Chemical Upcycling of Polyethylene to Value-Added α,ω-Divinyl-Functionalized Oligomers
Abstract
Today, only 9% of plastic waste is recycled worldwide, with polyethylene being one of the most frequently discarded plastics. In this work, a new route to chemically recycle polyethylene is demonstrated. Polyethylenes of two different molecular weights ( M n = 1.5 kg/mol and M n = 6.6 kg/mol) were upgraded to value-added α,ω-divinyl-functionalized oligomers with shorter, tunable chain lengths via a sequence of bromination, dehydrobromination, and olefin metathesis reactions. Brominated polyethylene (BPE) was isolated in good yields (up to 86 wt %, based on PE) by direct bromination of polyethylene in air, without oxidative cleavage side-reactions. Elimination of bromide resulted in complete conversion of BPE to vinylene polyethylene (VPE) in high yields (up to 91 wt %, based on BPE). Ethenolysis of VPE afforded α,ω-divinyl-functionalized oligomers, also in high yields (up to 97 wt %, based on VPE), with carbon numbers significantly lower than those of the starting PE. Preliminary techno-economic assessments demonstrate that this three-step process could be economically viable on an industrial scale for upcycling PE into value-added chemicals that can be used in the synthesis of lubricants, as well as transformed into new commodity polymers such as polyolefins, polyethers, polyesters, and polyamides.
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- Authors
- Zeng, M., Lee, Y.-H., Strong, G., LaPointe, A. M., Kocen, A. L., Qu, Z., Coates, G. W., Scott, S. L., & Abu-Omar, M. M.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Santa Barbara (US)
- Cornell University (US)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- ORCID
- Venue
- ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2021-10-04
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 41
- Pages
- 13926-13936
- ISSN
- 2168-0485 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3206259641
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 8
- FWCI
- 4.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering (publishedVersion)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Basic Energy Sciences (DE-AC02-07CH11358)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer crystallization and properties
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Synthetic Organic Chemistry Methods
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
- Keywords
- polyethylene upcycling, chemical recycling, dehydrobromination, olefin metathesis, ethenolysis, plastic waste, value-added chemicals, lubricant additives, techno-economic analysis
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