The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Fast Method to Produce Strong NFC Films as a Platform for Barrier and Functional Materials
Open accessAbstract
In this study, we present a rapid method to prepare robust, solvent-resistant, nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) films that can be further surface-modified for functionality. The oxygen, water vapor, and grease barrier properties of the films were measured, and in addition, mechanical properties in the dry and wet state and solvent resistance were evaluated. The pure unmodified NFC films were good barriers for oxygen gas and grease. At a relative humidity below 65%, oxygen permeability of the pure and unmodified NFC films was below 0.6 cm(3) μm m(-2) d(-1) kPa(-1), and no grease penetrated the film. However, the largest advantage of these films was their resistance to various solvents, such as water, methanol, toluene, and dimethylacetamide. Although they absorbed a substantial amount of solvent, the films could still be handled after 24 h of solvent soaking. Hot-pressing was introduced as a convenient method to not only increase the drying speed of the films but also enhance the robustness of the films. The wet strength of the films increased due to the pressing. Thus, they can be chemically or physically modified through adsorption or direct chemical reaction in both aqueous and organic solvents. Through these modifications, the properties of the film can be enhanced, introducing, for example, functionality, hydrophobicity, or bioactivity. Herein, a simple method using surface coating with wax to improve hydrophobicity and oxygen barrier properties at very high humidity is described. Through this modification, the oxygen permeability decreased further and was below 17 cm(3) μm m(-2) d(-1) kPa(-1) even at 97.4% RH, and the water vapor transmission rate decreased from 600 to 40 g/m(2) day. The wax treatment did not deteriorate the dry strength of the film. Possible reasons for the unique properties are discussed. The developed robust NFC films can be used as a generic, environmentally sustainable platform for functional materials.
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Cites
Cellulose nanomaterials review: structure, properties and nanocomposites
Moon, R. J., Martini, A., Nairn, J., Simonsen, J., & Youngblood, J. (2011) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c0cs00108b · Cited by 6,756
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Self-citationStrength and barrier properties of MFC films
Syverud, K., & Stenius, P. (2009) · Cellulose · doi:10.1007/s10570-008-9244-2 · Cited by 592
Nakagaito, A. N., & Yano, H. (2005) · Applied Physics A · doi:10.1007/s00339-003-2225-2 · Cited by 545
Cited by
Wood-Derived Materials for Green Electronics, Biological Devices, and Energy Applications
Zhu, H., Luo, W., Ciesielski, P. N., Fang, Z., Zhu, J. Y., Henriksson, G., Himmel, M. E., & Hu, L. (2016) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00225 · Cited by 1,532
Moisture and Oxygen Barrier Properties of Cellulose Nanomaterial-Based Films
Wang, J., Gardner, D. J., Stark, N. M., Bousfield, D. W., Tajvidi, M., & Cai, Z. (2018) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03523 · Cited by 675
Wood-based nanotechnologies toward sustainability
Jiang, F., Li, T., Li, Y., Zhang, Y., Gong, A., Dai, J., Hitz, E., Luo, W., & Hu, L. (2018) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201703453 · Cited by 599
Nanocellulose in Thin Films, Coatings, and Plies for Packaging Applications: A Review
Hubbe, M. A., Ferrer, A., Tyagi, P., Yin, Y., Salas, C., Pal, L., & Rojas, O. J. (2017) · BioResources · doi:10.15376/biores.12.1.2143-2233 · Cited by 508
Cellulose Nanopaper: Fabrication, Functionalization, and Applications
Liu, W., Liu, K., Du, H., Zheng, T., Zhang, N., Xu, T., Pang, B., Zhang, X., Si, C., & Zhang, K. (2022) · Nano-Micro Letters · doi:10.1007/s40820-022-00849-x · Cited by 435
Metadata
- Authors
- Österberg, M., Vartiainen, J., Lucenius, J., Hippi, U., Seppälä, J., Serimaa, R., & Laine, J.
- Venue
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2013-05-15
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 4640-4647
- ISSN
- 1944-8244 (ISSN-L)
- 1944-8252
- OpenAlex
- W2080071804
- Cited by
- 336
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 8.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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