in fly ash.
Open accessAbstract
Fly ash usually contains a considerable amount of toxic elements that can be leached into the environment, thereby easily leading to serious contaminations. In this work, the leaching behaviors of poisonous elements including boron (B), phosphorus (P), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), antimony (Sb), and tungsten (W) from fly ash were explored by sequential extraction. Importantly, the associations of these elements in fly ash were discussed based on their leaching and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) results. From the XANES results, it was observed that V(IV), Cr(III), As(V), Se(IV), and W(IV) were their main states of existence in fly ash. In terms of leaching results, large amounts of Mo and W were leached into pure water, which indicated their high mobilities. Furthermore, the occurrence of Mo in fly ash was mainly in the form of oxides, and W had complex associations including WX4 (X can be monovalent anions), its reduction state or association with the elements that can be oxidized, and existence in silicates. B was as easily released into the environment as Mo and W. It can have several associations with the other cations, such as Ca2+, Na+, and Mg2+, and occurs in silicates. In contrast, most of the Cr and Sb were locked in silicates, indicating that they were very stable in fly ash. In addition, P, V, and As can exist within the structure of silicates as well. However, a considerable amount of them leached in the reduction step with a low pH. Hence, they can be associated with Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, or Fe3+. In terms of Se, oxidation processes played an important role in controlling its leaching because of the oxidation of Se(IV) to Se(VI). Calcium selenite should be the predominant form of Se in fly ash.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Ca is not normally considered hazardous, but can significantly influence the overall toxicity of ash eluates.
“In the broader context, Ca is not normally considered hazardous, but can significantly influence the overall toxicity of ash eluates (e.g. its strong relationship with SO 4 2À leaching) (Mount et al. 1997;Tian et al. 2018).”
From Chemical composition of wildfire ash produced in contrasting ecosystems and its toxicity to Daphnia magna (2019) · cites this paper as Tian et al. 2018
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
ATHENA , ARTEMIS , HEPHAESTUS : data analysis for X-ray absorption spectroscopy using IFEFFIT
Ravel, B., & Newville, M. G. (2005) · Journal of Synchrotron Radiation · doi:10.1107/s0909049505012719 · Cited by 16,981 · see citing works
A review on the utilization of fly ash
Ahmaruzzaman, M. (2010) · Progress in Energy and Combustion Science · doi:10.1016/j.pecs.2009.11.003 · Cited by 2,641 · see citing works
Idris, M. H., Jafari, H., Harandi, S. E., Mirshahi, M., & Koleyni, S. J. (2012) · Advanced materials research · Cited by 2,357 · see citing works
A comprehensive review on the applications of coal fly ash
Yao, Z. T., Ji, X. S., Sarker, P. K., Tang, J. H., Ge, L. Q., Xia, M. S., & Xi, Y. Q. (2015) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.11.016 · Cited by 1,737 · see citing works
Leaching behaviour of elements from coal combustion fly ash: An overview
Izquierdo, M., & Querol, X. (2011) · International Journal of Coal Geology · doi:10.1016/j.coal.2011.10.006 · Cited by 736 · see citing works
Trace elements in coal and their behaviour during combustion in a large power station
Querol, X., Fernández-Turiel, J. L., & Lopez-Soler, A. (1995) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/0016-2361(95)93464-o · Cited by 567 · see citing works
Aquatic selenium pollution is a global environmental safety issue
Lemly, A. D. (2003) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/s0147-6513(03)00095-2 · Cited by 560 · see citing works
ATHENA and ARTEMIS Interactive Graphical Data Analysisusing IFEFFIT
Ravel, B., & Newville, M. G. (2005) · Physica Scripta · doi:10.1238/physica.topical.115a01007 · Cited by 492 · see citing works
Crystallization and Phase Stability of CaSO 4 and CaSO 4 - Based Salts
Freyer, D., & Voigt, W. (2003) · Monatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly · doi:10.1007/s00706-003-0590-3 · Cited by 477 · see citing works
Physico-chemical characteristics of European pulverized coal combustion fly ashes
Moreno, N., Querol, X., Andrés, J. M., Stanton, K. T., Towler, M. R., Nugteren, H. W., Janssen‐Jurkovícová, M., & Jones, M. R. (2004) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2004.06.038 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
Modes of Occurrence of Environmentally-Sensitive Trace Elements in Coal
Finkelman, R. B. (1995) · Energy & environment · doi:10.1007/978-94-015-8496-8_3 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Mineralogy of combustion wastes from coal-fired power stations
Vassilev, S. V., & Vassileva, C. G. (1996) · Fuel Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/0378-3820(96)01016-8 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Impacts of pH on leaching potential of elements from MSW incineration fly ash
Zhang, Y., Çetin, B., Likos, W. J., et al. (2016) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2016.07.089 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Speciation of As, Cr, Se and Hg under coal fired power station conditions
Shah, P., Strezov, V., Prince, K. E., et al. (2008) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2007.12.001 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Wan, X., Wang, W., Ye, T.-M., et al. (2005) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.10.048 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Selenium and Arsenic Speciation in Fly Ash from Full-Scale Coal-Burning Utility Plants
Huggins, F. E., Senior, C., Chu, P., et al. (2007) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es062069y · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Mechanism and kinetics of aluminum and iron leaching from coal fly ash by sulfuric acid
Seidel, A., & Zimmels, Y. (1998) · Chemical Engineering Science · doi:10.1016/s0009-2509(98)00201-2 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Goodarzi, F., Huggins, F. E., & Sanei, H. (2007) · International Journal of Coal Geology · doi:10.1016/j.coal.2007.09.002 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Komonweeraket, K., Çetin, B., Benson, C. H., et al. (2014) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2014.11.018 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Modes of occurrence of trace elements in coal from XAFS spectroscopy
Huggins, F. E., & HUFFMAN, G. P. (1996) · International Journal of Coal Geology · doi:10.1016/s0166-5162(96)00029-8 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Sterling, R. O., & Helble, J. J. (2003) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(02)00722-1 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Zhao, S., Duan, Y., Lu, J., Gupta, R. P., Pudasainee, D., Liu, S., Liu, M., & Lu, J. (2018) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.05.135 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Speciation of arsenic and chromium in coal and combustion ash by XAFS spectroscopy
HUFFMAN, G. P., Huggins, F. E., Shah, N., et al. (1994) · Fuel Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/0378-3820(94)90171-6 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Elemental distribution in coal fly ash particles
Hansen, L. D., & Fisher, G. L. (1980) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es60169a015 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Zhao, S., Duan, Y., Chen, L., et al. (2017) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.009 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Speciation of Arsenic and Selenium in Coal Combustion Products
Shah, P., Strezov, V., Stevanov, C., et al. (2006) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef0604083 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
A comprehensive characterisation of fly ash from a thermal power plant in Eastern India
Sarkar, A., Rano, R., Udaybhanu, G., & Basu, A. K. (2006) · Fuel Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2005.09.005 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Mode of occurrence of arsenic in feed coal and its derivative fly ash, Black Warrior Basin, Alabama
Zielinski, R. A., Foster, A. L., Meeker, G. P., et al. (2006) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2006.07.033 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
The Silicate/non-silicate distribution of metals in fly ash and its effect on solubility
Kim, A. G., & Kazonich, G. (2004) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2004.06.005 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Trace element (Hg, As, Cr, Cd, Pb) distribution and speciation in coal-fired power plants
Zhang, Y., Shang, P., Wang, J., et al. (2017) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2017.07.064 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Leaching Characteristics of Arsenic and Selenium from Coal Fly Ash: Role of Calcium
Wang, T., Wang, J., Tang, Y., et al. (2009) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef900044w · Cited by 78 · see citing works
XAFS spectroscopic characterization of elements in combustion ash and fine particulate matter
Huggins, F. E., Shah, N., HUFFMAN, G. P., et al. (2000) · Fuel Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/s0378-3820(99)00089-2 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Long-term leachability of selected elements from fly ash
Dudas, M. J. (1981) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es00089a013 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
The Leaching of Major and Trace Elements from Coal Ash
Jones, D. R. (1995) · Energy & environment · doi:10.1007/978-94-015-8496-8_12 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Akar, G., Polat, M., Galecki, G., et al. (2012) · Fuel Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2012.06.026 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Narukawa, T., Takatsu, A., Chiba, K., et al. (2005) · Journal of Environmental Monitoring · doi:10.1039/b509817c · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Trace elements in combustion residues from a UK power station
Spears, D. A., & Martinez-Tarrazona, M. R. (2004) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2004.06.025 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Leachability and analytical speciation of antimony in coal fly ash
Miravet, R., López-Sánchez, J. F., & Rubio, R. (2006) · Analytica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.aca.2006.06.003 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Spears, D. A. (2004) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2004.02.018 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
The partitioning behaviour of boron from tourmaline during ashing of coal
Boyd, R. J. (2002) · International Journal of Coal Geology · doi:10.1016/s0166-5162(02)00163-5 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Rivera, N., Hesterberg, D. L., Kaur, N., et al. (2017) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b00020 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Yoo, K., Sasaki, K., Hirajima, T., et al. (2002) · MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS · doi:10.2320/matertrans.43.3189 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, S. C., Jiang, C. S., Hao, Q. J., et al. (2011) · Advanced materials research · doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.414.166 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Ward C.; French D.; Jankowski J. Comparative Evaluation of Leachability Test Methods and Element Mobility for Selected Australian Fly Ash Samples; Pittsburgh Coal Conference: Pittsburgh, Pa, 2004.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Harper, A. R., Santin, C., Doerr, S. H., Froyd, C. A., Albini, D., Otero, X. L., Viñas, L., & Pérez-Fernández, B. (2019) · International Journal of Wildland Fire · doi:10.1071/wf18200 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
- Authors
- Tian, Q., Guo, B., Nakama, S., & Sasaki, K.
- Affiliations
- Kyushu University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Sasaki, Keiko
- Venue
- ACS Omega
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2018-10-11
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 13055-13064
- ISSN
- 2470-1343 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6644505
- OpenAlex
- W2896563443
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 6.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- ACS Omega (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JP16H02435)
- China Scholarship Council (201706420068)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Coal and Its By-products
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Heavy metals in environment
- Keywords
- fly ash, toxic elements, leaching behavior, element speciation, vanadium, chromium, arsenic, selenium, molybdenum, tungsten, antimony, boron, phosphorus, redox reactions, XANES, sequential extraction, heavy metal mobility
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
