Carbon Aerogels and Monoliths: Control of Porosity and Nanoarchitecture via Sol–Gel routes
Abstract
The synthesis of carbon aerogels by sol–gel like processes, i.e., hard templating, phase demixing, hydrothermal carbonization techniques, as well as by ionothermal syntheses are reviewed. In all these techniques, we start with a liquid reaction solution, where—controlled by experimental parameters and structure-directing additives—a porous carbon material with high conductivity, high pore volume, and high specific surface area is obtained. Many of these synthesis approaches give the resulting material in simple, rather sustainable processes, and the structures can be employed directly after isolation without further activation processes. The article will discuss also some applications, such as battery and electrode materials as well as catalyst supports.
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Carbon aerogel (CA) with a 3D interconnected network and unique properties, including highly porous structure, large surface area, and great electron transport performance, is an ideal substrate for MoS2 loading and can be used in the energy area.
“Among various carbon materials, carbon aerogel (CA) with 3D interconnected network and unique properties, including highly porous structure, large surface area, and great electron transport performance, is an ideal substrate for MoS2 loading and can be used in energy area.44−46”
From In-Situ Growth of Few-Layered MoS<sub>2</sub> Nanosheets on Highly Porous Carbon Aerogel as Advanced Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (2015) · cites this paper as [45]
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Engineering carbon materials from the hydrothermal carbonization process of biomass
Hu, B., Wang, K., Wu, L., Yu, S., Antonietti, M., & Titirici, M. (2010) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.200902812 · Cited by 1,765 · see citing works
Self-citationSynthesis of Graphene Aerogel with High Electrical Conductivity
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Parale, V. G., Kim, T., Choi, H., Phadtare, V. D., Dhavale, R. P., Kanamori, K., & Park, H. (2024) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202307772 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Zhang, Y., Zuo, L., Huang, Y., Zhang, L., Lai, F., Fan, W., & Liu, T. (2015) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b00700 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Carbon Aerogels From Softwood Kraft Lignin for High Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes
Karaaslan, M. A., Lin, L.-T., Ko, F., & Renneckar, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Materials · doi:10.3389/fmats.2022.894061 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
- Authors
- Antonietti, M., Fechler, N., & Fellinger, T.-P.
- Affiliations
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Antonietti, Markus
- Venue
- Chemistry of Materials
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2013-10-02
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 196-210
- ISSN
- 0897-4756 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5002
- OpenAlex
- W2054117848
- Cited by
- 227
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 9.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Chemistry of Materials (publishedVersion)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Aerogels and thermal insulation
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Mesoporous Materials and Catalysis
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication
- Keywords
- carbon aerogels, carbon monoliths, porosity control, nanoarchitectures, sol-gel synthesis, hard templating, hydrothermal carbonization, ionothermal synthesis, specific surface area, electrical conductivity, battery electrode materials, catalyst supports
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