The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Distribution of Potassium, Chlorine, and Sulfur between Solid and Vapor Phases during Combustion of Wood Chips and Coal
Abstract
Results are presented on the distribution of some (inorganic) elements between the solid and vapor phases in a circulating fluidized bed boiler during combustion of wood chips and coal. Samples were taken from all input and output solid material streams as well as from the gas phase at different locations in the boiler. Deposits on a specially designed deposition probe were also measured. An explanation is presented concerning the release and fate of potassium, chlorine, and sulfur during biomass combustion. The explanation is supported by the results from an additional test where hydrogen chloride was added to the combustion chamber. One of the most important factors affecting the reactivity of potassium toward chlorine in the combustion chamber appears to be the moisture content of the fuel.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“If chlorine is not present, potassium may form hydroxide when released from the fuel 2,14 and, in fluidized beds, it may also react with the bed material. 15”
From Potassium, Chlorine, and Sulfur in Ash, Particles, Deposits, and Corrosion during Wood Combustion in a Circulating Fluidized-Bed Boiler (2007) · cites this paper as [14]
In the citing paper
“Therefore, it is likely that initial potassium release takes place as KOH or other potassiumcontaining compounds rather than as KCl. 14”
From Potassium, Chlorine, and Sulfur in Ash, Particles, Deposits, and Corrosion during Wood Combustion in a Circulating Fluidized-Bed Boiler (2007) · cites this paper as [14]
Citations
Cites
Combustion properties of biomass
Jenkins, B. M., Baxter, L. L., Miles, T. R., & Miles, T. R. (1998) · Fuel Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/s0378-3820(97)00059-3 · Cited by 1,938
The implications of chlorine-associated corrosion on the operation of biomass-fired boilers
Nielsen, H. P., Frandsen, F. J., Dam-Johansen, K., & Baxter, L. L. (2000) · Progress in Energy and Combustion Science · doi:10.1016/s0360-1285(00)00003-4 · Cited by 785
The behavior of inorganic material in biomass-fired power boilers: field and laboratory experiences
Baxter, L. L., Miles, T. R., Miles, T. R., Jenkins, B. M., Milne, T., Dayton, D., Bryers, R. W., & Oden, L. L. (1998) · Fuel Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/s0378-3820(97)00060-x · Cited by 669
An Introduction to Plant Physiology
CURITS, O. F., & CLARK, D. G. (1951) · Soil Science · doi:10.1097/00010694-195101000-00013 · Cited by 491
Jensen, P. A., Frandsen, F. J., Dam-Johansen, K., & Sander, B. (2000) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef000104v · Cited by 401
On the properties of washed straw
Jenkins, B. M., Bakker, R. R., & Wei, J. B. (1996) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/0961-9534(95)00058-5 · Cited by 382
Mineral Impurities in Coal Combustion
Chandra, D. (1986) · Journal of the Geological Society of India · Cited by 374
Alkali Metal Emission during Pyrolysis of Biomass
Olsson, J. G., Jäglid, U., Pettersson, J. B. C., & Hald, P. (1997) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef960096b · Cited by 261
Dayton, D. C., French, R. J., & Milne, T. A. (1995) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef00053a018 · Cited by 220
Release of Chlorine from Biomass at Pyrolysis and Gasification Conditions1
Björkman, E., & Strömberg, B. (1997) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef970031o · Cited by 219
Research works printed but not linked: 9
- Dayton D. C., 1999, Energy Fuels, 13, 870
- Reid W. T., 1981, Coal AshIts effect on combustion systems. Chemistry of Coal Utilization
- Miles T. R., 1995, Alkali deposits found in biomass power plants. NREL/TP-433-8142, 1
- Turn S. Q., 1997, Biomass Bioenergy, 12, 252
- Dayton D. C., 1999, Energy Fuels, 13, 1211
- Weier T. E., 1982, New York
- Rydholm S. A., 1965, Pulping Processes
- Goulakrishnan P., 1999, Combust. Flame, 116, 652
- Casias C. R., 1996, Combust. Sci. Technol., 116, 315
Cited by
Biomass combustion in fluidized bed boilers: Potential problems and remedies
Khan, A. A., de Jong, W., Jansens, P. J., & Spliethoff, H. (2009) · Fuel Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2008.07.012 · Cited by 1,122
Transformation and Release to the Gas Phase of Cl, K, and S during Combustion of Annual Biomass
Knudsen, J. N., Jensen, P. A., & Dam-Johansen, K. (2004) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef049944q · Cited by 595
Ash Transformation Chemistry during Combustion of Biomass
Boström, D., Skoglund, N., Grimm, A., Boman, C., Öhman, M., Broström, M., & Backman, R. (2012) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef201205b · Cited by 440
Particle emissions from biomass combustion in small combustors
Johansson, L. S., Tullin, C., Leckner, B., & Sjövall, P. (2003) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/s0961-9534(03)00036-9 · Cited by 326
Self-citationZevenhoven, M., Yrjas, P., Skrifvars, B.-J., & Hupa, M. (2012) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/ef300621j · Cited by 210
Metadata
- Authors
- Westberg, H. M., Byström, M., & Leckner, B.
- Affiliations
- Department of Energy Conversion, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden, and Department of Applied Science, Mid Sweden University, Härnösand, Sweden
- Mid Sweden University (SE)
- ORCID
- Leckner, Bo
- Venue
- Energy & Fuels
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2002-10-17
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 18-28
- ISSN
- 0887-0624 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5029
- OpenAlex
- W2056895757
- Cited by
- 105
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 2.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Energy & Fuels (publishedVersion)
- Chalmers Publication Library (Chalmers University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Fuel Technology › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Coal Combustion and Slurry Processing
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Coal and Its By-products
- Keywords
- potassium, chlorine, sulfur, biomass combustion, wood chips, coal combustion, circulating fluidized bed boiler, hydrogen chloride, fuel moisture content
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
