Computational Alanine Scanning Mutagenesis: MM-PBSA vs TI
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Understanding protein-protein association and being able to determine the crucial residues responsible for their association (hot-spots) is a key issue with huge practical applications such as rational drug design and protein engineering. A variety of computational methods exist to detect hot-spots residues, but the development of a fast and accurate quantitative alanine scanning mutagenesis (ASM) continues to be crucial. Using four protein-protein complexes, we have compared a variation of the standard computational ASM protocol developed at our group, based on the Molecular Mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM-PBSA) approach, against Thermodynamic Integration (TI), a well-known and accurate but computationally expensive method. To compare the efficiency and the accuracy of the two methods, we have calculated the protein-protein binding free energy differences upon alanine mutation of interfacial residues (ΔΔGbind). In relation to the experimental ΔΔGbind values, the average error obtained with TI was 1.53 kcal/mol, while the ASM protocol resulted in an average error of 1.18 kcal/mol. The results demonstrate that the much faster ASM protocol gives results at the same level of accuracy as the TI method but at a fraction of the computational time required to run TI. This ASM protocol is therefore a strong and efficient alternative to the systematic evaluation of protein-protein interfaces, involving hundreds of amino acid residues in search of hot-spots.
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Some interfacial residues (hot-spots) contribute most to binding affinity.
“Instead, some residues (hot‐spots) contribute most to the binding affinity.16, 17, 18”
From iSEE: Interface structure, evolution, and energy-based machine learning predictor of binding affinity changes upon mutations (2019) · cites this paper as [18]
Binding energy is not evenly distributed among interfacial residues.
“It has been verified that the binding energy is not evenly distributed among the interfacial residues.”
From iSEE: Interface structure, evolution, and energy-based machine learning predictor of binding affinity changes upon mutations (2019) · cites this paper as [18]
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- Authors
- Martins, S. A., Perez, M. A. S., Moreira, I. S., Sousa, S. F., Ramos, M. J., & Fernandes, P. A.
- Affiliations
- Universidade do Porto (PT)
- Corresponding author
- Fernandes, P. A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2013-02-25
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1311-1319
- ISSN
- 1549-9618 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-9626
- OpenAlex
- W2002797885
- Cited by
- 72
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6
- FWCI
- 2.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- infoscience.epfl.ch
- Locations
- Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computational Theory and Mathematics › Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
- Keywords
- alanine scanning, protein-protein binding, binding hot spots, MM-PBSA, thermodynamic integration, binding free energy, protein-protein interfaces, interfacial residues, computational efficiency
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