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Stable Colloidal Dispersions of C60 Fullerenes in Water: Evidence for Genotoxicity
Abstract
Stable aqueous suspensions of colloidal C60 fullerenes free of toxic organic solvents were prepared by two methods: ethanol to water solvent exchange (EthOH/nC60 suspensions) and extended mixing in water (aqu/nC60 suspensions). The extended mixing method resulted in the formation of larger (dp approximately 178 nm) and less negatively charged (zeta approximately -13.5 mV) nC60 colloids than nC60 prepared by ethanol to water solvent exchange (dp approximately 122 nm, zeta approximately -31.6 mV). Genotoxicity of these suspensions was evaluated with respect to human lymphocytes using single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (Comet assay). The assay demonstrated genotoxicity for both types of suspensions with a strong correlation between the genotoxic response and nC60 concentration, and with genotoxicity observed at concentrations as low as 2.2 microg/L for aqu/nC60 and 4.2 microg/L for EtOH/nC60. The Olive tail moments (OTM) for these two concentrations were 1.54 +/- 0.24 and 1.34 +/- 0.07, respectively, which in comparison to the negative control OTM of 0.98 +/- 0.17 is statistically different with a p value of at least 0.05. Aqu/nC60 suspensions elicited higher genotoxic response than EthOH/nC60 for the same nC60 concentration. The results represent the first genotoxicity data for colloidal fullerenes produced by simple mixing in water.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Dhawan, A., Taurozzi, J. S., Pandey, A. K., Shan, W., Miller, S. M., Hashsham, S. A., & Tarabara, V. V.
- Venue
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2006-10-26
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 7394-7401
- ISSN
- 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5851
- OpenAlex
- W2325971033
- Cited by
- 278
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 13.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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